Abstract: The disclosure provides, in certain embodiments, a method of manufacturing hard surface apparatus using natural and/or recycled fibrous materials. The method described in certain embodiments allows the creation of a protective case, including, but not limited to, protective containers for a myriad of uses, such as hard cases, bags, backpacks, briefcases, instrument cases, car toppers, snowboard carriers, fishing rod cases, laptop cases, phone cases, and the like. In certain embodiments, the method described herein allows the creation of hard surface apparatuses such as kayaks and canoes, flooring and tiles, bathtubs and sinks, kitchen ware, and the like.