Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes memory cell transistors and a control circuit. The control circuit is configured to set a threshold voltage of each memory cell transistor to be in one of voltage ranges to store multi-bit data in each memory cell transistor. The voltage ranges include a first range corresponding to a first multi-bit value, a second range lower than the first range and corresponding to a second multi-bit value, and a third range that is the lowest. When a target memory cell transistor in which data of the second multi-bit value is to be written currently stores data of the first multi-bit value, the control circuit is configured to apply a first voltage to a gate of the target memory cell transistor, to shift the threshold voltage of the target memory cell transistor to be in the second range without dropping into the third range.

Abstract: An optical apparatus includes a light emitting apparatus and a host apparatus. The light emitting apparatus includes a housing extending in a first direction, a light emitting device mounted in the housing, an optical connector including a first optical connection part provided at one end of the housing, and an electrical connector including a first electrical connection part provided at one end of the housing and receiving a voltage to drive the light emitting device. The host apparatus includes a host optical connector including a second optical connection part which faces the first optical connection part and is optically coupled thereto, a host electrical connector including a second electrical connection part facing the first electrical connection part and being electrically connected to the first electrical connection part, and a host board mounting the host optical connector and the host electrical connector thereon.

Abstract: A system includes a rack, a heat treatment device configured to perform a heat treatment, one or more conveyance devices, and a host. The host is configured to determine a target memory chip to be subjected to the heat treatment by the heat treatment device among memory chips in a plurality of drives mounted on the rack, and disable communication with a target drive on which the target memory chip is mounted. The host is configured to control the conveyance devices to dismount the target drive from the rack, detach a component including the target memory chip from the target drive, convey the detached component to the heat treatment device, reattach the component including the target memory chip that has undergone the heat treatment to a drive, and mount the drive with the component including the target memory chip that has undergone the heat treatment on the rack.

Abstract: An Oldham coupling includes an engagement arm. At least either a driving-side rotor or an input gear has an engagement portion engaged with the engagement arm and is connected to the Oldham coupling. The engagement arm has a pair of arm flat surface portions perpendicular to a rotational direction of the driving-side rotor. The engagement portion has a pair of engagement flat surface portions that the arm flat surface portions face in a sliding contact manner. Each arm flat surface portion is, within a range where the arm flat surface portion slides against a facing engagement flat surface portion, always in contact with an overlapping portion of the engagement flat surface portion with the arm flat surface portion when viewed from a direction perpendicular to a sliding direction of the Oldham coupling and in which the arm flat surface portion and the engagement flat surface portion overlap each other.

Abstract: A valve opening-closing timing control apparatus includes a phase adjustment mechanism. The phase adjustment mechanism includes an input gear and an elastic member that applies biasing force to the input gear in such a way that the input gear meshes with an output gear. An eccentric member includes one first concave portion along a circumferential direction thereof, being formed on an outer circumferential surface. The elastic member includes a supported portion supported by the first concave portion, and a curved portion and a biasing piece portion that generate biasing force. The elastic member is supported by the first concave portion at two different boundaries in the circumferential direction.

Abstract: A valve opening-closing timing control apparatus includes a phase adjustment mechanism. The phase adjustment mechanism includes an input gear and an elastic member that applies biasing force to the input gear in such a way that the input gear meshes with an output gear. An eccentric member includes one first concave portion along a circumferential direction thereof, being formed on an outer circumferential surface. The elastic member includes a supported portion supported by the first concave portion, and a curved portion and a biasing piece portion that generate biasing force. The elastic member is supported by the first concave portion at two different boundaries in the circumferential direction.

Abstract: An Oldham coupling includes an engagement arm. At least either a driving-side rotor or an input gear has an engagement portion engaged with the engagement arm and is connected to the Oldham coupling. The engagement arm has a pair of arm flat surface portions perpendicular to a rotational direction of the driving-side rotor. The engagement portion has a pair of engagement flat surface portions that the arm flat surface portions face in a sliding contact manner. Each arm flat surface portion is, within a range where the arm flat surface portion slides against a facing engagement flat surface portion, always in contact with an overlapping portion of the engagement flat surface portion with the arm flat surface portion when viewed from a direction perpendicular to a sliding direction of the Oldham coupling and in which the arm flat surface portion and the engagement flat surface portion overlap each other.

Abstract: A bread board includes a first layer, a second layer, and connectors. The first layer includes a plurality of first regions each including at least one terminal detacher which is electrically connected to a terminal, and the terminal detachers contained in an identical one first region from among the plurality of first regions are mutually electrically connected, but are electrically insulated from the terminal detachers contained in other first regions. The second layer includes a plurality of second regions and forms a multilayer structure with the first layer. Each of the connectors electrically connects the second region of the second layer and a predetermined first region of the first layer, and the plurality of first regions which are mutually insulated are electrically connected through the connector and the second region.