Abstract: The only methods hitherto available for the production of mineral wool from materials such as basalt either utilize a stationary nozzle (blast drawing method) or external centrifuging whereby unsatisfactory yield and/or a not entirely satisfactory fiber quality, particularly with regard to a high content of unfiberized components, are achieved. By way of the invention, application of a fiberization method is suggested which, in spite of a high fluidity of the molten mineral material such as basalt, arrives at high quality fibers with a low bead proportion at good yield. This is made possible by selection of specific materials and their fiberization in specific conditions. Whereas fiberization of these fluid materials is carried out in external centrifuging at viscosities of a few tens of poises, fiberization by internal centrifuging at viscosities of more than 100 poises is required, according to the: invention, in order to achieve a mineral wool for insulation purposes with a low bead content.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is a mineral wool composition capable of dissolving in a physiological medium which comprises the constituents below, having to the following percentages by weight:______________________________________ (CaO + MgO + BaO + Na.sub.2 O + K.sub.2 O + B.sub.2 O.sub.3) > 30* 2 .times. Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 RO 13.5 to 19.5% R.sub.2 O 14.2 to 23% RO/R.sub.2 O 0.70 to 0.95 CaO/MgO > 1.5 SiO.sub.2 47 to 58.5% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 0 to 3.5% B.sub.2 O.sub.3 5 to 10% Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 (total iron) 0 to 3.0% ______________________________________where:RO means oxides of the elements from column 2a of the Periodic Table, including CaO, MgO, BaO and SrO; and R.sub.2 O means oxides from column 1a of the Periodic Table, including Na.sub.2 O, K.sub.2 O and Li.sub.2 O.

Abstract: Mineral material, particularly of the basalt type, is fiberized by internal centrifuging in a spinner having a peripheral wall with a plurality of orifices. A heated gas flow attenuates into fibers the filament cones emanating from the orifices. To produce mineral wool with good fiber fineness and largely free of unfiberized particles, the length of the filament cones and the configuration of the heated gas flows generated around the spinner are adjusted so that the majority of the filament cones emanating from the spinner orifices intersects the isotherm corresponding to a viscosity of 100 poises to enter into a zone cooled down to a temperature corresponding to a viscosity of more than 100 poises. The configuration of the heated gas flow is produced by an annular external burner in conjunction with an annular external blower that produces jets of cool air. The cool air brings low-temperature isotherms in close vicinity to the peripheral wall of the spinner.

Abstract: A method for producing mineral wool of a material which is highly fluid at an elevated liquidus temperature in particular above 1,200.degree. C., with a viscosity of less than 5,000 poises at liquidus temperature, is proposed wherein the molten mineral material, after having destroyed all nuclei of crystallization, is supplied into a spinner (1') the peripheral wall (19) of which comprises a multiplicity of orifices with small diameters wherethrough said molten material is centrifuged to form filaments which, in a given case, are subjected to a supplementary attenuating effect of a preferably hot gas flow flowing along said peripheral wall (19) of said spinner (1') and generated by a concentric annular external burner (13). If fiberization of such a material is effected in the traditional way, a great proportion of unfiberized particles in the product will result.

Abstract: The invention relates to the reception of fibers under fibering machines to obtain a mat of mineral wool. It proposes assigning to each fibering machine its own collecting zone, the surfaces of the collecting zones increasing in the direction of the increase of base weight. The invention also proposes a device characterized by the presence of two reception drums for three fibering machines.

Abstract: The present invention relates to mineral fiber compositions useful for forming fibers which are readily degraded in a physiological medium such as that found within the human body. Advantageous compositions formed according to the present invention comprise the following components in the proportions by weight set forth below:______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 37 to 58 wt. %; Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 4 to 14 wt. %; CaO 7 to 40 wt. %; MgO 4 to 16 wt. %; P.sub.2 O.sub.5 1 to 10 wt. %; Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 up to about to 15 wt. %; ______________________________________wherein the amount of CaO+MgO+Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 is greater than 25% and the total amount of Na.sub.2 O+K.sub.2 O is less than 7%. The total iron contained within the composition is expressed in the form of ferric oxide (Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3).

Abstract: Fibers are drawn out by maintaining a temperature gradient between the interior and exterior walls of the peripheral band of a centrifuge. The peripheral band is made from a material having a thermal conductivity below 20 Wm.sup.-1 C.sup.-1 at 1000.degree. C. Application to the drawing out of fibers from glasses having a working range less than 100.degree. C. wide.

Abstract: Glass compositions useful for forming fibers which are readily able to be degraded in a physiological medium such as that found in a human body. Advantageous compositions formed according to the present invention comprise the following components, set forth in percent by weight:SiO.sub.2 : 57 to 70%Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 : 0 to 5%CaO: 5 to 10%MgO: 0 to 5%Na.sub.2 O+K.sub.2 O: 13 to 18%B.sub.2 O.sub.3 : 2 to 12%F: 0 to 1.5%P.sub.2 O.sub.

Abstract: In the continuous production of mineral wool nonwoven fabrics, fiber/gas/air mixtures (3, 4) produced by several shredding units (14 to 17) are directed onto collecting conveyor units (19, 21) with suction surfaces (c, d) running in a curve and being under suction pressure for the formation of a wool nonwoven fabric (25). In this case the arrangement is such that an imaginary suction surface, increasing in its size in the conveying direction, is assigned to each fiber/gas/air mixture formed by the individual shredding units (14 to 17), actually d is larger than c. As a result it is possible, in a space-saving method of construction and per collecting conveyor unit to produce mineral wool nonwoven fabrics from rock wool with constant suction pressure with bulk densities even under 25 kg/m.sup.3 in good product quality. By series connection of several units or an oscillating deposit of an individual nonwoven fabric multilayer felt webs can further be formed.

Abstract: The invention relates to the reception of fibers under fibering machines to obtain a mat of mineral wool. It proposes assigning to each fibering machine its own collecting zone, the surfaces of the collecting zones increasing in the direction of the increase of base weight. The invention also proposes a device characterized by the presence of two reception drums for three fibering machines.

Abstract: A collection process for collecting mineral wool fibers produced by an aligned plurality of fiber making machines includes the steps of entraining the fibers produced by each of the fiber making machines in a gas, drawing the gas through a gas permeable conveyor belt substantially aligned with the aligned plurality of fiber making machines so as to collect the fibers on a fiber/gas separating surface defined by the conveyor, and advancing the conveyor with the collected fibers in a flow direction. The fibers from each of the fiber making machines is collected on the fiber/gas separating surface in a separate collection zone. The lengths of each of the collection zones increases along the flow direction. The resulting collected fibers are useful in forming a mat.

Abstract: The present invention relates to mineral fiber compositions useful for forming fibers which are readily degraded in a physiological medium such as that found within the human body. Advantageous compositions formed according to the present invention comprise the following components in the proportions by weight set forth below:______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 37 to 58 wt. %; Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 4 to 14 wt. %; CaO 7 to 40 wt. %; MgO 4 to 16 wt. %; P.sub.2 O.sub.5 1 to 10 wt. %; Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 up to about to 15 wt. %: ______________________________________wherein the amount of CaO+MgO+Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 is greater than 25% and the total amount of Na.sub.2 O+K.sub.2 O is less than 7%. The total iron contained within the composition is expressed in the form of ferric oxide (Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3).