Abstract: For cognitive radio systems, the transmit power of a cognitive radio device is controlled so that the cognitive, unlicensed radio device does not interfere with the use of a shared spectrum by a primary, licensed device. Controlling the transmit power includes determining a distance, or a function of the distance, between a primary transmitter of the primary device and the cognitive radio device based on sensing information from a spectrum sensing process. The maximum transmit power of the cognitive radio device is then dynamically controlled based on the distance, or the function of the distance, while considering a worst case scenario of an underlying cognitive radio model, to guarantee a quality of service requirement of the primary device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of performing an oilfield operation of an oilfield having at least one wellsite, each wellsite having a wellbore penetrating a subterranean formation for extracting fluid from an underground reservoir therein. The method includes determining a time-step for simulating the reservoir, the reservoir being represented as a plurality of gridded cells and being modeled as a multi-phase system using a plurality of partial differential equations, calculating a plurality of Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy (CFL) conditions of the reservoir model corresponding to the time-step, the plurality of CFL conditions comprising a temperature CFL condition, a composition CFL condition, and a saturation CFL condition, simulating a first cell of the plurality of gridded cells with an Implicit Pressure, Explicit Saturations (IMPES) system, and simulating a second cell of the plurality of gridded cells with a Fully Implicit Method (FIM) system.

Abstract: Implementations of the present disclosure provide methods of invoking a web service using a mobile client. In some implementations, a method includes defining a correlation between a plurality of input components of an application that is executed on the mobile client and a plurality of parameters of a web service application, generating a text file based on the correlation, storing the text file in memory of the mobile client, generating an invocation message at the mobile client based on the text file and a user input, and transmitting the invocation message to a server to invoke the web service application.

Abstract: An atomic force microscopy system includes an imaging probe having a first thermal displacement constant and a sample placement surface. At least a portion of the sample placement surface has a second thermal displacement constant. The sample placement surface is spaced apart from the imaging probe at a predetermined displacement. The sample placement surface is configured so that the second thermal displacement constant matches the first thermal displacement constant so that when the imaging probe and the sample placement surface are subject to a predetermined temperature, both the portion of the sample placement surface and the imaging prove are displaced by a same distance.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of performing an oilfield operation of an oilfield having at least one wellsite, each wellsite having a wellbore penetrating a subterranean formation for extracting fluid from an underground reservoir therein. The method includes determining a time-step for simulating the reservoir, the reservoir being represented as a plurality of gridded cells and being modeled as a multi-phase system using a plurality of partial differential equations, calculating a plurality of Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy (CFL) conditions of the reservoir model corresponding to the time-step, the plurality of CFL conditions comprising a temperature CFL condition, a composition CFL condition, and a saturation CFL condition, simulating a first cell of the plurality of gridded cells with an Implicit Pressure, Explicit Saturations (IMPES) system, and simulating a second cell of the plurality of gridded cells with a Fully Implicit Method (FIM) system.

Abstract: A multi-scale finite-volume (MSFV) method simulates nonlinear immiscible three-phase compressible flow in the presence of gravity and capillary forces. Consistent with the MSFV framework, flow and transport are treated separately and differently using a fully implicit sequential algorithm. The pressure field is solved using an operator splitting algorithm. The general solution of the pressure is decomposed into an elliptic part, a buoyancy/capillary force dominant part, and an inhomogeneous part with source/sink and accumulation. A MSFV method is used to compute the basis functions of the elliptic component, capturing long range interactions in the pressure field. Direct construction of the velocity field and solution of the transport problem on the primal coarse grid provides flexibility in accommodating physical mechanisms. A MSFV method computes an approximate pressure field, including a solution of a course-scale pressure equation; constructs fine-scale fluxes; and computes a phase-transport equation.

Abstract: A method, system, a program storage device and apparatus are disclosed for conducting a reservoir simulation, using a reservoir model of a region of interest, wherein the region of interest has been gridded into cells. Each cell has one or more unknown variable. Each cell has a node. A graph of the nodes is represented by a sparse matrix. The graph is an initially decomposed into a pre-specified number of domains, such that each cell exists in at least one domain. The cells and domains are numbered. Each cell has a key, the key of each cell is the set of domain numbers to which the cell belongs. Each cell has a class, the class of each cell being the number of elements in the cell. The cells are grouped into connectors, each connector being the set of cells that share the same key. Each connector having a connector class, the connector class being the number of elements in the key of the connector.

Abstract: Computer-implemented systems and methods are provided for an upscaling approach based on dynamic simulation of a given model. A system and method can be configured such that the accuracy of the upscaled model is continuously monitored via indirect error measures. If the indirect error measures are bigger than a specified tolerance, the upscaled model is dynamically updated with approximate fine-scale information that is reconstructed by a multi-scale finite volume method. Upscaling of multi-phase flow can include flow information in the underlying fine-scale. Adaptive prolongation and restriction operators are applied for flow and transport equations in constructing an approximate fine-scale solution.

Abstract: A multi-scale method to efficiently determine the fine-scale saturation arising from multi-phase flow in a subsurface reservoir is disclosed. The method includes providing a simulation model that includes a fine-scale grid defining a plurality of fine-scale cells, and a coarse-scale grid defining a plurality of coarse-scale cells that are aggregates of the fine-scale cells. The coarse-scale cells are partitioned into saturation regions responsive to velocity and/or saturation changes from the saturation front. A fine-scale saturation is determined for each region and the saturation regions are assembled to obtain a fine-scale saturation distribution. A visual display can be output responsive to the fine-scale saturation distribution.

