Abstract: An effective capacity estimation method and system for super capacitor energy storage systems are provided. The method includes: establishing a nonlinear electrical model of supercapacitor cell and an equivalent electrical model of a supercapacitor system; obtaining the first test data by charging the supercapacitor cell; based on the first test data, setting the initial value of parameters of the nonlinear electrical model of the supercapacitor cell by a preset algorithm; using a least-square method to identify the parameters of the nonlinear electrical model of the supercapacitor cell; obtaining electrical parameters of the equivalent electrical model of the supercapacitor system except the connection resistance parameters, carrying out a charging test of the supercapacitor system to obtain the connection resistance parameters, and estimating an effective capacity of the supercapacitor energy storage system based on the equivalent electrical model of the supercapacitor system after parameter identification.

Abstract: An alloy represented by the formula (MnxAly)Cz, the alloy being aluminum (Al), manganese (Mn), and carbon (C), and optionally unavoidable impurities; wherein x=56.0 to 59.0 y=41.0 to 44.0 x+y=100, and z=1.5 to 2.4. The alloy is highly suitable for forming the ? and ? phase in high purity and high microstructural homogeneity. A method for processing an alloy of formula (Mnx?Aly?)Cz?, wherein x?=52.0 to 59.0, y?=41.0 to 48.0, x?+y?=100, and z?=0.1 to 3.0, the process including providing the raw materials of the alloy, melting the raw materials, and forming particles of the alloy by gas atomization of the molten alloy.

Abstract: An alloy represented by the formula (MnxAly)Cz, the alloy being aluminum (Al), manganese (Mn), and carbon (C), and optionally unavoidable impurities; wherein x=56.0 to 59.0 y=41.0 to 44.0 x+y=100, and z=1.5 to 2.4. The alloy is highly suitable for forming the ? and ? phase in high purity and high microstructural homogeneity. A method for processing an alloy of formula (Mnx?Aly?)Cz?, wherein x?=52.0 to 59.0, y?=41.0 to 48.0, x?+y?=100, and z?=0.1 to 3.0, the process including providing the raw materials of the alloy, melting the raw materials, and forming particles of the alloy by gas atomization of the molten alloy.

Abstract: An alloy represented by the formula (MnxAly)Cz, the alloy being aluminum (Al), manganese (Mn), and carbon (C), and optionally unavoidable impurities; wherein x=56.0 to 59.0 y=41.0 to 44.0 x+y=100, and z=1.5 to 2.4. The alloy is highly suitable for forming the ? and ? phase in high purity and high microstructural homogeneity. A method for processing an alloy of formula (Mnx?Aly?)Cz?, wherein x?=52.0 to 59.0, y?=41.0 to 48.0, x?+y?=100, and z?=0.1 to 3.0, the process including providing the raw materials of the alloy, melting the raw materials, and forming particles of the alloy by gas atomization of the molten alloy.