Abstract: The invention relates to a photoelectrochemical cell 100 for light-driven production of hydrogen and oxygen, especially from water or another electrolyte based on aqueous solution, having a photoelectric layer structure 1 and an electrochemical layer structure 2 in a layer construction 40, where—the photoelectric layer structure 1 for absorption of light 3 uninfluenced by the electrolyte 10 forms a front side 41 of the layer structure 40, and—the electrochemical layer structure 2, for accommodation of the electrolyte 10, forms a reverse side 42 of the layer construction 40, and—a conductive and corrosion-inhibiting coupling layer 13 forms electrical contact between the photoelectric layer structure 1 and the electrochemical layer structure 2 in the layer construction 40, where—the electrochemical layer structure 2 has an electrode structure of a front electrode 21 and an electrode structure of a rear electrode 22, between which is arranged an ion exchange layer 61 such that an integrated layer construction 40

Abstract: The invention relates to processes for preparing aldehydes by hydroformylation of alkenes, in which an alkene-containing feed mixture is subjected to a primary hydroformylation with synthesis gas in the presence of a homogeneous catalyst system, the primary hydroformylation being effected in a primary reaction zone from which a cycle gas containing at least some of the products and unconverted reactants of the primary hydroformylation are drawn off continuously and partly condensed, with recycling of uncondensed components of the cycle gas into the primary reaction zone, and with distillative separation of condensed components of the cycle gas in an aldehyde removal stage to give an aldehyde-rich mixture and a low-aldehyde mixture. The problem that it addresses is that of developing the process such that it achieves high conversions and affords aldehyde in good product quality even in the case of a deteriorating raw material position.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition comprising: a) at least one support material; b) at least one metal selected from transition group VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements and c) at least one compound of the formula (I) R?-A-R? (I), where A, R? and R? are each an organic radical, where R? and R? have the structural element —O—P(—O—)2 with trivalent P and are bonded covalently to the A radical via the latter, with the proviso that R??R?, to a process for producing such a composition, to the use of the composition and to a process and an apparatus for hydroformylation in which the composition is used.

Abstract: The invention relates to processes for preparing aldehydes by hydroformylation of alkenes, in which an alkene-containing feed mixture is subjected to a primary hydroformylation with synthesis gas in the presence of a homogeneous catalyst system, the primary hydroformylation being effected in a primary reaction zone from which a cycle gas containing at least some of the products and unconverted reactants of the primary hydroformylation are drawn off continuously and partly condensed, with recycling of uncondensed components of the cycle gas into the primary reaction zone, and with distillative separation of condensed components of the cycle gas in an aldehyde removal stage to give an aldehyde-rich mixture and a low-aldehyde mixture. The problem that it addresses is that of developing the process such that it achieves high conversions and affords aldehyde in good product quality even in the case of a deteriorating raw material position.

Abstract: SILP catalyst for the hydroformylation of olefins with synthesis gas, wherein the catalyst comprises at least one spherical catalyst pellet of radius R, characterized in that the catalyst complies with the following SILP modulus: c i c i , S = R x ? sinh ? ( ? SILP ? x R ) sinh ? ( ? SILP ) where ?SILP is a dimensionless number in respect of the spherical catalyst pellet relating the mass transfer, in the pore, across the phase interface between gas and ionic liquid and in the ionic liquid to the reaction, where ci is the concentration of a component i and ci,S is the concentration of a component i at the surface of the SILP catalyst pellet, and x is the position. Also featured is a process for hydroformylation of olefins with synthesis gas by using the SILP catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition comprising: a) at least one support material; b) at least one metal selected from transition group VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements and c) at least one compound of the formula (I) R?-A-R? (I), where A, R? and R? are each an organic radical, where R? and R? have the structural element —O—P(—O—)2 with trivalent P and are bonded covalently to the A radical via the latter, with the proviso that R??R?, to a process for producing such a composition, to the use of the composition and to a process and an apparatus for hydroformylation in which the composition is used.

Abstract: A composition and the use of said composition as catalytically active composition in processes for synthesis of chemical compounds, especially the hydroformylation of olefinically unsaturated hydrocarbon mixtures.

Abstract: The invention relates to a photoelectrochemical cell 100 for light-driven production of hydrogen and oxygen, especially from water or another electrolyte based on aqueous solution, having a photoelectric layer structure 1 and an electrochemical layer structure 2 in a layer construction 40, where—the photoelectric layer structure 1 for absorption of light 3 uninfluenced by the electrolyte 10 forms a front side 41 of the layer structure 40, and—the electrochemical layer structure 2, for accommodation of the electrolyte 10, forms a reverse side 42 of the layer construction 40, and—a conductive and corrosion-inhibiting coupling layer 13 forms electrical contact between the photoelectric layer structure 1 and the electrochemical layer structure 2 in the layer construction 40, where—the electrochemical layer structure 2 has an electrode structure of a front electrode 21 and an electrode structure of a rear electrode 22, between which is arranged an ion exchange layer 61 such that an integrated layer construction 40