Abstract: Systems, apparatus and methods determine the presence of a volatile substance in expired breath. Alcohol concentrations can be determined from expired breath through the use of electromagnetic detection. The systems, apparatus and methods allow measurements of volatile substances to be done accurately and quickly over a wide range of temperatures, and are easily incorporated into vehicles.

Abstract: Systems, apparatus and methods determine the presence of a volatile substance in expired breath. Alcohol concentrations can be determined from expired breath through the use of electromagnetic detection. The systems, apparatus and methods allow measurements of volatile substances to be done accurately and quickly over a wide range of temperatures, and are easily incorporated into vehicles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a gas cell (1) for optical measurements of gas content and/or concentration comprising a cavity (1a), at least one aperture (11) for gas exchange, at least one first socket (12) for light emitting means (2) and at least one second socket (13) for light detecting means (3). The length of an optical measuring path (A) through the cavity (1a) is defined by a direct or indirect distance between a light emitting means (2) in the first socket (12) and a light detecting means (3) in the second socket (13). The present invention teaches that an epoxy mold compound is used to form at least the parts of the gas cell (1) that define the optical measuring path (A).

Abstract: A device adapted for spectral analysis having a transmitting means adapted for electromagnetic radiation, a delimited space,in the form of a cavity, serving as a measuring cell and intended to be capable of defining an optical measuring distance, a sensing means of the electromagnetic radiation passing the optical measuring distance from said transmitting means, and a unit at any rate connected to the sensing means performing the spectral analysis, the sensing means for the electromagnetic radiation is opto-electrically adapted sensitive to the electromagnetic radiation, which is intended to fall within the spectral range whose chosen wavelength components or spectral elements are to become objects of an analysis in the unit performing the spectral analysis for determining in this unit, over calculations, the relative intensity of radiation of the spectral element.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a gas cell (1) for optical measurements of gas content and/or concentration comprising a cavity (1a), at least one aperture (11) for gas exchange, at least one first socket (12) for light emitting means (2) and at least one second socket (13) for light detecting means (3). The length of an optical measuring path (A) through the cavity (1a) is defined by a direct or indirect distance between a light emitting means (2) in the first socket (12) and a light detecting means (3) in the second an epoxy mold compound is used to form at least the parts of the gas cell (1) that define the optical measuring path (A).

Abstract: A measuring cell adapted for a spectral analysis of a gas sample, where this measuring cell is designed and adapted to co-ordinate, from an IR generating element, emitted converging and/or diverging light beams in a direction toward an IR receiving element, by a plurality of reflections of emitted light beams from a number of reflection surfaces assigned to the inner cavity of the measuring cell, thereby creating a predetermined measuring distance in the inner cavity of the measuring cell, from the IR generating element to the IR receiving element. The cavity of the measuring cell is adapted to contain the gas sample intended for a spectroanalytical absorption measurement.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a gas analysis arrangement (1), comprising a chamber (20) containing a sample of gas (“G”), light-emitting means (3), means (4) for receiving light that has been reflected through the chamber, and an electronic circuit (5) for calculation, adapted such that it is able by means of spectral analysis to analyze and determine the presence of a selected gas or mixture of gases present as a sample (“G”) of gas within the said chamber (20). The said chamber (20) offers one or several apertures for the passage of the sample of gas into and out of the said chamber. The said chamber (20) is assigned a somewhat curved shape, with at least one concave curved light-reflecting surface (30b) extending between the said light-emitting means (3) and the said light-receiving means (4).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a gas detecting arrangement having a gas cell which includes a cavity, a gas-cell-related light source, a gas-cell-related light detector and a controlling and computing unit wherein the unit is adapted fro initiating activation of the light source and also to evaluate the presence and/or the concentration or a gas and/or a gas mixture enclosed in the cell cavity in response to light-detector-related signals received from the light detector.

Abstract: A measuring cell adapted for a spectral analysis of a gas sample, where this measuring cell is designed and adapted to co-ordinate, from an IR generating element, emitted converging and/or diverging light beams in a direction toward an IR receiving element, by a plurality of reflections of emitted light beams from a number of reflection surfaces assigned to the inner cavity of the measuring cell, thereby creating a predetermined measuring distance in the inner cavity of the measuring cell, from the IR generating element to the IR receiving element. The cavity of the measuring cell is adapted to contain the gas sample intended for a spectroanalytical absorption measurement.

