Abstract: A method of, and arrangement for, producing shaped hollow metal objects by a hot process. A metal hollow semi-finished-product with at least one opening is heated to a forming temperature and placed into a cavity, whose shape corresponds to the desired final external shape of the hollow object. Then the cavity is sealed and water and/or steam is introduced therein. After the final shape of the semi-finished-product is achieved, the semi-finished-product is removed. The cavity is formed by a split mould, whose opening's entry edge has an expanded portion, against which a sealing feature is oriented. The outer surface of the sealing feature is arranged to close against this expanded portion. The sealing feature is also provided with a means of supply of water and/or steam, and a tube through which the water and/or steam is supplied. This tube extends into the interior space of the semi-finished-product, and can be provided with nozzles.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of manufacturing steel parts of sheet metal by hot deep drawing characterized by bringing the semi-finished product into austenitic condition by heating, subsequently cooling its locations, which would undergo undesirable deformation, to a temperature below the austenite temperature, and then completing the forming process.

Abstract: A method of hot forming hybrid parts wherein side-by-side with a thin-walled piece of steel stock, which has been heated to austenite temperature, another piece of stock of another formable metal is placed, The processing temperature of this formable metal corresponds to the temperature at which quenching of the steel stock is interrupted within an interval between the Ms and Mf temperatures. The steel stock and formable metal are then formed together, while the temperature decreases to a temperature which is close to the forming tool temperature. Next, the resulting semi-finished product is cooled to the ambient temperature.

Abstract: A method of, and arrangement for, producing shaped hollow metal objects by a hot process. A metal hollow semi-finished-product with at least one opening is heated to a forming temperature and placed into a cavity, whose shape corresponds to the desired final external shape of the hollow object. Then the cavity is sealed and water and/or steam is introduced therein. After the final shape of the semi-finished-product is achieved, the semi-finished-product is removed. The cavity is formed by a split mould, whose opening's entry edge has an expanded portion, against which a sealing feature is oriented. The outer surface of the sealing feature is arranged to close against this expanded portion. The sealing feature is also provided with a means of supply of water and/or steam, and a tube through which the water and/or steam is supplied. This tube extends into the interior space of the semi-finished-product, and can be provided with nozzles.

Abstract: A method of producing a microstructure of a high-alloy steel includes heating the metal stock to a temperature between 1270° C. and 1280° C., at a rate between 40° C./s and 45° C./s, followed by compression applied to the metal stock in a thixotropic process, after which the stock is cooled to ambient temperature. A microstructure is also shown, which includes undissolved metal carbides in the form of globular particles of austenite microstructure and of martensite microstructure.

Abstract: A method of hot forming hybrid parts wherein side-by-side with a thin-walled piece of steel stock, which has been heated to austenite temperature, another piece of stock of another formable metal is placed, The processing temperature of this formable metal corresponds to the temperature at which quenching of the steel stock is interrupted within an interval between the Ms and Mf temperatures. The steel stock and formable metal are then formed together, while the temperature decreases to a temperature which is close to the forming tool temperature. Next, the resulting semi-finished product is cooled to the ambient temperature.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of manufacturing steel parts of sheet metal by hot deep drawing characterized by bringing the semi-finished product into austenitic condition by heating, subsequently cooling its locations, which would undergo undesirable deformation, to a temperature below the austenite temperature, and then completing the forming process.

Abstract: A method of producing a microstructure of a high-alloy steel includes heating the metal stock to a temperature between 1270° C. and 1280° C., at a rate between 40° C./s and 45° C./s, followed by compression applied to the metal stock in a thixotropic process, after which the stock is cooled to ambient temperature. A microstructure is also shown, which includes undissolved metal carbides in the form of globular particles of austenite microstructure and of martensite microstructure.

Abstract: A method of producing pressed metal sheet parts in an integrated process to prepare blanks of non-uniform thickness includes the steps of heating a steel sheet blank in heating equipment to the austenite region of the steel of the sheet steel blank in question, then forming the blank into a flat semi-finished product of non-uniform thickness in forming equipment, then immediately thereafter, without any further hearting of the semi-finished product, deep drawing the semi-finished product in deep drawing equipment into a final spatially shaped part. The method may further include cooling down the final spatially shaped part either during the drawing step or immediately after the deep drawing step in a manner which causes the final spatially shaped part to develop hardening microstructure, which imparts high strength to the final shaped part with non-uniform wall thickness.

