Abstract: An optical device for modifying a light distribution pattern of a light source is presented. The light source radiates first light beams to a first geometric quarter-space and second light beams to a second geometric quarter-space, where the first and second quarter-spaces are defined by mutually perpendicular geometric planes one of which constitutes a boundary between the first and second geometric quarter-spaces. The optical device may include a lens-section for modifying a light distribution pattern of the first light beams and a reflector surface for reflecting at least a part of the second light beams from the second geometric quarter-space to the first geometric quarter-space. The reflector surface is shaped to resemble a wedge that points towards the first geometric quarter-space so as to provide total internal reflection and to direct the reflected second light beams to sideward directions.

Abstract: An optical device for modifying a light distribution pattern of a light source is presented. The light source radiates first light beams to a first geometric quarter-space and second light beams to a second geometric quarter-space, where the first and second quarter-spaces are defined by mutually perpendicular geometric planes one of which constitutes a boundary between the first and second geometric quarter-spaces. The optical device may include a lens-section for modifying a light distribution pattern of the first light beams and a reflector surface for reflecting at least a part of the second light beams from the second geometric quarter-space to the first geometric quarter-space. The reflector surface is shaped to resemble a wedge that points towards the first geometric quarter-space so as to provide total internal reflection and to direct the reflected second light beams to sideward directions.

Abstract: A circuit board system includes a circuit board having a base part (101) and at least one changeable part (102) furnished with at least one electrical component (103) such as a light emitting diode. The base part includes an aperture for receiving the changeable part so that a perpendicular of the changeable part is parallel with a perpendicular of the base part. The aperture is shaped to allow the position of the changeable part to be changed with respect to the base part when the changeable part is in the aperture, and edges of the aperture and the changeable part have mutually cooperative connection portions (105, 106) which allow the changeable part to be introduced on the aperture when the changeable part is in a first position and which limit freedom of the changeable part to get away from the aperture when the changeable part is in a second position.

Abstract: A light guide (201) including a transparent element is presented. The transparent element includes a first surface (203) for acting as a light-ingress surface and a second surface (204) for acting as a light-egress surface. The second surface includes elevations (205) for directing a part of the light into directions sideward with respect to a direction in which another and greater part of the light exits the transparent element through the second surface. Each elevation is shaped to provide total internal reflection for a light beam on a first point of the surface of the elevation and refract the reflected light beam on a second point of the surface of the elevation so as to direct the light beam sideward. The sideward directed light enables an observer, who sees the light guide from a small viewing angle, to easily see whether the light is on or off.

Abstract: A low-beam headlight element includes a lens (301) for modifying the distribution pattern of light penetrating the lens, and a reflector element (302) including a first end having a place for a light source (303) and a second end having an opening constituting a passage for the light penetrating the lens. The thickness of the lens is shaped to decrease more strongly towards a first edge (303) of the lens than towards an opposite second edge of lens so as to provide more refractivity on a first area of the lens abutting on the first edge than on a second area of the lens abutting on the second edge. The refractivity on the first area produces a cutoff line in a resulting light distribution pattern. Hence, for achieving a cutoff line meandering in a desired way, there is no need for a screen element which converts light into heat.

Abstract: A circuit board system includes a circuit board having a base part (101) and at least one changeable part (102) furnished with at least one electrical component (103) such as a light emitting diode. The base part includes an aperture for receiving the changeable part so that a perpendicular of the changeable part is parallel with a perpendicular of the base part. The aperture is shaped to allow the position of the changeable part to be changed with respect to the base part when the changeable part is in the aperture, and edges of the aperture and the changeable part have mutually cooperative connection portions (105, 106) which allow the changeable part to be introduced on the aperture when the changeable part is in a first position and which limit freedom of the changeable part to get away from the aperture when the changeable part is in a second position.

Abstract: A process for fabricating an optical device includes injecting (301) optical silicone into a mold cavity formed by two or more mutually matching mold-elements, curing (302) the optical silicone contained by the mold cavity, and separating (303) the mold-elements from the optical device constituted by the optical silicone. The reversible elasticity of the optical silicone after the curing phase is utilized in the process so that at least one of the mold-elements has counterdraft which causes a reversible deformation in the optical device when the mold-element is separated from the optical device. As the counterdraft is allowable, the shape of the optical device as well as the dividing joints between the mold-elements can be designed more freely. For example, walls of the mold cavity corresponding to optically active surfaces of the optical device can be arranged to be free from dividing joints between the mold-elements.