Abstract: The present invention embraces a construction unit comprising a light detector and mountable to a carrier, such as a printed circuit card, and where said construction unit is adapted to be includable in a gas sensor-related arrangement. Said construction unit is assigned a plurality of first connection devices, which connection devices are adapted and distributed along a first surface portion of said construction unit for an electric connection facility to second connection devices related to said carrier. Said construction unit is adapted attachable to or placeable in the vicinity of a translucent recess formed in said carrier for the formation of an aperture. An optoelectric sensor is tightly placed against one side surface of said carrier while a first light-generating means is orientable, preferably as an individual unit, at an adapted distance from or along the other and opposite side surface of the carrier.

Abstract: This invention comprises an arrangement adapted for a spectral analysis, said arrangement having an IR (Infra Red light) transmitting means adapted for an electromagnetic radiation, a limited space in the form of a cavity serving as a measuring eel! and intended to be able to define an optical measuring distance or path, a sensing means for said electromagnetic radiation, passing said optical measuring distance from said transmitting means to said sensing means, and a unit performing the spectral analysis and connected at least to said sensing means. Said sensing means for the electromagnetic radiation is opto-electrically adapted sensitive to the electromagnetic radiation which is intended to fall within the spectra! area whose selected wavelength components or spectral elements are to become the subject of an analysis in the unit performing the spectral analysis, so as to determine in this unit, over calculations, the relative radiation intensity of the spectral element.

Abstract: An arrangement adapted for a spectral analysis, having a light transmitting means, a delimited space in the form of a cavity serving as a measuring cell and defining an optical measuring distance, a light sensing means for detecting radiation passing said optical measuring distance from said light transmitting means, and a unit, connected at least to said light sensing means and performing the spectral analysis. Beams of radiation from the light transmitting means are made to pass through an optical band-pass filter at different angles of incidence. The filter is structured so as to pass a wavelength in dependence of the angle of incidence. A first chosen wavelength component is separated from a second wavelength component, each being received in its opto-electric means. Said unit is adapted for detecting and calculating an occurring radiation intensity for each such wavelength component.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gas cell (1) adapted for carbon dioxide and including a cavity (10) which is adapted for a chosen gas volume, a light s source (11) and a light-bundle receiving unit (12). The light source (11) is placed in a focal point (F) associated with a partially elliptical mirror surface (13) forming a reflector for the light source (11) and a first defining surface of the cavity (10). Two other cavity-defining surfaces are comprised of gas-conducting surfaces (14a, 14b) orientated from the end-parts (13a?, 13b?) of the mirror surfaces (13a, 13b). The light-bundle receiving unit (12) is placed in a second focal point (F?) associated with the partially elliptical mirror surfaces (13a, 13b).

Abstract: The invention relates to a gas cell (2?) that includes a cavity (20) for a chosen gas volume, a light source (30), and one or more light bundle receiving units or detectors (21, 22, 23, 24, 25). The cavity (20) is formed by and delimited by, inter alia, a first partially elliptical mirror surface (20a) and two partially elliptical mirror surfaces, a second (20b) and a third (20c), which are opposed to said first mirror surface (20a) and which are so orientated in relation to each other that a light bundle (130a, 130b) will be reflected by said mirror surfaces (20a, 20b, 20c) so as to form an optical measurement path extremity, and terminate in a light-receiving unit (21, 22, 23, 24, 25) allocated to a chosen measurement path extremity. The light source (30) is disposed in one end region of said cavity (20) and a reflector (30a, 30b) which functions to cause emitted light bundles to converge towards a focusing point (F) is also disposed in said one end region.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing an electric, electronic, electromechanical and/or mechanical component (12), where the component substrate is given a three-dimensional structure (3″) or configuration, and where said substrate is adapted for further treatment or processing to form the component (12). The substrate is formed by shaping said substrate against a die or mold, such as by molding, pressing, extruding or embossing said substrate, wherewith the precision necessary with respect to said component in the three-dimensional structure is achieved by means of a micromechanical working process when producing the die or mold.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gas sensor (A) which is adapted for evaluating the contents of a gas sample enclosed in a cavity (2) or a gas cell (1). The gas sensor has the form of a block in which the wall or wall-parts of a gas cell or cavity have highly light-reflective properties, designated mirror surfaces (11A, 12A). The cavity (2) has an opening (2a) for incoming light rays which are reflected in the cavity a predetermined number of times such as to create an optical analysis path before being caused to pass through an opening (6) for outgoing light rays, such reflections being achieved with the aid of three opposing, concave light-reflecting wall-parts (11, 12, 13). A first of the light-reflecting wall-parts (11) has the shape of part of an ellipsoid. A second (12) and a third (13) of the light-reflecting wall-parts have a common shape conforming to part of an ellipsoid.