Abstract: A network architecture and methods of managing packet data unit (PDU) sessions in a network are provided. The methods include PDU session establishment procedures, PDU session modification procedures, PDU session state transfer procedures, PDU session release procedures, and user equipment (UE) handover procedures.

Abstract: A positive electrode material, a preparation method therefor, and an application thereof are disclosed. The cathode material is composed of secondary particles agglomerated by primary particles; wherein individual secondary particle contains an inner core structure, a middle layer, and a shell layer, in this order, along a direction from a center to a surface of the secondary particle; wherein the middle layer is distributed in a circular ring shape; and wherein the secondary particle has a structure of close packing of an inner core structure, loose and porous middle layer, and close packing of the shell layer.

Abstract: A method of implementing a computing service on edge nodes of a communication network, where the computing service is made from a plurality of service functions, each of which is connected to another service function by a communication routine. Service functions and routines can be deployed on edge nodes and communication between any two service functions can be performed via a routine and a privacy router, with coordination from a routine manager. Service functions and routines can be grouped into tasks, which can be coordinated with task managers. Tasks can be grouped into works, which can be coordinated with work managers. Because a privacy router can perform encryption on routine communications, any of the entities implementing the computing service can be deployed on edge nodes of a communication network, and a service manager can interface with external entities.

Abstract: The present invention provides systems and methods and apparatuses for user plane handling. An aspect of the disclosure provides a method of user plane handling. Such a method includes sending, by a first user plane entity, to a second user plane entity, a trigger message for changing the user plane handling for a protocol data unit (PDU) session. Another aspect of the disclosure provides a method of using a shared tunnel. Such a method includes receiving from a reception tunnel by a first user plane entity a tunnel packet including a tunnel header and a data packet. Such a method further includes routing, by the first user plane entity to a second tunnel using information in the tunnel header without processing the data packet.

Abstract: The present application relates to a distributed antenna system, a method and an apparatus. The distributed antenna system comprises a digital-analog expansion unit and a remote cascade chain, the remote cascade chain comprising multiple remote units cascadingly connected by means of radio frequency cable, and a first remote unit of the remote cascade chain being connected to the digital-analog expansion unit by means of radio frequency cable. The digital-analog expansion unit is used to perform a baseband processing operation on a received external signal, and to perform interconversion of an analog RF signal and a digital RF signal.

Abstract: A capsule endoscope image recognition method based on deep learning, and a device and a medium is provided. After a plurality of frames of continuously captured images are processed to form an image sequence of a specific format, multi-channel recognition is performed on the plurality of frames of images by means of a 3D convolutional neural network model, and a recognition result is then output in combination with a recognition probability of each channel, such that the image recognition precision is improved.

Abstract: The present invention provides a three-dimensional reconstruction method of a capsule endoscope image, an electronic device, and a readable storage medium, which combines two algorithms for obtaining image depth information values to improve the calculation accuracy of image depth information values, and thus to increase the image three-dimensional reconstruction rate and improve the image identification precision.

Abstract: There is provided a system, a method and an apparatus for managing network resources. The system includes a plurality of wireless entities including a mobile wireless entity and a fixed location wireless entity. The system further includes a plurality of computing devices, each of the plurality of computing devices including a processor and a memory storing instructions, the instructions when executed by the processor cause the plurality of computing devices to provide a location based media access (LOMA) map manager and a LOMA path manager, the LOMA map manager configured to generate and maintain a plurality of LOMA map, each of the plurality of LOMA maps including a plurality of LOMA zones, wherein a plurality of wireless communications resources used for communication between the plurality of wireless entities are associated with each of the plurality of LOMA zones, the LOMA path manager configured to manage communications using the wireless communications resources between the wireless entities.

Abstract: Application Function (AF) influenced routing for peer-to-peer (P2P) communications is provided. Core network elements correlate PDU sessions and optimize the UP path for peer-to-peer traffic. UP selection, reselection, configuration or reconfiguration can be performed in support of P2P traffic routing. P2P traffic between a pair of UEs is routed or rerouted through a bridge. The bridge may be established between the first UP and the second UP, and/or between associated RAN nodes. One or more application functions can be included along the bridge path. A policy control function (PCF) directs underlying resources to route P2P traffic via the bridge, for example in response to a trigger from the AF. A session management function (SMF) directs underlying resources to configure or reconfigure user plane data paths to route P2P traffic via the bridge. First and second SMFs of the first and second UPs can cooperate to establish the desired traffic routing.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide methods and systems to support QoS for unicast and groupcast casting types using sidelink radio bearers over the NR PC5 interface. Embodiments of the invention provide methods and systems to configure and activate sidelink radio bearers using AS-level signaling between the Tx UE and Rx UEs over the NR PC5 interface. Embodiments of the invention provide methods and systems to perform resource allocation and resource reservation in a platoon for sidelink transmissions.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for allocating resources including VoIP (voice over Internet Protocol) and Non-VoIP resources. In some embodiments, multiplexing schemes are provided for use with OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing access) systems, for example for use in transmitting VoIP traffic. In some embodiments, various HARQ (Hybrid Automatic request) techniques are provided for use with OFDMA systems. In various embodiments, there are provided methods and systems for dealing with issues such as Handling non-full rate vocoder frames, VoIP packet jitter handling, VoIP capacity increasing schemes, persistent and non-persistent assignment of resources in OFDMA systems.

