Abstract: In an embodiment, a method includes: forming a first inter-metal dielectric (IMD) layer over a semiconductor substrate; forming a bottom electrode layer over the first IMD layer; forming a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) film stack over the bottom electrode layer; forming a first top electrode layer over the MTJ film stack; forming a protective mask covering a first region of the first top electrode layer, a second region of the first top electrode layer being uncovered by the protective mask; forming a second top electrode layer over the protective mask and the first top electrode layer; and patterning the second top electrode layer, the first top electrode layer, the MTJ film stack, the bottom electrode layer, and the first IMD layer with an ion beam etching (IBE) process to form a MRAM cell, where the protective mask is etched during the IBE process.

Abstract: An electronic system including an image sensor, a face detection engine, an eye detection engine and an eye protection engine is provided. The image sensor captures an image. The face detection engine recognizes a user face in the image. The eye detection engine recognizes user eyes in the image. The eye protection engine turns off a display device when the user eyes are recognized in the image but the user face is not recognized in the image.

Abstract: A memory device and a programming method thereof are provided. The programming method includes the following steps. According to a step value, based on an incremental step pulse programming scheme, multiple programming operations are performed for a selected memory page. In a setting mode, multiple program verify operations are respectively performed corresponding to the programming operations to respectively generate multiple pass bit numbers. In the setting mode, a pass bit number difference value of two pass bit numbers corresponding to two programming operations is calculated. In the setting mode, an amount of the step value is adjusted according to the pass bit number difference value.

Abstract: An adaptive micro-battery array including: a substrate having at least one charging and discharging port; a plurality of micro-battery units located on the substrate and each having at least one micro control unit and at least one energy storage unit; and a connecting network; where the connecting network and the micro control unit are formed on the substrate by a semiconductor fabrication process, and each of the micro-battery units is controlled by the at least one micro control unit therein to determine whether to make the at least one energy storage unit electrically connected to the connecting network, so that each of the at least one charging and discharging port is electrically connected with a corresponding micro-battery configuration.

Abstract: An intelligent sensing touch display device capable of being responsive to an application program to selectively perform a touch detection procedure on a first electrode group and/or on an active array unit, where a controller is coupled with a touch and display driving unit, the controller has a wireless communication port and/or a switching circuit for controlling at least one external device, and is used for performing a switching control procedure, the switching control procedure including steps of: receiving information of at least one touched button icon provided by the touch and display driving unit; generating at least one switching command according to the information of at least one touched button icon; and transmitting the at least one switching command via the wireless communication port and/or the switching circuit to control the at least one external device.

Abstract: A software defined input operation sensing system, including: at least one input operation sensing device, each having at least two sensing functions; at least one driving unit, used for driving the at least one input operation sensing device according to at least one operation configuration command, each of the at least one operation configuration command including a sensing function selecting instruction for selecting a sensing function from the at least two sensing functions, and/or a sensing spec setting instruction for determining a sensing signal detection mode and a sensed data output format; and at least one processing unit for configuring the at least one driving unit according to an application program to determine at least one content of the at least one operation configuration command, and the at least one processing unit including at least one function library for use in determining the at least one operation configuration command.

Abstract: An intelligent sensing touch display device capable of being responsive to an application program to selectively perform a touch detection procedure on a first electrode group and/or on an active array unit, where a controller has a memory for storing background image data, and data of at least one object image, and is used for performing a local operation procedure including steps of: receiving location information of at least one touched GUI object provided by a touch and display driving unit and transmitting the location information to a main processing unit; receiving updated image data for at least one GUI object image from the main processing unit; combining the updated image data with the background image data to form locally updated display image data and transmitting the locally updated display image data to the touch and display driving unit.

Abstract: An intelligent sensing touch display device capable of being responsive to an application program to selectively perform a touch detection procedure on a first electrode group and/or on an active array unit, where a controller has a memory for storing background image data, and data of at least one object image, and is used for performing a local operation procedure including steps of: receiving location information of at least one touched GUI object provided by a touch and display driving unit and transmitting the location information to a main processing unit; receiving updated image data for at least one GUI object image from the main processing unit; combining the updated image data with the background image data to form locally updated display image data and transmitting the locally updated display image data to the touch and display driving unit.

Abstract: An intelligent sensing touch display device capable of being responsive to an application program to selectively perform a touch detection procedure on a first electrode group and/or on an active array unit, where a controller is coupled with a touch and display driving unit, the controller has a wireless communication port and/or a switching circuit for controlling at least one external device, and is used for performing a switching control procedure, the switching control procedure including steps of: receiving information of at least one touched button icon provided by the touch and display driving unit; generating at least one switching command according to the information of at least one touched button icon; and transmitting the at least one switching command via the wireless communication port and/or the switching circuit to control the at least one external device.

Abstract: An intelligent hybrid touch display device, including: a touch display unit; a rotary mechanical switch, being integrated with the touch display unit in a body; and a control unit, located in the body and including: a first interface for driving the touch display unit; a second interface coupled with the rotary mechanical switch; a touch and switch detection unit coupled with the first interface and the second interface; a transmission interface for communicating with at least one external device; and a processor and an operating system stored in a memory, the processor being coupled with the touch and switch detection unit and the transmission interface, and being used for executing a control program with a support of the operating system, so that the touch display unit and the rotary mechanical switch can cooperate to provide a hybrid operation for selecting, changing or activating function options.

