Abstract: The present specification relates to a conductive structure body, a method for manufacturing the same, and an electrode and an electronic device including the conductive structure body.

Abstract: A pattern film, a transmittance variable device comprising the same, and a method for manufacturing a transmittance variable device are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a pattern film includes a first base layer, and a spacer pattern formed on the first base layer, wherein the spacer pattern comprises a partition wall spacer and a ball spacer, wherein the ball spacer is one of embedded in, partially embedded in, or in contact with the partition wall spacer, and wherein an area of the spacer pattern per unit area of the first base layer is 5% or greater to 17% or less.

Abstract: A light modulating device is disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a light modulating device includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a light modulation layer, and a retardation film, wherein each of the first and second substrates has a first surface and a second surface, wherein the first and second surfaces are disposed opposite to each other, wherein the first surfaces of the first and second substrates face each other, wherein the light modulation layer is disposed between the first and second substrates, wherein the retardation film is formed on the second surface of the first substrate or the second substrate, and wherein the retardation film has an in-plane phase difference in a range of 100 nm to 300 nm for light having a wavelength of 550 nm. The light modulating device can be control omnidirectional light leakage in a black mode while having excellent optical properties and mechanical properties.

Abstract: A light modulating device is disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a light modulating device includes a light modulation film layer, wherein the light modulation film layer includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer, wherein the liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first and second substrates, wherein the liquid crystal layer and is capable of implementing twisted orientation, and wherein a K value is in a range of 0.15 to 0.4. The light modulation device can stably maintain designed optical properties even after an encapsulation process in which a pressure is applied, such as an autoclave process. The light modulating device can also stably maintain the orientation state of the light modulation layer while effectively securing adhesive force between upper and lower substrates.

Abstract: The present application relates to a method for producing a substrate which includes a step of exposing and developing a photosensitive resin composition layer formed on a surface of a substrate base layer to produce spacers. The method for producing a substrate of the present application can uniformly form spacers having a height according to a desired cell gap and can also freely control the height of the spacers.

Abstract: A substrate, an optical device include the same, and a method of making the same are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a substrate includes a base layer, a plurality of column spacers disposed on the base layer, and a ball spacer attached to or embedded in at least one of the plurality of column spacers. The spacers having excellent dimensional accuracy and adhesiveness on the substrate.

Abstract: A substrate and a method for producing the same are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a substrate includes a base layer, a black layer formed on the base layer, and column spacers formed on the black layer, wherein a loss rate of spacers measured by a peel test is 15% or less. The substrate can have excellent adhesiveness of the spacer to the base layer or the black layer and ensuring appropriate darkening properties. The method can effectively produce such a substrate without adverse effects such as occurrence of foreign materials without separate treatment such as heat treatment.

Abstract: A pattern film, a method for manufacturing a pattern film, and a transmittance variable device comprising the same are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a pattern film includes a base layer, and a spacer pattern formed on the base layer, the spacer pattern comprises a partition wall spacer comprises a plurality of spacer dots and a spacer line connecting the spacer dots, and a ball spacer, the ball spacer is one of embedded in, partially embedded in, or in contact with the partition wall spacer, when any 3 or more spacer dots are selected, the spacer line forms a closed figure having the selected spacer dots at the vertices thereof, the selected spacer dots are not present inside the closed figure, a length of at least one side of the closed figure is different from lengths of the remaining sides, and each spacer dot has irregularity of 50% or greater.

Abstract: The polarizing plate laminate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a polarizer; an adhesive agent layer or a bonding agent layer provided on the polarizer; a viewing angle compensation film provided on the adhesive agent layer or the bonding agent layer; and a base film provided on the viewing angle compensation film.

Abstract: A pattern film, a transmittance variable device comprising the same, and a method for manufacturing a transmittance variable device are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a pattern film includes a first base layer, and a spacer pattern formed on the first base layer, wherein the spacer pattern comprises a partition wall spacer and a ball spacer, wherein the ball spacer is one of embedded in, partially embedded in, or in contact with the partition wall spacer, and wherein an area of the spacer pattern per unit area of the first base layer is 5% or greater to 17% or less.

Abstract: A substrate on which a specific type spacer is formed, a substrate comprising an alignment film formed on the spacer, and an optical device using such a substrate are disclosed herein. By controlling the shape of the spacer formed on the substrate, even when the alignment film is formed on the top of the spacer and the orientation treatment is performed, the uniform orientation treatment can be performed without any influence by the step or the like of the spacer, whereby a substrate or the like capable of providing a device having excellent optical performance can be provided.

Abstract: A substrate on which spacers are disposed in a certain arrangement state and an optical device using such a substrate are provided. A plurality of spacers are irregularly disposed on a substrate depending on a predetermined rule, so that overall uniform optical characteristics can be ensured without causing a so-called moire phenomenon or the like, while the spacers maintain the uniform cell gap in the construction of the optical device.

Abstract: A substrate having a spacer formed thereon, a method of making the same, and an optical device including the same are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a substrate includes a base layer, and a black column spacer formed on the base layer, wherein the black column spacer has an optical density in a range of 1.1 to 4, and wherein the black column spacer having a curved portion, wherein a cross section of the curved portion having at least one region having curvature.

Abstract: A substrate and a method for producing the same are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a substrate includes a base layer, a black layer formed on the base layer, and column spacers formed on the black layer, wherein a loss rate of spacers measured by a peel test is 15% or less. The substrate can have excellent adhesiveness of the spacer to the base layer or the black layer and ensuring appropriate darkening properties. The method can effectively produce such a substrate without adverse effects such as occurrence of foreign materials without separate treatment such as heat treatment.

Abstract: The polarizing plate laminate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a polarizer; an adhesive agent layer or a bonding agent layer provided on the polarizer; a viewing angle compensation film provided on the adhesive agent layer or the bonding agent layer; and a base film provided on the viewing angle compensation film.

Abstract: A substrate and a method for producing the same are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a substrate includes a base layer, a black layer formed on the base layer, and column spacers formed on the black layer, wherein a loss rate of spacers measured by a peel test is 15% or less. The substrate can have excellent adhesiveness of the spacer to the base layer or the black layer and ensuring appropriate darkening properties. The method can effectively produce such a substrate without adverse effects such as occurrence of foreign materials without separate treatment such as heat treatment.

Abstract: A substrate having a spacer thereon and an optical device including the same are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a substrate includes a base layer, a transparent column spacer formed on the base layer, and a black layer present between the transparent column spacer and the base layer. In some embodiments, an alignment film is present on the spacer.

Abstract: A substrate, an optical device include the same, and a method of making the same are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a substrate includes a base layer, a plurality of column spacers disposed on the base layer, and a ball spacer attached to or embedded in at least one of the plurality of column spacers. The spacers having excellent dimensional accuracy and adhesiveness on the substrate.

Abstract: The present application relates to a film mask comprising: a transparent substrate; a darkened light-shielding pattern layer provided on the transparent substrate; and an embossed pattern part provided on a surface of the transparent substrate, which is provided with the darkened light-shielding pattern layer, a method for manufacturing the same, a method for forming a pattern by using the same, and a pattern formed by using the same.

Abstract: The present application relates to a film mask including: a transparent substrate; a darkened light-shielding pattern layer provided on the transparent substrate; and a release force enhancement layer provided on the darkened light-shielding pattern layer and having surface energy of 30 dynes/cm or less, a method for manufacturing the same, and a method for forming a pattern using the film mask.