Abstract: A referenceless image evaluation method for a capsule endoscope, an electronic device, and a medium. The method comprises: acquiring image quality evaluation scores and image content evaluation scores corresponding to respective original images; and determining, according to weights of the image content evaluation scores and weights of the image quality evaluation scores, a comprehensive score for each image currently being evaluated. The referenceless image evaluation method for a capsule endoscope employs various evaluation models to evaluate the image quality and content of a number of original images taken in the same detection region. The results of these evaluations are then combined to produce comprehensive scores for the numerous original images of the same region. Through the comprehensive scores, high-quality images can be quickly screened out, and thus the screening of the original images can be accelerated and the identification accuracy be improved.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for delivering a service to an end point, such as a UE or server, via a communication network, is provided. A virtual network is pre-configured to handle service packets and includes virtual routers for routing packets via logical tunnels. The end point pre-registers with the virtual network and/or service and receives operating parameters for use in service access. The end point location may be tracked following pre-registration. The end point subsequently transmits and/or receives service packets using the operating parameters via an edge node, such as an access node or gateway. The edge node transmits service packets using the operating parameters and, upon detecting operating parameter usage by the end point, forwards received service packets to the virtual network. Operating parameters may include an identifier included in the packet. The end point may use multiple different edge nodes to access the service.

Abstract: The present invention provides systems and methods and apparatuses for user plane handling. An aspect of the disclosure provides a method of user plane handling. Such a method includes sending, by a first user plane entity, to a second user plane entity, a trigger message for changing the user plane handling for a protocol data unit (PDU) session. Another aspect of the disclosure provides a method of using a shared tunnel. Such a method includes receiving from a reception tunnel by a first user plane entity a tunnel packet including a tunnel header and a data packet. Such a method further includes routing, by the first user plane entity to a second tunnel using information in the tunnel header without processing the data packet.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for predicting an amount of water-sealed gas in a high-sulfur water-bearing gas reservoir. The method solves the problem that no method has yet been proposed for predicting the amount of water-sealed gas in a high-sulfur water-bearing gas reservoir. According to the technical solution, the method includes: considering that the volume of the gas reservoir does not change during the production of the constant-volume gas reservoir, deriving, based on a material balance method, a material balance equation of the high-sulfur water-bearing gas reservoir in consideration of water-sealed gas and water-soluble gas, solving and drawing a chart of water-sealed gas in the high-sulfur water-bearing gas reservoir by an iterative algorithm, obtaining a recovery factor of the high-sulfur water-bearing gas reservoir in consideration of water-sealed gas and water-soluble gas, and further obtaining the amount of water-seal gas in the high-sulfur water-bearing gas reservoir.

Abstract: Systems and methods on ID swapping during privacy data forwarding. An aspect of the disclosure provides a method for network communication. Such a method includes receiving, by a management function from a policy controller, a first message including a data forwarding policy indicative of a configuration on how to forward data according to a data forwarding requirement from an original data sender. Such a method further includes sending, by the management function to a network function, a second message according to the first message. Such a method further includes obtaining, by the network function, an indication indicating a request for data forwarding and a corresponding flag indicating an ID swapping rule according to the second message.

Abstract: A method for stitching images of a capsule endoscope, an electronic device, and a readable storage medium are provided. The method comprises: performing image rectification and circular edge masking on original images to form pre-processed images, and performing image enhancement (S1); completing detection and pairing of feature points (S2); calculating a transformation model of all pre-processed images to a same optimal plane according to a set of the feature points (S3); performing projective transformation for each enhanced image to a same coordinate system (S4); and stitching images according to an obtained sequence to form a fused image for output (S5), thus expanding the field of view of a single image of the capsule endoscope.

Abstract: The present invention provides a full-automatic cell production line, comprising a culture region and an operation region. The culture region comprises a B-stage platform body, and the B-stage platform body comprises a culture area, a refrigeration area, and a robot provided with a motion track. The motion track of the robot is linearly arranged. The culture area, the refrigeration area, and a manual delivery window all surround the track, and are all located in the operation region of the robot. The operation region is integrated with a liquid storage table, a cell factory liquid changing device, and a centrifugal bottle liquid changing device. The delivery window is used between the culture region and the operation region to deliver a material. The technical solution of the present invention is mainly used for full-automatic batch production of cells.

Abstract: Provided is a positive electrode material for a lithium ion battery, having the following general formula I: Li1+aNixCoyMnzMcM?dO2?bAb general formula I, wherein ?0.05?a?0.3, 0.8?x?1, 0?y?0.2, 0?z?0.2, 0?c?0.01, 0?d?0.01, x+y+z+c+d=1, and 0?b?0.05; M and M? are different from each other and each independently selected from at least one of La, Cr, Mo, Ca, Fe, Ti, Zn, Y. Zr, W, Nb, V, Mg, B, Al, Sr, Ba and Ta, A is selected from at least one of F, Cl, Br, I and S, and the number of crystallite boundaries N in primary particles of the positive electrode material is from 10.5 to 14.5, wherein N is calculated according to Equation I: N=DS/DX Equation I, wherein DS is an average size of the primary particles, as measured from scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of cross section of the positive electrode material, and DX is an average size of crystallites in the primary particles of the positive electrode material, as measured by an XRD test and calculated by the Scherrer equation.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and system are provided for a charging management in the future network. An aspect of the disclosure provider for a charging method. Such a method includes receiving a charging request requesting for charging a service, wherein the service spans a plurality of network functions (NFs) operated by more than one providers, wherein the charging request includes an identifier (ID) of the requester, and wherein the more than one providers are untrusted by a consumer of the service. Such a method further includes sending a charging process request for a charging result according to the received information, the charging process request including the ID of the requester. Such a method further includes receiving the charging result indicating how to charge the service for the requester. Such a method further includes charging the service for the requester according to the received charging result.