Abstract: In a first step of the method of achieving TRIP microstructure in steels by deformation heat, steel feedstock is heated to a temperature below the temperature at which austenite begins to form in the steel in question, i.e. below AC1. In a next step, the feedstock is formed into a final product, using applied severe plastic deformation whereby deformation energy causes the temperature of the material to increase to the final temperature between AC1 and AC3, and whereupon the ferrite-pearlite microstructure transforms into austenite. In a third or last process step, the final product is cooled down from the final temperature to the temperature of the bainite nose of the material (B). The cooling is then interrupted and the material is held at the temperature of the bainite nose (B). Consequently, the TRIP microstructure forms. Finally, the product is cooled down to ambient temperature.

Abstract: A method of production of high-strength hollow bodies from multiphase martensitic steels includes a heating process, a forming process and a cooling process. A heating device heats hollow steel stock to the austenitic temperature of the material from which the stock is made. The stock is then converted by deformation in a forming device into a hollow body having the final shape. A cooling device thereafter cools the hollow body such that the material with the original austenite microstructure refined by deformation during the forming process cools to a temperature at which incomplete transformation of austenite to martensite occurs. The retained austenite stabilization is performed in an annealing device by diffusion-based carbon partitioning within the material from which the hollow body is made. The hollow body is cooled in a cooling device to ambient temperature after stabilization.

Abstract: According to the method of production of a steel sheet pressed part with locally modified properties, the steel sheet blank is first heated in a device for heating to the austenitic temperature of the material. Next, the steel sheet blank is converted in a tool for deep drawing by deformation into a final drawn part. Subsequently, the final drawn part is cooled inside the tool for deep drawing. Various locations of the final drawn part are cooled to various temperatures and/or at various rates during the cooling process. Thereafter, the drawn part is placed in an annealing device, where retained austenite stabilization occurs by diffusion-based carbon partitioning within the material from which the drawn part is made. After stabilization, the final drawn part is removed from the annealing device and air cooled to ambient temperature.

Abstract: A method of production of pressed sheet parts with integrated preparation of blanks of non-uniform thickness includes the steps of heating a steel sheet blank in heating equipment to the austenite region of the steel of the sheet steel blank in question, then forming the blank into a flat semi-finished product of non-uniform thickness in forming equipment, then immediately thereafter deep drawing the semi-finished product in deep drawing equipment into a final spatially shaped part. The method may further include cooling down the final spatially shaped part either during the drawing step or immediately after the deep drawing step in a manner which causes the final spatially shaped part to develop hardening microstructure, which imparts high strength to the final shaped part with non-uniform wall thickness.

Abstract: In a first step of the method of achieving TRIP microstructure in steels by deformation heat, steel feedstock is heated to a temperature below the temperature at which austenite begins to form in the steel in question, i.e. below AC1. In a next step, the feedstock is formed into a final product, using applied severe plastic deformation whereby deformation energy causes the temperature of the material to increase to the final temperature between AC1 and AC3, and whereupon the ferrite-pearlite microstructure transforms into austenite. In a third or last process step, the final product is cooled down from the final temperature to the temperature of the bainite nose of the material (B). The cooling is then interrupted and the material is held at the temperature of the bainite nose (B). Consequently, the TRIP microstructure forms. Finally, the product is cooled down to ambient temperature.

Abstract: A method of production of high-strength hollow bodies from multiphase martensitic steels includes a heating process, a forming process and a cooling process. A heating device heats hollow steel stock to the austenitic temperature of the material from which the stock is made. The stock is then converted by deformation in a forming device into a hollow body having the final shape. A cooling device thereafter cools the hollow body such that the material with the original austenite microstructure refined by deformation during the forming process cools to a temperature at which incomplete transformation of austenite to martensite occurs. The retained austenite stabilization is performed in an annealing device by diffusion-based carbon partitioning within the material from which the hollow body is made. The hollow body is cooled in a cooling device to ambient temperature after stabilization.

Abstract: According to the method of production of a steel sheet pressed part with locally modified properties, the steel sheet blank is first heated in a device for heating to the austenitic temperature of the material. Next, the steel sheet blank is converted in a tool for deep drawing by deformation into a final drawn part. Subsequently, the final drawn part is cooled inside the tool for deep drawing. Various locations of the final drawn part are cooled to various temperatures and/or at various rates during the cooling process. Thereafter, the final drawn part is placed in an annealing device, where retained austenite stabilization occurs by diffusion-based carbon partitioning within the material from which the drawn part is made. After stabilization, the final drawn part is removed from the annealing device and air cooled to ambient temperature.