Abstract: Methods and apparatus allow for passive determination of a driver's Breath Alcohol Concentration (BrAC). Alcohol concentrations can be determined from exhaled breath, however inconvenience to a driver is often a barrier for incorporation of BrAC sensors into vehicles. The methods and apparatus allow for passive determination of a driver's BrAC, while detecting and accounting for a wide range of environmental conditions that may reduce the accuracy of a passive BrAC reading.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus allow for passive determination of a driver's Breath Alcohol Concentration (BrAC). Alcohol concentrations can be determined from exhaled breath, however inconvenience to a driver is often a barrier for incorporation of BrAC sensors into vehicles. The methods and apparatus allow for passive determination of a driver's BrAC, while detecting and accounting for a wide range of environmental conditions that may reduce the accuracy of a passive BrAC reading.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus allow for passive determination of a driver's Breath Alcohol Concentration (BrAC). Alcohol concentrations can be determined from exhaled breath, however inconvenience to a driver is often a barrier for incorporation of BrAC sensors into vehicles. The methods and apparatus allow for passive determination of a driver's BrAC, while detecting and accounting for a wide range of environmental conditions that may reduce the accuracy of a passive BrAC reading.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus allow for passive determination of a driver's Breath Alcohol Concentration (BrAC). Alcohol concentrations can be determined from exhaled breath, however inconvenience to a driver is often a barrier for incorporation of BrAC sensors into vehicles. The methods and apparatus allow for passive determination of a driver's BrAC, while detecting and accounting for a wide range of environmental conditions that may reduce the accuracy of a passive BrAC reading.

Abstract: A vehicle safety system is provided that includes an alcohol concentration determining arrangement. A control unit is adapted to receive and analyze data from the alcohol concentration determining arrangement and output a blocking signal or a dissuasion signal under certain conditions. A blocking arrangement is adapted to prevent driving of the vehicle by the vehicle occupant upon receipt of a blocking signal. An output device is adapted to receive the dissuasion signal and to present a warning to the vehicle occupant to dissuade the occupant from driving the vehicle. The control unit is operable to categorize the concentration of alcohol in the occupant's blood into one of three categories: a low concentration category, in which the blocking signal will not be generated, a high concentration category, in which the blocking signal will be generated, and an intermediate category, in which the dissuasion signal will be generated.

Abstract: A vehicle safety system is provided that includes an alcohol concentration determining arrangement. A control unit is adapted to receive and analyze data from the alcohol concentration determining arrangement and output a blocking signal or a dissuasion signal under certain conditions. A blocking arrangement is adapted to prevent driving of the vehicle by the vehicle occupant upon receipt of a blocking signal. A output device is adapted to receive the dissuasion signal and to present a warning to the vehicle occupant to dissuade the occupant from driving the vehicle. The control unit is operable to categorize the concentration of alcohol in the occupant's blood into one of three categories: a low concentration category, in which the blocking signal will not be generated, a high concentration category, in which the blocking signal will be generated, and an intermediate category, in which the dissuasion signal will be generated.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for of assessing the blood concentration level in a human or animal subject, of a volatile blood constituent (preferably alcohol) is disclosed. The method comprises steps of positioning a sensor (21, 22) within the expiratory gas flow of the subject, wherein the sensor (21, 22) is configured to detect the presence of the constituent and provide a first output signal representative of the concentration of said constituent in air, and also to detect a presence of carbon dioxide and to provide a second output signal representative of the concentration of carbon dioxide in air. The flow of expiratory gases from the subject is sampled to provide a first signal and second signal in respect of the expiratory gases substantially simultaneously.

Abstract: A system for the detection and analysis of at least one volatile substance in breath samples of a subject, including at least one source of infrared radiation adapted to the wavelength range of specific absorption peaks of said substances, a plurality of reflecting surfaces of said radiation adapted for collimation onto at least one detector providing a plurality of electrical output signals corresponding to the transmission of said radiation within wavelength intervals corresponding to said absorption peaks, at least one measuring cell including a mechanical support structure defining the position of said source, reflecting surfaces and detector, adapted to the reception and disposal of said breath sample, and exposing it to said radiation, at least one electronic signal processing unit with capacity to analyse said signals with respect to pre-programmed information concerning infrared absorption spectra of said substances.

Abstract: A procedure and an apparatus for plumbing and installing the shaft equipment for an elevator uses a plumbing jig. The plumbing jig is mounted in the upper part of the elevator shaft from the top floor, plumb lines are attached to the plumbing jig from the top floor and, using the plumb lines attached to the plumbing jig, the shaft equipment is positioned, whereupon the shaft equipment is fixed in place. The apparatus includes supporting elements that can be fixed to the elevator shaft, a plumbing jig that can be attached to the supporting elements and mounted substantially from the top floor, and plumb lines that can be suspended from the plumbing jig and extend into the elevator shaft below the plumbing jig.

Abstract: A procedure and an apparatus for plumbing and installing the shaft equipment for an elevator uses a plumbing jig (22). The plumbing jig (22) is mounted in the upper part of the elevator shaft from the top floor (11), plumb lines (43) are attached to the plumbing jig from the top floor (11) and, using the plumb lines (43) attached to the plumbing jig (22), the shaft equipment (28) is positioned, whereupon the shaft equipment (28) is fixed in place. The apparatus includes supporting elements (41) that can be fixed to the elevator shaft, a plumbing jig (22) that can be attached to the supporting elements (41) and mounted substantially from the top floor (11), and plumb lines (43) that can be suspended from the plumbing jig (22) and extend into the elevator shaft (2) below the plumbing jig.

Abstract: The invention relates to a procedure and an apparatus for the installation of an elevator. According to the invention, at least one suspension element (16,17) is fixed to the upper part of the elevator shaft, to which element is fitted a suspension device (24) used to support shaft equipment during installation. The suspension device (24) is mounted on the suspension element (16,17) using a mounting tool (22) from the top floor landing (11).