Abstract: A supercharged internal combustion engine for a drive system of land vehicle with an air filter (18) and a charging air manifold (12) connected with each other by several flow paths (21, 22, 23) for the combustion air. Each flow path (21, 22, 23) is equipped with a check valve (19, 36, 26) while the flow path (22) is additionally equipped with a controllable closure device (20) and the flow paths (22, 23) are equipped with one charging air compressor (27, 31) each. The charging air compressor (27) includes a drive by an exhaust gas turbine (28). The charging air compressor (31) is driven by an electric motor (32) with permanent magnet energization, whereby the energy for feeding the electric motor (32) is supplied by a generator (33) energized by permanent magnet and driven by the internal combustion engine (11). Depending on the operating condition of the internal combustion engine (11), one of the flow paths or several flow paths are simultaneously in operation.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine with several cylinders, with one or several superchargers, and with an additional compressor-drive by means of compressed gas, in which during partial load of the internal combustion engine, some cylinders operate as engine while the other cylinders which operate in the meantime as compressors, supply compressed gas for the additional compressor-drive of each supercharging aggregate that supplies the cylinder operating as combustion engine with charging air.

Abstract: A valve control for a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine in which at least two valves per cylinder are actuated in unison by a traverse moved by a rocker arm; the pivotally constructed traverse adapts itself to different valve stem heights of the valve pair by assuming different inclined positions; a self-adjusting torque support mechanism cooperates with the traverse and limits the inclination of the traverse to the extent resulting from the differences of the valve stem heights; an accurate synchronous operation of the valves actuated in unison is assured thereby.

Abstract: A system for the displacement of two thrust reversers for two jet engines of an airplane. Each thrust reverser has a drive motor operated by compressed air, a valve controlling the flow of compressed air to the motor, a set-point indicator including an input piston controllable by the action of compressed air, a differential transmission, and a feedback system from the motor to the differential transmission. The valve is actuated by the input piston and the motor via the differential transmission. The displacement of the two thrust reversers is halted by a system of stops acting on the input pistons at identical intermediate points in the paths of travel thereof and the displacement is thereafter continued after the thrust reversers have both reached their intermediate points in their paths of travel by deactivation of the stops.

Abstract: In the operation of supercharged internal combustion engines, certain operating conditions exist during which the exhaust gas turbochargers cannot supply adequate supercharging air for the internal combustion engine due to a low production of exhaust gas by the engine. To eliminate this problem, an auxiliary compressor with a flywheel is proposed, which is constantly driven by an auxiliary drive mechanism and whose power input can be considerably reduced by closing its air conduit. In case of lacking charging air, the auxiliary compressor is used in a simple way, by opening the closure devices on its air side, in order to enable a supply of supercharging air to the internal combustion engine. The power required for driving the auxiliary compressor is derived primarily from energy stored in the revolving flywheel mass as well as from the power of the auxiliary drive mechanism.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine supercharged by exhaust turbochargers, with the engine being provided with an auxiliary combustion chamber, the exhaust gas of which is temporarily fed to a turbine of an exhaust gas turbocharger for improving acceleration characteristics of the internal combustion engine. The combustion air for the auxiliary combustion chamber is derived from a stream of supercharging air produced by the exhaust turbocharger. At least two exhaust turbochargers are provided with compressors thereof both conveying or feeding into a supercharging air conduit, to all cylnders of the internal combustion engine. Each of the compressors are equipped on an intake side with one check valve. During an idling or partial load, the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine is fed to only one of the two exhaust turbochargers, wherein a conveying air stream produced by this exhaust turbocharger effects an automatic closing of the check valve of the other exhaust turbocharger.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine with several cylinders and with one or several supercharging aggregates, in which at partial load of the engine, some cylinders operate as engine while the remaining cylinders, operating in the meantime as compressor, supply compressed gas to the turbine of a further supercharging aggregate whose compressor is connected in series with the compressor of that supercharging aggregate which supplies the cylinders operating as engine with supercharging air.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine which is supercharged by exhaust gas turbochargers and which includes an auxiliary combustion chamber. Exhaust gases from the auxiliary combustion chamber are temporarily fed to turbines of the exhaust gas turbocharger for improving acceleration characteristics of the internal combustion engine. The combustion air for the auxiliary combustion chamber is derived from the stream of supercharging air produced by the turbochargers. At least two exhaust turbochargers are provided which operate in parallel. In case of acceleration of the engine, the exhaust gases from the internal combustion engine circumvent the turbines of the exhaust gas turbochargers, and then the exhaust gases of the auxiliary combustion chamber alone effect the drive for all exhaust gas turbochargers.

Abstract: A fuel injection timer or regulator for a fuel injection pump is acted upon by a signal of an actual value generator detecting an actual injection time adjustment and by a signal of a desired value generator controlled by operating parameters of a piston internal combustion engine. At least one sensor is arranged at the piston internal combustion engine, with the sensor determining a rate of increase of the combustion pressure in the cylinder at each working stroke, and the desired value generator is controlled in dependence upon the output signal of the sensor.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine which is adapted to be supercharged by at least two exhaust gas turbochargers operating in parallel. The engine includes an auxiliary combustion chamber, the exhaust gas of which is temporarily fed to a turbine of an exhaust gas turbocharger for improving an acceleration characteristic of the internal combustion engine. Combustion air for an idling operation of the auxiliary combustion chamber is derived from a stream of supercharging air produced by the exhaust gas turbocharger. During a partial load operation of the engine, only one of the exhaust gas turbochargers is supplied with an entire volume of the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine to provide the supply of supercharging air. The exhaust gas from the auxiliary combustion chamber, operated with a full load for the case of accelerating in a lower load range of operation of the internal combustion engine, is fed to the turbine of the other exhaust gas turbocharger.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine and a method of operating the same, which engine includes a supercharger having an exhaust gas turbine and a charging air compressor with a charging air line supplying charging air to the internal combustion engine. A bypass line is provided for connecting the charging air line with the exhaust gas line and a combustion chamber is disposed in one of the exhaust gas line and the bypass line. A return line for recycling exhaust gases branches off from the line in which the combustion chamber is disposed and a connecting line is provided for connecting the exhaust gas line with the charging air line. Arrangements are provided for at least one of selectively restricting and blocking at least one of the charging air line, bypass line, exhaust gas line and return line.

Abstract: A heat-exchanger system for the charging-air of a low-compression reciprocating piston internal combustion engine operating with exhaust gas turbo-supercharging, which is equipped with a first charging-air-water heat-exchanger that during the starting and partial load operation supplies the heat energy of a heater device to the charging air and which can be connected to the cooling water circulation of the internal combustion engine, and with a second charging-air-water heat-exchanger which is connected to the cooling water circulation external to the engine; the two charging-air-water heat-exchangers are thereby adapted to be traversed in parallel by the charging-air while a control system enables a stepless control of the charging air flow through the individual heat-exchangers as a function of the temperature of the charging air upstream of the cylinders and of the operating condition of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A sealing arrangement within the area of the joint surfaces between cylinder head, inserted cylinder liner with cylinder liner flange and cylinder crankcase of a water-cooled internal combustion engine in which a recessed fit is provided at the cylinder head for the accommodation of the cylinder liner flange; a flat seal is thereby arranged on the joint surface between the cylinder-crankcase and the cylinder head and the flange of the cylinder liner as well as the cylinder head rest on the flat seal; the transmission of the contact pressure onto the cylinder liner flange thereby takes place by direct contact with the cylinder head.