Abstract: An improved method of computer communication and networking with error-correction encoding and transmission using a punctured polar code construction that is based on polar code decomposition is provided. Advantageously, this allows sorting of a reliability sequence to be performed for a reduced-length vector to identify the information bit positions in the reduced-length polar code vector. Polar code decomposition is used to determine a number of information bits allocated to given reduced-length vector (e.g., K0 and K1). The polar code construction is a function of a puncturing pattern. In some embodiments, the puncturing pattern is a shortening pattern.

Abstract: An assistant sub-channel to carry a decoding assistant bit, in input bits that are to be encoded, is selected from each of a plurality of non-adjacent segments. Each segment includes a subset of sub-channels with associated reliabilities. Some embodiments also involve grouping the sub-channels into the segments. After a target number of assistant sub-channels have been selected, the input bits are encoded to generate a codeword, and the codeword is transmitted. Assistant sub-channel selection could involve iterations to select assistant sub-channels at each iteration, until at least the target number of assistant sub-channels have been selected.

Abstract: One or more codewords are generated by encoding input bits at input bit positions onto sub-channels that are provided by a code. Each of the sub-channels has an associated reliability of correct decoding of an input bit at an input bit position. Each codeword is transmitted to a decoder, and a word based on each transmitted codeword is received at the decoder. Each received word is decoded, and the reliabilities of the sub-channels are determined based on decoded bits and known input bits from which each codeword was generated. An indication that is based on the determined reliabilities of the sub-channels, such as an indication of the determined reliabilities, is transmitted to the encoder, and may be used by the encoder in selecting the sub-channels for encoding subsequent input bits, for example.

Abstract: A container for picking up and transporting waste such as dog excrement comprises a bag extended by a flap suitable for closing and opening of the bag, the bag having a front wall and a rear wall, the flap extending the rear wall so as to be capable of occupying either an open position for picking up, in which it is folded against an outside face of the rear wall, or else a closed position for transport, in which it is folded against an outside face of the front wall. The invention relates to urban hygiene.

Abstract: The invention relates to a container for picking up and transporting waste such as dog excrement. The container comprises a bag extended by a flap suitable for closing and opening of the bag, the bag having a front wall and a rear wall, the flap extending the rear wall so as to be capable of occupying either an open position for picking up, in which it is folded against an outside face of the rear wall, or else a closed position for transport, in which it is folded against an outside face of the front wall. The invention relates to urban hygiene.