Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing a optically active .beta.-(S)-aminoglutaric acid monoalkyl ester of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a lower alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, which comprises subjecting a .beta.-N-protected aminoglutaric acid dialkyl ester of the formula: ##STR2## wherein each R is as defined above and A is an easily removable protecting group, to an action of an enzyme produced by a microorganism belonging to the genera Flavobacterium, Achromobacter, Xanthomonas, Alcaligenes, Serratia, Gluconobacter, Chromobacterium and Acetobacter, to selectively hydrolyze only one of the two ester groups, and then removing the protecting group.

Abstract: A process for producing threo-3-amino-2-hydroxybutanoylaminoacetic acids comprises the steps of allowing to react a starting compound represented by the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a naphthyl or a group of the formula: ##STR2## in which R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 represent individually hydrogen, halogen, amino or a protected amino, hydroxy or a protected hydroxy, a lower alkoxy or a lower alkyl and R.sub.2 represents a protected amino, with a starting compound represented by the general formula: ##STR3## wherein R.sub.3 represents hydrogen or an ester residue, to obtain threo-3-protected amino-2-hydroxy-4-oxobutanoic acid or its ester represented by the general formula: ##STR4## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 have the same meanings as above, and then reducing the same into threo-3-protected amino-2-hydroxybutanoic acid or its ester represented by the general formula: ##STR5## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.

Abstract: New anthracycline derivatives, .beta.-rhodomycinone-RDA, .beta.-rhodomycinone-RDRs and .beta.-rhodomycinone-RD having potent anticancer activities and lower toxicities and a process for the production thereof by reduction or hydrolysis of .beta.-rhodomycinone-RDC are disclosed.

Abstract: An aminoglycoside compound of the following formula ##STR1## wherein one of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 represents a hydrogen atom and the other, a methyl group, R.sub.3 represents a hydrogen atom or an amino acyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, R.sub.4 represents a lower alkyl group substituted by one or two substituents selected from the class consisting of hydroxy and amino groups, or a hexopyranosyl group whose hydroxy groups may be substituted by amino groups,and a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof; and an antibiotic composition comprising said compound and its pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt.

Abstract: Tylosin derivatives shown by the general formula ##STR1## wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group; R.sub.1 represents a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a tetrahydrofuranyloxy group, a tetrahydropyranyloxy group, a tetrahydrothiofuranyloxy group, a tetrahydrothiopyranyloxy group, an alkanoyloxy group, an arylcarbonyloxy group, an aralkylcarbonyloxy group, a lower alkylthiomethyloxy group, a heterocyclic thio group which may have a substituent, a mono- or di- lower alkylamino lower alkylthio group or a group of ##STR2## (wherein R.sub.4 represents a hydroxyl group or an alkanoyloxy group); R.sub.2 represents a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or an alkanoyloxy group; R.sub.3 represents a hydroxyl group or an alkanoyloxy group; and represents a single bond or a double bond, but represents a double bond when R.sub.2 is a hydrogen atom.These compounds are useful as antibiotics.

Abstract: The novel compound represented by the general formula (I) ##STR1## (wherein R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkanoyl group of 1 to 14 carbon atoms, or an arylcarbonyl group), and an acid addition salt thereof [on condition that when R is a hydrogen atom, the hydrochloride exhibits an optical rotation of [.alpha.].sub.D.sup.22 -1.degree. .+-.2.degree. (c, 2 water)] has antitumor activity in experimental animals.

Abstract: Disclosed are an antitumor compound having the chemical structure ##STR1## or its acid addition salts; and its preparation method which consists of treating a compound represented by the chemical structure ##STR2## whereinR is a COCH.sub.3 or CH(OH)CH.sub.3 group,by a streptomycetes strain or its mutants.

Abstract: New antibiotic designated MF266 substance is now obtained from fermentaton of a new microorganism Streptomyces MF266-g4 (desposited under FERM-P 5401 or ATCC 31910). This new substance is useful as antibacterial agent and/or an antitumor agent for the inhibition of experimental animal tumors.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel anthracyclinone glycosides represented by the chemical formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen or methyl;R.sup.2 is hydrogen or hydroxyl;R.sup.3 is hydrogen or methoxycarbonyl;R.sup.4 is two hydrogen atoms or an oxygen atom;R.sup.5 is hydrogen, hydroxyl or --OCOX (wherein X is lower alkyl or aralkyl);R.sup.6 is amino, monomethylamino or dimethylamino;R.sup.7 is hydrogen or acetyl; andR.sup.8 is hydrogen or L-cinerulose A ##STR2## but, when R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 are hydrogen and methoxycarbonyl respectively, R.sup.2 is hydrogen; R.sup.4 is two hydrogen atoms; R.sup.5 is hydrogen; R.sup.6 is amino, monoethylamino or dimethylamino; R.sup.7 is acetyl; and R.sup.8 is L-cinerulose A,and their acid addition salts and a method for preparation thereof which consists of treating O-alpha-L-cinerulosyl-(1.fwdarw.4)-O-(3-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-alpha-L-fucosyl)- (1.fwdarw.4)-alpha-L-rhodosamine with corresponding aglycones.

