Abstract: An extreme ultra violet (EUV) radiation source apparatus includes a collector mirror, a target droplet generator for generating a tin (Sn) droplet, a rotatable debris collection device, one or more coils for generating an inductively coupled plasma (ICP), a gas inlet for providing a source gas for the ICP, and a chamber enclosing at least the collector mirror and the rotatable debris collection device. The gas inlet and the one or more coils are configured such that the ICP is spaced apart from the collector mirror.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for aligning a master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) system. The method includes ramping up a pumping power input into a laser amplifier chain of the MOPA system until the pumping power input reaches an operational pumping power input level; adjusting a seed laser power output of a seed laser of the MOPA system until the seed laser power output is at a first level below an operational seed laser power output level; and performing a first optical alignment process to the MOPA system while the pumping power input is at the operational pumping power input level, the seed laser power output is at the first level, and the MOPA system reaches a steady operational thermal state.

Abstract: The present invention provides a second use of mitochondria, which can cure a tendon injury-related disease and prevent a disease caused by a tendon injury. Specifically, the mitochondria disclosed in the present invention have the effect of repairing injured tendon cells and accelerating the healing of the tendon cells. Therefore, by administering a predetermined amount of mitochondria or a composition containing a predetermined amount of mitochondria to a part with a tendon injury, wound healing of the part with the tendon injury can be promoted, thus achieving the effect of repairing the injured tendon and further preventing a joint disease caused by the tendon injury or inflammation.

Abstract: The embodiments according to the present disclosure provide a protective solution, a kit, and a method for isolating mitochondria. The kit includes an extraction tube, a protective solution, and a suction needle. The extraction tube is used to contain cells. The protective solution is used to mix with the cells in the extraction tube to form a mixture solution, and the osmolarity of the protective solution is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 220 mOsm/L. The suction needle is used to suck the mixed solution back and forth to facilitate the release of mitochondria from cells. This method and the protective solution may isolate mitochondria from cells with high efficiency in a simple and convenient way, and the isolated mitochondria have excellent good function.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a use of a mitochondrial extract to treat and/or prevent a kidney injury-related disease. Specifically, by administering the mitochondrial extract disclosed in the present invention to a patient having a kidney injury-related disease, the kidney injury-related disease can be effectively alleviated and prevented from deterioration.

Abstract: The composition for improving liver function of the present disclosure includes at least one of mitochondria from autologous cells and exogenous mitochondria, and stem cells. The composition may decrease GOT and GPT indices, indicating the composition of the present disclosure may repair damaged liver and improve the regeneration ability of the damaged liver. The composition of the present disclosure may improve albumin synthesis, prothrombin synthesis and bilirubin metabolism of the liver, indicating the composition of the present disclosure may improve liver's ability of synthesis and metabolism.

Abstract: A use of a ramie extract in preparing a composition for anti-aging is provided. The composition containing ramie extract can improve the function and activity of mitochondria and telomerase and protect mitochondria from oxidative stress, including decrease in the proton leakage, increase in the ATP production, increase in the spare respiratory capacity, increase in the maximal respiratory capacity, or increase in the ATP coupling efficiency.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a use of mitochondria to promote wound repair and/or healing. Specifically, when a certain amount of mitochondria or a composition containing a certain amount of mitochondria is administered to a wound, the effect of promoting wound repair or accelerating wound healing can be effectively achieved.

Abstract: The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a composition including mitochondria. By providing the mitochondria to cartilage, the composition can improve the mitochondrial function of the chondrocytes in the cartilage so as to increase the repair ability of the chondrocytes and repair the cartilage damage caused by aging of the chondrocytes, thereby achieving the purpose of treating osteoarthritis.

Abstract: The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a cell culture composition and a use thereof, and the cell culture composition includes a culture medium and mitochondria. The cell culture composition including mitochondria can promote cell growth and improve the function of the damaged or aged stem cells, thereby improving overall cell growth.

Abstract: The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a manufacturing method of mitochondria-rich plasma. The mitochondria-rich plasma can increase the cell viability of damaged cells, decrease the cellular senescence level, repair the oxidative damage of cells, and relieve the inflammation of hair follicles so as to achieve the purpose of promoting hair regrowth.

Abstract: An agent for cryopreservation includes trehalose, HEPES and serum albumin. The agent for cryopreservation does not include potassium chloride, sodium chloride, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.

Abstract: A use of an emblica extract in preparing a pharmaceutical composition for protecting mitochondria in retina is provided. When the pharmaceutical composition, which comprises the emblica extract, is provided to retinal cells, a use of the pharmaceutical composition comprises improvement of the ability of performing the oxidative phosphorylation for the synthesis of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by the mitochondria in the retinal cells under or exposed to ultraviolet light, and improvement of the coupling efficiency of the synthesis of the adenosine triphosphate by the mitochondria.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a method for treating and/or preventing Alzheimer's disease, especially using mitochondria for treatment and/or prevention of Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: A cell for treating neurodegenerative disease treated with angelica extract is provided. The pharmaceutical composition comprises the cell for treating neurodegenerative disease and can significantly increase and recover the number of dopaminergic neurons to achieve the goal for treating neurodegenerative disease.

Abstract: The present disclosure is related to a method for improving mitochondria in a cell, comprising step of treating the cell with an extraction of Emblica officinalis, for improving ability of mitochondria to perform oxidative phosphorylation and synthesize adenosine triphosphate. The present disclosure is also related to a method for promoting proliferation of a stem cell, comprising step of treating the stem cell with an extraction of Emblica officinalis, for improving division rate of the stem cell.

Abstract: The present disclosure is related to a method for improving mitochondria in a cell, comprising step of treating the cell with an extraction of Emblica officinalis, for improving ability of mitochondria to perform oxidative phosphorylation and synthesize adenosine triphosphate. The present disclosure is also related to a method for promoting proliferation of a stem cell, comprising step of treating the stem cell with an extraction of Emblica officinalis, for improving division rate of the stem cell.

Abstract: The present disclosure is related to a method for improving mitochondria in a cell, comprising step of treating the cell with an extraction of Emblica officinalis, for improving ability of mitochondria to perform oxidative phosphorylation and synthesize adenosine triphosphate. The present disclosure is also related to a method for promoting proliferation of a stem cell, comprising step of treating the stem cell with an extraction of Emblica officinalis, for improving division rate of the stem cell.

Abstract: A cell for treating neurodegenerative disease treated with angelica extract is provided. The pharmaceutical composition comprises the cell for treating neurodegenerative disease and can significantly increase and recover the number of dopaminergic neurons to achieve the goal for treating neurodegenerative disease.

Abstract: A use of an emblica extract in preparing a pharmaceutical composition for protecting mitochondria in retina is provided. When the pharmaceutical composition, which comprises the emblica extract, is provided to retinal cells, a use of the pharmaceutical composition comprises improvement of the ability of performing the oxidative phosphorylation for the synthesis of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by the mitochondria in the retinal cells under or exposed to ultraviolet light, and improvement of the coupling efficiency of the synthesis of the adenosine triphosphate by the mitochondria.