Abstract: An encoder includes circuitry and memory coupled to the circuitry. The circuitry: executes a second process of applying a second filter to the first image to generate a second image, not holding the second image as a reference image, holding the first image as a reference image, and displaying the second image; writes coefficients of each of one or more filter candidates that are candidates for the second filter into a bitstream, wherein the coefficients are included in a first storage location when written into the bitstream; and writes a parameter that specifies, for each image, one of the one or more filter candidates as the second filter into the bitstream, wherein the parameter is included in a second storage location when written into the bitstream, and the second storage location is different from the first storage location.

Abstract: An electronic device, including a metal back cover, a ground radiator, a third radiator, and a metal frame including a first cutting opening, a second cutting opening, a first radiator located between the first cutting opening and the second cutting opening, and a second radiator located beside the second cutting opening and separated from the first radiator by the second cutting opening, is provided. An end of a first slot formed between the metal back cover and a first part of the first radiator is communicated with the first cutting opening, and a second slot formed between the metal back cover and a second part of the first radiator and between the metal back cover and the second radiator is communicated with the second cutting opening. The ground radiator connects the metal back cover and the first radiator and separates the first slot from the second slot.

Abstract: Thermal dissipation and grounding of integrated circuit (IC) devices with backside power delivery networks are discussed. An IC device layer between frontside and backside interconnect sections, composed mostly of an insulating material, is coupled to a crystalline heat spreader or a metal thermal ground layer by an array of thermal pillars extending through the insulating material. The crystalline heat spreader layer may include one or more thermal sensors, such as thermal sensing diodes, also coupled to the IC device layer by one or more thermal pillars. The IC device layer and crystalline layers are coupled by a hybrid bond, which forms the thermal pillars through a continuous section of the insulating material.

Abstract: An encoder: includes circuitry, and memory coupled to the circuitry; stores a first parameter into a bitstream, the first parameter indicating whether a syntax element related to a chroma tool offset is present in the bitstream; when the first parameter indicates that the syntax element is present in the bitstream, (i) stores, in the bitstream, one or more second parameters that are used in deblocking filtering for a chroma sample of a current image, in addition to the syntax element, (ii) performs the deblocking filtering using the one or more second parameters, and (iii) encodes the current image; and when the first parameter indicates that the syntax element is not present in the bitstream, encodes the current image without storing the one or more second parameters into the bitstream.

Abstract: An encoder includes circuitry and memory. The circuitry, in operation, generates a first coefficient value by applying a CCALF (cross component adaptive loop filtering) process to a first reconstructed image sample of a luma component. The circuitry generates a second coefficient value by applying an ALF (adaptive loop filtering) process to a second reconstructed image sample of a chroma component. The circuitry generates a third coefficient value by adding the first coefficient value to the second coefficient value, and encodes a third reconstructed image sample of the chroma component using the third coefficient value. In the CCALF process, in response to a coordinate of the second reconstructed image sample being (x, y), coordinates of the first reconstructed image samples are (2x, 2y?1), (2x?1, 2y), (2x, 2y), (2x+1, 2y), (2x?1, 2y+1), (2x, 2y+1), (2x+1, 2y+1), and (2x, 2y+2).

Abstract: An encoder includes circuitry and memory. The circuitry, in operation, generates a first coefficient value by applying a CCALF (cross component adaptive loop filtering) process to a first reconstructed image sample of a luma component. The circuitry generates a second coefficient value by applying an ALF (adaptive loop filtering) process to a second reconstructed image sample of a chroma component. The circuitry generates a third coefficient value by adding the first coefficient value to the second coefficient value, and encodes a third reconstructed image sample of the chroma component using the third coefficient value. In the CCALF process, in response to a coordinate of the second reconstructed image sample being (x, y), coordinates of the first reconstructed image samples are (2x, 2y?1), (2x?1, 2y), (2x, 2y), (2x+1, 2y), (2x?1, 2y+1), (2x, 2y+1), (2x+1, 2y+1), and (2x, 2y+2).