Abstract: A low-beam headlight element includes a lens (301) for modifying the distribution pattern of light penetrating the lens, and a reflector element (302) including a first end having a place for a light source (303) and a second end having an opening constituting a passage for the light penetrating the lens. The thickness of the lens is shaped to decrease more strongly towards a first edge (303) of the lens than towards an opposite second edge of lens so as to provide more refractivity on a first area of the lens abutting on the first edge than on a second area of the lens abutting on the second edge. The refractivity on the first area produces a cutoff line in a resulting light distribution pattern. Hence, for achieving a cutoff line meandering in a desired way, there is no need for a screen element which converts light into heat.

Abstract: A light guide (201) including a transparent element is presented. The transparent element includes a first surface (203) for acting as a light-ingress surface and a second surface (204) for acting as a light-egress surface. The second surface includes elevations (205) for directing a part of the light into directions sideward with respect to a direction in which another and greater part of the light exits the transparent element through the second surface. Each elevation is shaped to provide total internal reflection for a light beam on a first point of the surface of the elevation and refract the reflected light beam on a second point of the surface of the elevation so as to direct the light beam sideward. The sideward directed light enables an observer, who sees the light guide from a small viewing angle, to easily see whether the light is on or off.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical surface which is able to mix different wavelengths into a light pattern which contains all wavelengths evenly distributed across the pattern. The novel optical surface extends in at least two Cartesian base dimensions (X, Y), whereby a cross-section of the surface taken in either of said two Cartesian base dimensions (X, Y) features a first plurality of protuberances which extend to the same direction in a third Cartesian dimension (Z). The cross-section of the optical surface also features a second plurality of protuberances which extend to the opposite direction as the first plurality of protuberances in the third Cartesian dimension (Z). The pluralities of protuberances form converging and diverging optical shapes for mixing different wavelengths scattering from the optical surface.

Abstract: A light guide (201) including a transparent element is presented. The transparent element includes an optical diverter section (204) including one or more reflective surfaces (205) forming walls of a notch (206) extending into the diverter section, where the reflective surfaces provide total reflections for directing light into directions lateral with respect to an arrival direction of the light. The transparent element includes an optical channel section (208) for receiving the light from a light source and for directing the light to the optical diverter section. The optical channel section includes a side surface (209) shaped to provide total reflections for directing light to the optical diverter section. The optical channel section makes it possible to place the light source a distance apart from the optical diverter section and also to prevent or at least to reduce direct propagation of light from the light source to the lateral directions.

Abstract: A light guide (201) including a transparent element is presented. The transparent element includes a first end (203) including a place for a light source, a second end (204) opposite the first end, an outer surface (205) between the first and second ends, and an interior channel (206) extending from the first end to the second end. The interior channel includes a first portion (207) beginning from the first end and a second portion (208) extending to the second end. The first portion is shaped to guide at least part of light falling to its wall into the transparent material and the outer surface provides total reflection for reflecting the light towards the second end. The second portion is shaped so that light passed through the first portion without falling to a wall of the first portion reaches the second end without falling to a wall of the second portion.

Abstract: A light guide (201) including a transparent element is presented. The transparent element includes an optical diverter section (204) including one or more reflective surfaces (205) forming walls of a notch (206) extending into the diverter section, where the reflective surfaces provide total reflections for directing light into directions lateral with respect to an arrival direction of the light. The transparent element includes an optical channel section (208) for receiving the light from a light source and for directing the light to the optical diverter section. The optical channel section includes a side surface (209) shaped to provide total reflections for directing light to the optical diverter section. The optical channel section makes it possible to place the light source a distance apart from the optical diverter section and also to prevent or at least to reduce direct propagation of light from the light source to the lateral directions.

Abstract: A light guide (201) including a transparent element is presented. The transparent element includes a first end (203) including a place for a light source, a second end (204) opposite the first end, an outer surface (205) between the first and second ends, and an interior channel (206) extending from the first end to the second end. The interior channel includes a first portion (207) beginning from the first end and a second portion (208) extending to the second end. The first portion is shaped to guide at least part of light falling to its wall into the transparent material and the outer surface provides total reflection for reflecting the light towards the second end. The second portion is shaped so that light passed through the first portion without falling to a wall of the first portion reaches the second end without falling to a wall of the second portion.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical surface which is able to mix different wavelengths into a light pattern which contains all wavelengths evenly distributed across the pattern. The novel optical surface extends in at least two Cartesian base dimensions (X, Y), whereby a cross-section of the surface taken in either of said two Cartesian base dimensions (X, Y) features a first plurality of protuberances which extend to the same direction in a third Cartesian dimension (Z). The cross-section of the optical surface also features a second plurality of protuberances which extend to the opposite direction as the first plurality of protuberances in the third Cartesian dimension (Z). The pluralities of protuberances form converging and diverging optical shapes for mixing different wavelengths scattering from the optical surface.