Abstract: Systems and methods utilize a machine learning classifier to predict diagnoses of conditions or diseases based on a subject’s rating of a plurality of evaluation items, such as pictures, together with demographic information. The pictures may be organized into categories and the subject may provide a positive or negative rating for each picture. The systems and methods may compute relative preference data from the rating data, such as average positive and negative ratings for the evaluation items within each category, information entropy for the categories, and standard deviation for the categories. Plots may be generated of the generated the relative preference data and values for predetermined judgment variables may be derived from the plots. Selected judgment variables and demographic information may be provided to the classifier to produce the prediction for the subject.

Abstract: Methods relating to treatment and diagnosis of head injury are provided herein.

Abstract: A method can apply permutation procedures to mediation and moderation tests of multiple hypotheses, while controlling the rate of false positives. The techniques presented here through a platform-independent tool can be applied to a variety of datasets in diverse and interdisciplinary fields, such as biology and medicine, where integration of multi-scale data is utilized to unmask disease diagnosis, prognosis, susceptibility/resilience, treatment optimization, and biopharmaceutical development for any brain-based, psychological, or medical illness. This platform allows for study of human illness where animal models are proving inadequate.

Abstract: A method transforms ratings data for evaluation items to response data that indicates an approach, if any, toward the evaluation items and avoidance from the items. Approach entropy values and avoid entropy values may be generated for the items based on the response data. A relative preference order for the items may be determined from the generated approach and avoid entropy values.

Abstract: A motor control system to be applied to robotic technology, the motor control system comprising at least two actuators that each include a first receiver and a second receiver. The system is comprised of a movement control system that communicates a first signal to the first receivers, the first signal indicative of a movement profile; and a stabilization control system that communicates a second signal to the second receivers, the second signal indicative of a stabilizing profile. The stabilizing profile produces mechanical forces that are to some degree antagonistic to the mechanical forces of the movement profile, and the actuators are mechanically arranged in a way that such antagonism can take place. The function of the stabilization system may include controlling overall stability, local stability, and/or local accuracy/precision/speed of movement, and may be implemented on a feedforward and/or feedback basis.

Abstract: A method analyzes preferences of one or more participants. Each of the participants may be presented with a plurality of evaluation items that illustrate various marketing options. Response data from the participants that indicates at least an approach, if any, toward the evaluation items is obtained. An approach entropy value may be generated for the marketing options based on the response data for each participant. A relative preference order for each participant for the marketing options may be determined from the generated approach entropy values.

Abstract: A system and method generates recommendations of products or services to individuals. Product rankings by a large number of individuals are translated into approach and avoid response data for various categories of the products or services. The translated data is utilized to compute approach entropy values, avoid entropy values, mean approach intensity values, and mean avoid intensity values. One or more of a trade-off plot, a value function plot, and a saturation plot may be generated from the values. The plots may be analyzed to derive preference feature values. Clusters may be formed of individuals with the same preference feature values. Products or services that are highly ranked by members of a cluster may be recommended to other members of the cluster that have yet to purchase or consume the highly ranked products or services.

Abstract: A method analyzes preferences of one or more participants. Each of the participants may be presented with a plurality of evaluation items that illustrate various marketing options. Response data from the participants that indicates at least an approach, if any, toward the evaluation items is obtained. An approach entropy value may be generated for the marketing options based on the response data for each participant. A relative preference order for each participant for the marketing options may be determined from the generated approach entropy values.

Abstract: A method analyzes preferences of one or more participants. Each of the participants may be presented with a plurality of evaluation items that illustrate various marketing options. Response data from the participants that indicates at least an approach, if any, toward the evaluation items is obtained. An approach entropy value may be generated for the marketing options based on the response data for each participant. A relative preference order for each participant for the marketing options may be determined from the generated approach entropy values.

Abstract: A method for measuring indices of brain activity includes non-invasively obtaining signals of central nervous system (CNS) activity, localizing signals to specific anatomical and functional CNS regions, correlating the signals from pain and reward brain regions, and interpreting the correlation results. The results of interpreting the correlation results can be used for objectively measuring, in individual humans or animals, their responses to motivationally salient stimuli including but not limited to stimuli which are internal or external, conscious or non-conscious, pharmacological or non-pharmacological therapies, and diseased based processes. This method for measuring brain activity in reward/aversive central nervous system regions, can further be used to determine the efficacy of compounds.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for inhibiting psychostimulant-induced or nicotine-induced craving of additional psychostimulants (e.g., cocaine or amphetamine) or nicotine. In these methods, D1-like antagonists or D1-like agonists are administered to a patient dependent on psychostimulant drugs or nicotine and therefore susceptible to, or suffering from, such a craving. Also disclosed is an animal model system useful for measuring the ability of test compounds to inhibit psychostimulant-induced or nicotine-induced cravings in humans.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for inhibiting psychostimulant-induced or nicotine-induced craving of additional psychostimulants (e.g., cocaine or amphetamine) or nicotine. In these methods, D1-like antagonists or D1-like agonists are administered to a patient dependent on psychostimulant drugs or nicotine and therefore susceptible to, or suffering from, such a craving. Also disclosed is an animal model system useful for measuring the ability of test compounds to inhibit pyschostimulant-induced or nicotine-induced cravings in humans.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for evaluating motivational and emotional circuitry in the brain during paradigms focused on specific motivational functions, to directly determine which components and how much the motivational and emotional brain circuitry responds. This circuitry response answers questions focused on normal and abnormal behavior, along with questions regarding the normal and abnormal function of the circuitry. The results of interrogating the motivational and emotional circuitry can be used for objectively measuring, in individual humans or animals, their preferences or responses to motivationally salient stimuli including but not limited to stimuli which are internal or external, conscious or non-conscious, pharmacological or non-pharmacological therapies, diseased based processes or not, financial or non-financial, etc.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring indices of brain activity includes non-invasively obtaining signals of central nervous system (CNS) activity, localizing signals to specific anatomical and functional CNS regions, correlating the signals from pain and reward brain regions, and interpreting the correlation results. The results of interpreting the correlation results can be used for objectively measuring, in individual humans or animals, their responses to motivationally salient stimuli including but not limited to stimuli which are internal or external, conscious or non-conscious, pharmacological or non-pharmacological therapies, and diseased based processes. This method for measuring brain activity in reward/aversive central nervous system regions, can further be used to determine the efficacy of compounds.