Abstract: The disclosed embodiments include methods, systems, and articles of manufacture for providing advertising services. In one embodiment, a system is provided for receiving a user registration request, identifying advertisements in content presented at client devices of the user during a first time period, providing alternative advertisements to the client devices in substantially real-time to replace the identified advertisements, receiving user financial data indicating purchases of the user during the first time period, associating user purchases with the alternative advertisements provided during the first time period based on the user's financial data, and determining an efficacy score one or more of the alternative advertisements based on the association.