Abstract: An encoder includes circuitry and memory coupled to the circuitry. The circuitry: executes a second process of applying a second filter to the first image to generate a second image, not holding the second image as a reference image, holding the first image as a reference image, and displaying the second image; writes coefficients of each of one or more filter candidates that are candidates for the second filter into a bitstream, wherein the coefficients are included in a first storage location when written into the bitstream; and writes a parameter that specifies, for each image, one of the one or more filter candidates as the second filter into the bitstream, wherein the parameter is included in a second storage location when written into the bitstream, and the second storage location is different from the first storage location.

Abstract: An encoder includes circuitry and memory coupled to the circuitry. In operation, the circuitry: encodes information for deriving a parameter into a header of a bitstream; filters reconstructed samples in a first image using a filtering process, to generate a second image; determines whether the parameter has a predefined value; encodes a third image using the second image when the parameter has the predefined value; and encodes the third image using the first image when the parameter does not have the predefined value.

Abstract: An encoder includes circuitry and memory coupled to the circuitry. The circuitry, in response to a first reconstructed image sample being located outside a virtual boundary, duplicates a reconstructed sample located inside and adjacent to the virtual boundary to generate the first reconstructed image sample. The circuitry generates a first coefficient value by applying a CCALF (cross component adaptive loop filtering) process to the first reconstructed image sample of a luma component. The circuitry generates a second coefficient value by applying an ALF (adaptive loop filtering) process to a second reconstructed image sample of a chroma component. The circuitry generates a third coefficient value by adding the first coefficient value to the second coefficient value, and encodes a third reconstructed image sample of the chroma component using the third coefficient value.

Abstract: An encoder includes circuitry and memory coupled to the circuitry. The circuitry, in operation, generates a first coefficient value by applying a CCALF (cross component adaptive loop filtering) process to a first reconstructed image sample of a luma component, generates a second coefficient value by applying an ALF (adaptive loop filtering) process to a second reconstructed image sample of a chroma component, and clips the second coefficient value. The circuitry generates a third coefficient value by adding the first coefficient value to the clipped second coefficient value, and clips the third coefficient value. The circuitry encodes a third reconstructed image sample of the chroma component using the clipped third coefficient value.

Abstract: An encoder includes circuitry and memory. The circuitry, in operation, generates a first coefficient value by applying a CCALF (cross component adaptive loop filtering) process to a first reconstructed image sample of a luma component. The circuitry generates a second coefficient value by applying an ALF (adaptive loop filtering) process to a second reconstructed image sample of a chroma component. The circuitry generates a third coefficient value by adding the first coefficient value to the second coefficient value, and encodes a third reconstructed image sample of the chroma component using the third coefficient value. The circuitry determines a first parameter having the same value for Cb component and Cr component of the chroma component. The circuitry determines, using the first parameter, a model of entropy coding from a plurality of models. The circuitry performs, using the model, the entropy coding of a second parameter of the CCALF process.

Abstract: An endovascular management and tracking system comprises a track and at least one shuttle to which at least one elongate medical device can be respectively affixed. Each of the shuttle(s) is configured for being mechanically coupled to the track. Each of the shuttle(s) comprises a sled configured for riding on the track, an axial drive mechanism carried by the sled and configured for being actuated to axially translate the respective shuttle along the track, and a first actuator carried by the sled and configured for actuating the axial drive mechanism.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a metal back cover, a metal frame, and a first, second, third, and fourth radiators. The metal frame includes a discrete part and two connection parts. The connection parts are located by two sides of the discrete part, separated from the discrete part, and connected to the metal back cover. A U-shaped slot is formed between the discrete part and the metal back cover and between the discrete part and the connection parts. The first radiator is separated from the discrete part and includes a feed end. The second, third, and fourth radiators are connected to the discrete part and the metal back cover. The third radiator is located between the first and second radiators. The first radiator is located between the third and fourth radiators. The discrete part and the first, second, third, and fourth radiators form an antenna module together.

