Abstract: A control apparatus for an internal combustion engine having two cylinder groups and two variable valve control mechanisms provided to the respective cylinder groups, includes a detecting section that detects an incylinder pressure of each cylinder, a comparing section that makes a comparison between the two cylinder groups with respect to a combustion stability and a control section that varies valve lift characteristics of intake valves of one cylinder group which is larger in the average incylinder pressure than the other cylinder group in accordance with a result of comparison by the comparing section so as to make intake air quantities for the respective cylinder groups be equal to each other.

Abstract: A control apparatus for an internal combustion engine having two cylinder groups and two variable valve control mechanisms provided to the respective cylinder groups, includes a detecting section that detects an incylinder pressure of each cylinder, a comparing section that makes a comparison between the two cylinder groups with respect to a combustion stability and a control section that varies valve lift characteristics of intake valves of one cylinder group which is larger in the average incylinder pressure than the other cylinder group in accordance with a result of comparison by the comparing section so as to make intake air quantities for the respective cylinder groups be equal to each other.

Abstract: An intake control apparatus is configured to control a variable valve operating mechanism and an opening degree of a throttle valve. The variable valve operating mechanism varies the valve lift characteristic of the intake valves to control the intake air amount into the cylinders of the engine. The throttle valve produces a negative pressure inside the collector, but in a valve control region including medium loads, the pressure inside the collector is fixed at a weak negative pressure and the intake air amount is controlled by varying the valve lift characteristic of the intake valves. In an internal EGR priority region of low loads, the negative pressure is strengthened somewhat and the lift/duration of the intake valves is increased. When the engine is cold, the negative pressure is adjusted to be close to atmospheric pressure and the lift/duration of the intake valves is reduced.

Abstract: A variable valve timing control apparatus is provided which comprises an operation angle control mechanism capable of varying an intake operation angle, a phase control mechanism capable of varying an intake maximum lift phase, and a control unit that controls the operation angle control mechanism and the phase control mechanism in accordance with an engine operating condition, wherein the control unit has an engine temperature estimating section that estimates an engine temperature and controls the intake operation angle so that when the engine is operating in an extremely low-load range including idling, the intake operation angle when an engine temperature is extremely low is set larger than that when the engine is cold, the extremely low-engine temperature being lower than the engine temperature when the engine is cold. A method of controlling a variable valve timing of an internal combustion engine is also provided.

Abstract: A variable cam engine with an intake valve, including a first cam shaped to allow an increased intake valve lift and an increased intake valve duration, a second cam shaped to allow a reduced intake valve lift and a reduced intake valve duration, a cam switching mechanism for switching between the first and second cams depending on an engine speed and an engine load, and a control unit programmed to substantially equalize amounts of intake air flowing into the engine before and after switching from the first cam to the second cam, and programmed to determine a first ignition timing when the second cam is operated and a second ignition timing when the first cam is operated, and advance the first ignition timing relative to the second ignition timing upon switching from the first cam to the second cam.

Abstract: An intake control apparatus is configured to control a variable valve operating mechanism and an opening degree of a throttle valve. The variable valve operating mechanism varies the valve lift characteristic of the intake valves to control the intake air amount into the cylinders of the engine. The throttle valve produces a negative pressure inside the collector, but in a valve control region including medium loads, the pressure inside the collector is fixed at a weak negative pressure and the intake air amount is controlled by varying the valve lift characteristic of the intake valves. In an internal EGR priority region of low loads, the negative pressure is strengthened somewhat and the lift/duration of the intake valves is increased. When the engine is cold, the negative pressure is adjusted to be close to atmospheric pressure and the lift/duration of the intake valves is reduced.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine including a combustion chamber, an intake air passage communicated with the combustion chamber, an intake valve having a thermal insulator at an air-exposure portion thereof which is opposed to the intake air passage, a fuel injector disposed within the intake air passage and operative to inject an amount of fuel toward the air-exposure portion of the intake valve at a fuel injection timing, and a controller in communication with the fuel injector. The controller is programmed to set the fuel injection timing of the fuel injector to an engine intake stroke.

