Abstract: The invention provides novel fluoro-imides/amides of the formula: ##STR1## in which at least two of X.sub.1, X.sub.2, X.sub.3 and X.sub.4 are fluorine and any of X.sub.1, X.sub.2, X.sub.3 and X.sub.4 which is not fluorine, is chlorine, and A is selected from:(a) ##STR2## in which R.sub.1 is hydrogen or a halogen atom, preferably chlorine,Z is CH or a nitrogen atom,n is 0 or 1, andR is an alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms, preferably methyl, or a halogen atom, preferably chlorine;(b) ##STR3## in which Z, n and R have the above-stated meanings: (c) ##STR4## and (d) ##STR5## and a process for preparing said compounds. Said compounds have valuable fungicidal and miticidal activity.

Abstract: (2,2-Disubstituted vinyl)-.gamma.-butyrolactones of the formula: ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, preferably methyl,R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, preferably methyl, or halogen, or, together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, form a cycloalkyl group, andR.sub.5 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl,are prepared by condensing an epoxide of the formula: ##STR2## with a malonic acid ester of the formula: ##STR3## in a basic medium. The butyrolactones of formula I are valuable intermediates for the synthesis of synthetic pyrethroids having insecticidal activity.

Abstract: The invention provides novel fluoro-imides/amides of the formula: ##STR1## in which at least two of X.sub.1, X.sub.2, X.sub.3 and X.sub.4 are fluorine and any of X.sub.1, X.sub.2, X.sub.3 and X.sub.4 which is not fluorine, is chlorine, and A is selected from: ##STR2## in which R.sub.1 is hydrogen or a halogen atom, preferably chlorine,Z is CH or a nitrogen atom,n is 0 or 1, andR is an alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms, preferably methyl, or a halogen atom, preferably chlorine; ##STR3## in which Z, n and R have the above-stated meanings: ##STR4## and a process for preparing said compounds. Said compounds have valuable fungicidal and miticidal activity.

Abstract: The invention provides novel fluoro-imides/amides of the formula: ##STR1## IN WHICH AT LEAST TWO OF X.sub.1, X.sub.2, X.sub.3 and X.sub.4 are fluorine and any of X.sub.1, X.sub.2, X.sub.3 and X.sub.4 which is not fluorine, is chlorine, and A is selected from:(a) ##STR2## IN WHICH R.sub.1 is hydrogen or a halogen atom, preferably chlorine, Z is CH or a nitrogen atom,N is 0 or 1, andR is an alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms, preferably methyl, or a halogen atom, preferably chlorine;(b) ##STR3## IN WHICH Z, n and R have the above-stated meanings: (C) ##STR4## (d) ##STR5## and a process for preparing said compounds. Said compounds have valuable fungicidal and miticidal activity.

Abstract: A three-step process for the production of chrysanthemic acid esters and their homologues of the formula: ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl,R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl or halogen or, together with the C atom to which they are attached, form a cycloalkyl group, andR.sub.5 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl,Which comprises:(1) decarboxylating a lactone of the formula: ##STR2## (2) treating the resulting decarboxylated lactone to effect ring cleavage, halogenation and esterification to form an ester of the formula: ##STR3## in which X is Cl, Br or I, and (3) TREATING THE ESTER X with a base to effect internal condensation whereby the desired product of formula I is obtained.The esters I are valuable intermediates for the preparation of synthetic pyrethroids having insecticidal activity.