Abstract: An electronic device, including a metal back cover, a ground radiator, a third radiator, and a metal frame including a first cutting opening, a second cutting opening, a first radiator located between the first cutting opening and the second cutting opening, and a second radiator located beside the second cutting opening and separated from the first radiator by the second cutting opening, is provided. An end of a first slot formed between the metal back cover and a first part of the first radiator is communicated with the first cutting opening, and a second slot formed between the metal back cover and a second part of the first radiator and between the metal back cover and the second radiator is communicated with the second cutting opening. The ground radiator connects the metal back cover and the first radiator and separates the first slot from the second slot.

Abstract: An electronic device including a metal housing, a first antenna module, and a second antenna module is disclosed. The metal housing includes a back cover and a frame, the frame is located on a side of the back cover, and a slot is arranged between the back cover and the frame. The frame includes two slits and a segment, and the two slits are connected with the slot to form a U shape. The segment is surrounded by the two slits and the slot. The first antenna module includes an antenna radiator formed by the segment. The antenna radiator is coupled to the back cover across the slot through multiple connecting portions. The second antenna module is disposed on the connecting portions to be coupled to the back cover and grounded, and an antenna coupling gap exists between the second antenna module and the frame.

Abstract: An imager for simultaneously taking full color pictures and fluorescence images from the same perspectives, top-down and side views, is presented that uses multiple cameras looking at the same stage through a beamsplitter and light sources for each view. The imager is configured to work with a particular fluorophore, or at least a predetermined fluorescence excitation wavelength and emission wavelength. A broadband white light source projects through a shortpass or other filter with a cut-off wavelength either lower than or between the excitation and emission wavelengths. Another shortpass or other filter is in front of a color camera with a cut-off wavelength below that of the emission wavelength, while a monochrome fluorescence camera may or may not have additional filters to bring out the fluorescence. These filters may be built into a dichroic mirror of the beamsplitter. In addition, digital processing may boost frequencies in the color image that were dampened by the filters.

Abstract: Machine-readable media and computer systems are provided for the highlighting of features in composite images through the alternating of images having complementary colors. An image having a feature of interest is used to generate one or more pseudo color images. A series of a pseudo color images and one or more additional pseudo color or original color images are then alternately displayed so that the differently colored regions among the series of images are easily recognizable to an operator. The differently colored regions differ in having hues that are complementary to one another. The methods are particularly useful for the display of information using two or more imaging modalities and channels, such as is the case for some medical applications in which a natural-light image of pink or light-red tissue with deeper red or blue vasculature is overlaid with another functional image.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for the detecting and presenting of faint signals from a real-time interactive imager. A real-time view of a subject is controlled by a user by entering commands that move the subject or a camera used to record the real-time view. The rate of this movement is monitored, and when the rate descends below a preset value, a trigger is sent to the camera. In response to the trigger, the camera switches to a lower frame frequency for capturing the real-time view of the subject, thereby increasing the amount of light collected in each frame, and increasing the sensitivity of the camera to faint signals. The methods and systems are particularly relevant for surgical or biopsy imaging, in which both a higher frame rate preview image of a subject for 3D visualization, and a higher sensitivity fluorescence image of the subject for tumor margin assessment, are desired.

Abstract: Methods are provided for the highlighting of features in composite images through the alternating of images having complementary colors. An image having a feature of interest is used to generate one or more pseudo color images. A series of a pseudo color images and one or more additional pseudo color or original color images are then alternately displayed so that the differently colored regions among the series of images are easily recognizable to an operator. The differently colored regions differ in having hues that are complementary to one another. The methods are particularly useful for the display of information using two or more imaging modalities and channels, such as is the case for some medical applications in which a natural-light image of pink or light-red tissue with deeper red or blue vasculature is overlaid with another functional image.

Abstract: Methods for determining surgical margins using an imaging device are described that use multiple cameras to image a biological sample on a turntable bathed in white light or fluorescing due to a systemically administered dye. Fluorescence farther away from an excitation light source can be compensated upon determining a 3-D position of portions of the sample. The turntable is turned and tilted in order to take enough images to prepare an animation of the sample. In a graphical user interface, the animation can be stopped, zoomed, and tilted per a user's gesture, touch, tablet-tilting, or other commands. The image manipulation can be with touch gestures entered using a sterilizable or disposable touch pen.