Abstract: A method includes: establishing, by a first network device, a first BMP session with a second network device, and establishing a second BMP session with a third network device; receiving a first BGP route set sent by the second network device, where the first BGP route set includes a BGP route sent by the second network device to the third network device; receiving a second BGP route set sent by the third network device, where the second BGP route set includes the BGP route received by the third network device from the second network device; and when detecting that the second BGP route set includes a first BGP route but the first BGP route set does not include the first BGP route, determining the first BGP route as an unavailable route.

Abstract: A method includes: establishing, by a first network device, a first BMP session with a second network device, and establishing a second BMP session with a third network device; receiving a first BGP route set sent by the second network device, where the first BGP route set includes a BGP route sent by the second network device to the third network device; receiving a second BGP route set sent by the third network device, where the second BGP route set includes the BGP route received by the third network device from the second network device; and when detecting that the second BGP route set includes a first BGP route but the first BGP route set does not include the first BGP route, determining the first BGP route as an unavailable route.

Abstract: A first network device includes a processor and a memory having computer readable instructions stored thereon that, when executed by the processor, cause the first network device to obtain a Flow Specification (FlowSpec) rule with redirect indication information. The redirect indication information includes identification information identifying a first virtual private network (VPN) instance configured on a second network device. The indication information also includes instructions for the second network device to redirect data stream matching the FlowSpec rule to the first VPN instance. The first network device is also caused to advertise the FlowSpec rule with the redirect indication information to the second network device.

Abstract: A first network device includes a processor configured to analyze a data stream entering a network on which the first network device is located to obtain a traffic characteristic of a target data stream, and advertise a Flow Specification (FlowSpec) route, where the FlowSpec route carries redirect indication information, the redirect indication information includes identification information, the identification information is used to uniquely identify a first virtual private network (VPN) instance in a second network device, the redirect indication information instructing to redirect the data stream including the traffic characteristic of the target data stream to the first VPN instance, the second network device is an edge device of a service provider network accessed by the network, and the first VPN instance is a target VPN instance to which the target data stream is redirected in the second network device.

Abstract: Implementations for determining deployment need for a point of interest (POI) are disclosed. In one implementation, the deployment need for a POI is determined by: receiving geographical locations of one or more users, determining, based on the geographical locations, one or more target users covered by an area to be inspected, determining one or more POI deployment need indexes of the one or more target users, a POI deployment need index of a target user being determined based on a number of POIs that have the preset function of the POI and were deployed within a set distance from the target user, and providing a total deployment need index for the area to be inspected, the total deployment need index being determined based on the one or more POI deployment need indexes.

Abstract: A method includes: establishing, by a first network device, a first BMP session with a second network device, and establishing a second BMP session with a third network device; receiving a first BGP route set sent by the second network device, where the first BGP route set includes a BGP route sent by the second network device to the third network device; receiving a second BGP route set sent by the third network device, where the second BGP route set includes the BGP route received by the third network device from the second network device; and when detecting that the second BGP route set includes a first BGP route but the first BGP route set does not include the first BGP route, determining the first BGP route as an unavailable route.

Abstract: A first network device includes a processor configured to analyze a data stream entering a network on which the first network device is located to obtain a traffic characteristic of a target data stream, and advertise a Flow Specification (FlowSpec) route, where the FlowSpec route carries redirect indication information, the redirect indication information includes identification information, the identification information is used to uniquely identify a first virtual private network (VPN) instance in a second network device, the redirect indication information instructing to redirect the data stream including the traffic characteristic of the target data stream to the first VPN instance, the second network device is an edge device of a service provider network accessed by the network, and the first VPN instance is a target VPN instance to which the target data stream is redirected in the second network device.

Abstract: Implementations for determining deployment need for a point of interest (POI) are disclosed. In one implementation, the deployment need for a POI is determined by: receiving geographical locations of one or more users, determining, based on the geographical locations, one or more target users covered by an area to be inspected, determining one or more POI deployment need indexes of the one or more target users, a POI deployment need index of a target user being determined based on a number of POIs that have the preset function of the POI and were deployed within a set distance from the target user, and providing a total deployment need index for the area to be inspected, the total deployment need index being determined based on the one or more POI deployment need indexes.

Abstract: Compositions are provided that are useful for the preparation of a medicament. The compositions comprise granules having a layer of sodium picosulphate coated on potassium bicarbonate. Additional granules having a layer of magnesium oxide coated on a core of citric acid are also provided. The two types of granules may be combined to obtain mixtures (preferably homogeneous or substantially homogeneous mixtures) of the two types of granules, which are useful, e.g., as pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: Compositions are provided that are useful for the preparation of a medicament. The compositions comprise granules having a layer of sodium picosulphate coated on potassium bicarbonate. Additional granules having a layer of magnesium oxide coated on a core of citric acid are also provided. The two types of granules may be combined to obtain mixtures (preferably homogeneous or substantially homogeneous mixtures) of the two types of granules, which are useful, e.g., as pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition comprising a homogeneous or substantially homogeneous mixture of citric acid, magnesium oxide, potassium bicarbonate and sodium picosulphate and, optionally, saccharin sodium and/or orange flavor; products, intermediate products, and uses thereof.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition comprising a homogeneous or substantially homogeneous mixture of citric acid, magnesium oxide, potassium bicarbonate and sodium picosulphate and, optionally, saccharin sodium and/or orange flavour; products, intermediate products, and uses thereof.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition comprising a docusate; an osmotic laxative; and a benzoate.