Abstract: Photovoltaic devices are described including: a region of perovskite material which is in electrical contact with a mesoporous region of hole transport material, wherein the hole transport material is at least partially comprised of an inorganic hole transport material.

Abstract: The present invention is drawn to a high power electrochemical energy storage device in a bipolar configuration, comprising at least n stackable cells in bipolar configuration wherein subgroups of m cells are electronically monitored. The storage cells have a lithium ion insertion anode and a lithium ion insertion cathode, a separator, an electrolyte system, and a leak-proof seal structure. A number of embodiments are disclosed, characterized by a favorable range of m values, in combination with the anode-to-cathode capacity ratio, electrolyte conductivity, and other battery key features, thereby providing a high power device providing long cycle life and excellent power performance over many thousand charge and discharge cycles while minimizing the cost for electronic monitoring.

Abstract: The present invention is drawn to a high power electrochemical energy storage device in a bipolar configuration, comprising at least n stackable cells (20) in bipolar configuration wherein subgroups of m cells are electronically monitored (63). The storage cells (20) have a lithium ion insertion anode (24) and a lithium ion insertion cathode (26), a separator (36), an electrolyte system (36), and a leak-proof seal structure (51). A number of embodiments are disclosed, characterized by a favorable range of m values, in combination with the anode-to-cathode capacity ratio, electrolyte conductivity, and other battery key features, thereby providing a high power device providing long cycle life and excellent power performance over many thousand charge and discharge cycles while minimizing the cost for electronic monitoring.

Abstract: The present invention is drawn to a high power electrochemical energy storage device, comprising at least one stackable, monolithic battery unit. The monolithic battery unit includes at least two electrochemical energy storage cells. The cells have a lithium ion insertion anode and a lithium ion insertion cathode, a bipolar current collector between cells and end plate current collectors at the opposing ends of each battery unit. A frame may be associated with the perimeter of the current collector. The current collector comprises a high-conductivity metal. The device also has the at least two storage cells substantially aligned adjacent one another, a separator material associated between the anode and the cathode within each cell; and an electrolyte within each cell. Additionally, the present invention is drawn to a device combining two or more of the monolithic units, either in series or in parallel or any combination thereof, so as to create a high power, high voltage energy storage device.

Abstract: The present invention is drawn to an electrical connecting device for rechargeable electrochemical energy storage systems, comprising at least two parallel strings, wherein each of the strings have at least two single cells in series. The electrical connecting device provides at least one non-terminal inter-string connection for the purpose of voltage equilibration between series-connected cells or units of cells of the same nominal voltage in parallel strings. The non-terminal inter-string connection may comprise a current-limiting element. A formula is provided for the characteristics of the current-limiting element, depending on voltage and capacity of the units within the electrochemical storage system. The device is based on low-cost electrical components. It decreases voltage differences between sub-units in different parallel strings and increases the reliability and cycle life of any rechargeable electrochemical energy storage system based on series and parallel connections.

Abstract: The present invention is drawn to a high power electrochemical energy storage device, comprising at least one stackable, monolithic battery unit. The monolithic battery unit includes at least two electrochemical energy storage cells. The cells have a lithium ion insertion anode and a lithium ion insertion cathode, a bipolar current collector between cells and end plate current collectors at the opposing ends of each battery unit. A frame may be associated with the perimeter of the current collector. The current collector comprises a high-conductivity metal. The device also has the at least two storage cells substantially aligned adjacent one another, a separator material associated between the anode and the cathode within each cell; and an electrolyte within each cell.