Abstract: An intelligent sensing touch display device, including a first electrode group, a display material layer or a display and touch sensing material layer, an active array unit and a touch and display driving unit to provide at least one AC path touch sensing unit, and a plurality of the AC path touch sensing units being able to be connected to form a combined AC path touch sensing unit, so that the touch and display driving unit can be responsive to an application program to perform a first touch detection procedure on the first electrode group, or perform a second touch detection procedure on the active array unit, or perform the first touch detection procedure on the first electrode group, and then perform the second touch detection procedure on at least one area of the active array unit.

Abstract: An intelligent sensing touch display device, including a first electrode group, a display material layer or a display and touch sensing material layer, an active array unit and a touch and display driving unit to provide at least one AC path touch sensing unit, and a plurality of the AC path touch sensing units being able to be connected to form a combined AC path touch sensing unit, so that the touch and display driving unit can be responsive to an application program to perform a first touch detection procedure on the first electrode group, or perform a second touch detection procedure on the active array unit, or perform the first touch detection procedure on the first electrode group, and then perform the second touch detection procedure on at least one area of the active array unit.

Abstract: A software defined input operation sensing system, including: at least one input operation sensing device, each having at least two sensing functions; at least one driving unit, used for driving the at least one input operation sensing device according to at least one operation configuration command, each of the at least one operation configuration command including a sensing function selecting instruction for selecting a sensing function from the at least two sensing functions, and/or a sensing spec setting instruction for determining a sensing signal detection mode and a sensed data output format; and at least one processing unit for configuring the at least one driving unit according to an application program to determine at least one content of the at least one operation configuration command, and the at least one processing unit including at least one function library for use in determining the at least one operation configuration command.

Abstract: An intelligent touch sensing device, including: a first electrode group having a first plurality of first electrodes; a second electrode group having a second plurality of second electrodes, each of the second electrodes being coupled with at least one active switch and the second plurality being larger than the first plurality; and a touch detection unit coupled with the first electrode group and with the second electrode group for performing a first touch detection procedure or performing the first detection procedure and then a second touch detection procedure as optionally required by an application program, the first touch detection procedure being acting on the first electrode group, and the second touch detection procedure being acting on at least one region of the second electrode group, wherein the at least one region is determined according to a detection result of the first touch detection procedure.

Abstract: A software-defined sensing system capable of responding to CPU commands, including: at least one input operation sensing module; at least one driving unit for driving the at least one input operation sensing module via at least one first interface; at least one control unit for receiving at least one sensors-configuration command via at least one second interface to control the at least one driving unit; at least one central processing unit, having at least one first function library to provide at least one sensors-configuration setting function for determining the sensors-configuration command; and at least one application program having at least one sensors-configuration function call instruction for generating the sensors-configuration command to provide at least one input sensing function.

Abstract: An intelligent hybrid touch display device, including: a touch display unit; a rotary mechanical switch, being integrated with the touch display unit in a body; and a control unit, located in the body and including: a first interface for driving the touch display unit; a second interface coupled with the rotary mechanical switch; a touch and switch detection unit coupled with the first interface and the second interface; a transmission interface for communicating with at least one external device; and a processor and an operating system stored in a memory, the processor being coupled with the touch and switch detection unit and the transmission interface, and being used for executing a control program with a support of the operating system, so that the touch display unit and the rotary mechanical switch can cooperate to provide a hybrid operation for selecting, changing or activating function options.

Abstract: A hybrid touch button, including: a touch display unit having a touch display area; a mechanical switch having a plurality of conductive contacts; and a control unit, having a power interface for coupling with a power source, a first interface coupled with the touch display area, a second interface coupled with the plurality of conductive contacts, and an output interface, wherein the control unit derives first input information from the first interface and second input information from the second interface, and determines an output configuration of the output interface according to the first input information and the second input information.

Abstract: A touch display driving circuit capable of responding to CPU commands, including: a first interface receiving touch configuration data from a CPU and outputting touch report data to the CPU; a second interface coupling with a touch display module; a control unit executing a touch detection procedure on the touch display module via the second interface to derive touch detected data, and processing the touch detected data to generate the touch report data, wherein the touch detection procedure is determined according to the touch configuration data determining a connection configuration of at least one multiplexer and a weighting configuration of at least one touch point, and the content of the touch report data include a sensed pressure profile, a finger print, a palm print, an ear image, characteristics of a finger print, characteristics of a palm print, or characteristics of an ear image.

Abstract: A flat self-luminous touch switch, including: a self-luminous touch unit, including at least one flat self-luminous pixel and a pixel driving interface; and a switch control unit, including a first driving interface and a second driving interface, wherein, the first driving interface is coupled with the pixel driving interface to provide at least one pixel driving signal and transmit a touch detection signal; and the second driving interface provides an analog switch channel and/or at least one digital output signal according to a detection result of the touch detection signal.

Abstract: An intelligent touch sensing device, including: a first electrode group having a first plurality of first electrodes; a second electrode group having a second plurality of second electrodes, each of the second electrodes being coupled with at least one active switch and the second plurality being larger than the first plurality; and a touch detection unit coupled with the first electrode group and with the second electrode group for performing a first touch detection procedure or performing the first detection procedure and then a second touch detection procedure as optionally required by an application program, the first touch detection procedure being acting on the first electrode group, and the second touch detection procedure being acting on at least one region of the second electrode group, wherein the at least one region is determined according to a detection result of the first touch detection procedure.