Abstract: A new antibiotic BMG162-aF2 having the formula ##STR1## can be obtained by cultivating a BMG162-aF2-producing strain belonging to the genus Bacillus in a culture medium to produce and accumulate the said BMG162-aF2 and then recovering it from the culture medium. The antibiotic BMG162-aF2 thus obtained or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can be used for the treatment of a transplanted tumor in warmblooded animals.

Abstract: A process is disclosed in which an optically active monoalkyl ester of .beta.-(S)-aminoglutaric acid is prepared by subjecting a dialkyl ester of .beta.-protected aminoglutaric acid to the action of a culture broth, cells, or treated cells of a microorganism capable of stereoselectively hydrolyzing only one of the ester groups in the above-mentioned dialkyl ester to produce an optically active monoalkyl ester of .beta.-protected (S)-aminoglutaric acid, and then removing the amino-protecting group from the product. An optically active monoalkyl ester of .beta.-(S)-aminoglutaric acid is useful as a starting material for synthesizing .beta.-lactam antibiotics of carbapenem type such as thienamycin.

Abstract: New antibacterial compounds are provided, including a 1-N-(.alpha.-hydroxy-.omega.-aminoalkanoyl)-5,3',4'-trideoxykanamycin B; a 1-N(.alpha.-hydroxy-.omega.-aminoalkanoyl)-5,3',4',641 -tetradeoxykanamycin B; and a 1-N-(.alpha.-hydroxy-.omega.-aminoalkanoyl)-5,3',4'-trideoxy-6'-N-methylka namycin B; as well as 5,3',4',6"-tetradeoxykanamycin B and 5,3',4'-trideoxy-6'-N-methylkanamycin B.

Abstract: As new semi-synthetic antibiotic derivative are provided N-methanesulfonic acid derivatives of istamycin A or B which are lower toxic than the parent antibiotic and retain usefully high antibacterial activity. They are produced by N-sulfomethylation in such way that istamycin A or B is reacted with an aldehyde such as paraformaldehyde and sulfurous acid or sulfite reagent.

Abstract: L-Argininal derivatives of the general formula: ##STR1## are disclosed. A method of manufacturing any such derivative is also disclosed. The L-argininal derivative of this invention has a strong inhibitory activity on proteases, such as serine and thiol proteases, and is expected to provide useful medicines, including those which are effective for diseases caused by abnormal elevation of protease activity.

Abstract: A new analgesic agent is now provided, which comprises as the active ingredient 3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-phenylbutanoic acid and some related compounds thereof. These compounds have now found to be effective as inhibitor against enkephalinase and as an agent for enhancing analgesic activity of morphine.

Abstract: The novel antibiotic, oxanosine, having the structure ##STR1## inhibits the growth of Gram-negative bacteria and has antiviral and carcinostatic activity. It is produced by cultivation of an oxanosine-producing microorganism of the genus Streptomyces, preferably Streptomyces capreolus MG265-CF3, ATCC No. 31963.

Abstract: A substance having antibiotic activity, designated as cytophagin, which is stable in the form of colorless powder and which has an elemental analysis of H: 6.94%, C: 47.22% and N: 13.21%, a molecular weight of 1,000 to 1500. This substance is believed to be composed of 11 amino acids and exhibits a strong activity against Gram-positive bacteria. Cytophagin is produced by fermentation using a microorganism belonging to the genus Cytophaga and capable of producing cytophagin. A preferred strain is Cytophaga BMF 694-N3 (FERM P-4846;NRRL B-12109). Cytophagin is of potential interest as medicament or veterinary agent because of its antibiotic activity.

Abstract: Threo-3-protected amino-2-hydroxy-4-oxobutanoic acid or its esters represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents naphthyl or a group of the formula ##STR2## in which R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 represent individually hydrogen, halogen, amino, an amino protected with acyl, lower alkyloxycarbonyl or carbamoyl, hydroxy or protected with acyl, lower alkyloxycarbonyl or carbamoyl, lower alkoxy, lower alkyl or phenyl group; R.sub.2 represents an amine protected with acyl, lower alkyloxycarbonyl or carbamoyl; and R.sub.3 represents hydrogen, lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or benzyl.

Abstract: New anthracycline compounds, 2-hydroxyaclacinomycin A having potent antitumor activity and lower toxicity, 2-hydroxyaklavinone as an useful precursor for producing anthracycline glycosides, and a process for the production thereof by microbial conversion method are disclosed.

Abstract: New, useful derivatives of istamycins A and B are provided, which are formimidoylistamycins A and B of formula (I) having a toxicity significantly lower than those of istamycins A and B with an antibacterial activity higher than that of fortimicin A and of the same level as those of istamycins A and B. These compounds may be prepared by reacting 1,2',6'-tri-N-protected istamycins A and B of formula (V) with an iminoether.