Abstract: A variable cam engine with an intake valve, including a first cam shaped to allow an increased intake valve lift and an increased intake valve duration, a second cam shaped to allow a reduced intake valve lift and a reduced intake valve duration, a cam switching mechanism for switching between the first and second cams depending on an engine speed and an engine load, and a control unit programmed to substantially equalize amounts of intake air flowing into the engine before and after switching from the first cam to the second cam, and programmed to determine a first ignition timing when the second cam is operated and a second ignition timing when the first cam is operated, and advance the first ignition timing relative to the second ignition timing upon switching from the first cam to the second cam.

Abstract: A variable valve timing control apparatus is provided which comprises an operation angle control mechanism capable of varying an intake operation angle, a phase control mechanism capable of varying an intake maximum lift phase, and a control unit that controls the operation angle control mechanism and the phase control mechanism in accordance with an engine operating condition, wherein the control unit has an engine temperature estimating section that estimates an engine temperature and controls the intake operation angle so that when the engine is operating in an extremely low-load range including idling, the intake operation angle when an engine temperature is extremely low is set larger than that when the engine is cold, the extremely low-engine temperature being lower than the engine temperature when the engine is cold. A method of controlling a variable valve timing of an internal combustion engine is also provided.

Abstract: A control system for an engine comprises an operation range judging section that judges an operation range assumed by the engine, a variable cycle operating section that switches the operation of the engine between 4-cycle operation and a different cycle operation in accordance with a judgment made by the operation range judging section, the different cycle operation being of an operation whose cycle is different from 4-cycle, and an intermediate variable cycle operating section that allows part of the cylinders to carry out 4-cycle operation and remaining part of the cylinders to carry out the different cycle operation when the operation range judging section judges that the engine is under an intermediate operation range assumed between an operation range provided by 4-cycle operation and an operation range provided by the different cycle operation.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine including a combustion chamber, an intake air passage communicated with the combustion chamber, an intake valve having a thermal insulator at an air-exposure portion thereof which is opposed to the intake air passage, a fuel injector disposed within the intake air passage and operative to inject an amount of fuel toward the air-exposure portion of the intake valve at a fuel injection timing, and a controller in communication with the fuel injector. The controller is programmed to set the fuel injection timing of the fuel injector to an engine intake stroke.

Abstract: A variable valve type internal combustion engine has cylinders and electromagnetically actuated intake and exhaust valves for each cylinder. The intake air amount fed to the cylinder is controlled by controlling the close timing of the intake valve.

Abstract: A method is provided to adjust a bias current flowing through a magneto-resistive effect type magnetic head. An examining current is supplied to the magneto-resistive effect type magnetic head, and a voltage applied to a pair of terminals of the magneto-resistive effect type magnetic head is measured. In addition, a resistance of the magneto-resistive effect type magnetic head is calculated according to the examining current and the voltage, and an allowable range of the bias current flowing through the magneto-resistive effect type magnetic head is determined according to a relationship between a life time of the magneto-resistive effect type magnetic head examined in advance and the resistance of the magneto-resistive effect type magnetic head. An optimum bias current is determined within the allowable range in condition that a slice level margin is maximized.

Abstract: An actuator for moving heads in a disk unit having heads for reading or writing data from or on recording surfaces of disks driven to rotate, an actuator having arms for supporting the heads, a main FPC board having one end thereof supported by the actuator and the other end thereof supported by a body of the disk unit, and relay FPC boards placed along the arms of the actuator, which can realize a compact and thin size, resistive to noise, and permitting a reduction in manufacturing cost. A printed-circuit board is supported by an actuator, is electrically connected to a circuit unit in a body of a disk unit via a main FPC board, and is electrically connected to heads via relay FPC boards. Integrated circuits are mounted on the printed-circuit board.