Abstract: Cosmetic and dermatological composition for the treatment of psoriatic skin, comprising 5%-15% quince seeds; 10%-40% natural base cream; and 55%-75% mixture of anti-oxidants, skin softening agents, absorption aids, tissue regenerating and protecting agents, preservatives and thickening agents.

Abstract: A multi-scale finite-volume (MSFV) method to solve elliptic problems with a plurality of spatial scales arising from single or multi-phase flows in porous media is provided. Two sets of locally computed basis functions are employed. A first set of basis functions captures the small-scale heterogeneity of the underlying permeability field, and it is computed to construct the effective coarse-scale transmissibilities. A second set of basis functions is required to construct a conservative fine-scale velocity field. The method efficiently captures the effects of small scales on a coarse grid, is conservative, and treats tensor permeabilities correctly. The underlying idea is to construct transmissibilities that capture the local properties of a differential operator. This leads to a multi-point discretization scheme for a finite-volume solution algorithm. Transmissibilities for the MSFV method are preferably constructed only once as a preprocessing step and can be computed locally.

Abstract: A method, system and apparatus are disclosed for conducting a reservoir simulation, using a reservoir model of a gridded region of interest. The grid of the region of interest includes one or more types of cells, the type of cell being distinguished by the number of unknown variables representing properties of the cells. The cells share a common variable as an unknown variable. The method includes the steps of identifying different cell types for the grid; constructing an overall matrix for the reservoir model based on the different cell types; at least partially decoupling the common variable from the other unknown variables in the matrix by using a reduction process to yield a reduced matrix; mathematically breaking up the variables in the reduced matrix into k subsets by cell types; applying an overlapping multiplicative Schwartz procedure to the reduced matrix to obtain a preconditioner and using the preconditioner to solve for the unknown variables.

Abstract: A WLAN communication system and algorithm that adaptively changes the data transmission rate of a communication channel based on changing channel conditions. The WLAN communication system or algorithm has two modes being a searching mode and a transmission mode. Furthermore, the WLAN communication system or algorithm incorporates an additive increase, multiplicative decrease (AIMD) function into the rate adaptation algorithm.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for solving a non-linear S-shaped function F=ƒ(S) which is representative of a property S in a physical system, such saturation in a reservoir simulation. A Newton iteration (T) is performed on the function ƒ(S) at Sv to determine a next iterative value Sv+1. It is then determined whether Sv+1 is located on the opposite side of the inflection point Sc from Sv. If Sv+1 is located on the opposite side of the inflection point from Sv, then Sv+1 is set to Sl, a modified new estimate. The modified new estimate, Sl, is preferably set to either the inflection point, Sc, or to an average value between Sv and Sv+1, i.e., Sl=0.5(Sv+Sv+1). The above steps are repeated until Sv+1 is within the predetermined convergence criteria. Also, solution algorithms are described for two-phase and three-phase flow with gravity and capillary pressure.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of performing an oilfield operation of an oilfield having at least one wellsite, each wellsite having a wellbore penetrating a subterranean formation for extracting fluid from an underground reservoir therein.

Abstract: A multi-scale finite-volume (MSFV) method to solve elliptic problems with a plurality of spatial scales arising from single or multi-phase flows in porous media is provided. The method efficiently captures the effects of small scales on a coarse grid, is conservative, and treats tensor permeabilities correctly. The underlying idea is to construct transmissibilities that capture the local properties of a differential operator. This leads to a multi-point discretization scheme for a finite-volume solution algorithm. Transmissibilities for the MSFV method are preferably constructed only once as a preprocessing step and can be computed locally.

Abstract: Walls and other structures can be made from blocks assembled from relatively light-weight standard panels that fit together like a puzzle. The blocks are held together without the use of mortar. Each block is formed of six rectangular panels fitted together by sliding capturable elements into cooperating receiving grooves. All of the panels have a common thickness and each panel has two parallel faces. Three types of panels are involved in making the block.

Abstract: Methods for inhibiting cancer, scar formation, disrupting the cellular cytoskeleton, and conferring resistance from infection are disclosed. Such methods comprise the administration of oleuropein and/or the products of its hydrolysis in therapeutically effective amounts. To that end, a variety of pharmaceutical formulations and routes or administration are disclosed and may be utilized to treat a wide variety of diseases.

Abstract: A fluid control valve 1 comprising a valve body 2 having a central bore 4 provided with a plurality of radial apertures defining inlet and outlet ports 5,6,7, and a spool slidably mounted within the central bore for axial movement therein to provide selective fluid communication between selected pairs or groups of the inlet and outlet ports, wherein at least one annular groove 14a,14b,14c is formed in an outer periphery of the valve body in the region of one of said radial apertures, a filter 12 being provided in said at least one annular groove, the filter comprising a perforated plate or membrane formed into a cylindrical shape and located in the annular bore, the perforated plate being held in place in the groove by retaining means 16, wherein the retaining means 16 comprises an elongate resilient member located around the outer periphery of the perforated plate and adapted to apply a compressive biasing force against the plate, free ends of the elongate resilient member extending substantially tangential

Abstract: A WLAN communication system and algorithm that adaptively changes the data transmission rate of a communication channel based on changing channel conditions. The WLAN communication system or algorithm has two modes being a searching mode and a transmission mode. Furthermore, the WLAN communication system or algorithm incorporates an additive increase, multiplicative decrease (AIMD) function into the rate adaptation algorithm.