Abstract: A container (1) containing a foaming-target food is charged at a predetermined pressure with nitrous oxide and a gas having a smaller solubility in the food than nitrous oxide. Then, the container (1) is shaken sufficiently, and a lever (3c) is operated to let the food come out, whereby the gas in the food begins foaming to give a foamed food product in which fine cells distribute uniformly.

Abstract: An apparatus automatically estimates the effect of processing steps of procedures in parallel by computer. The apparatus collects SMF (system management function) records from an SMF data set that is in a magnetic disk, analyzes the SMF records, calculates series-processing time for processing the steps of the procedures in series, estimates, from the SMF records, time reduction produced by processing the steps of the procedures in parallel, and subtracts the time reduction from the series-processing time, to estimate parallel-processing time for processing the steps of the procedures in parallel.

Abstract: In a JCL analyzing apparatus for a job having a plurality of job steps, an application method of a data set is inspected to select the data set applicable to a pipe data set in view of generating a job step matrix. Utilizing information about the job step matrix for the continuous job step groups using the applicable data set, the job step groups are checked to determine whether they are parallel-executable. If the job steps groups are all parallel-executable, a data set can be applicable to the pipe data set. If the job step groups overlap, these groups are summarized, when possible, utilizing the information about the job step matrix to decide the parallel-executable job step groups.