Abstract: The invention relates to a device for measuring a mass flow, comprising a measuring wheel (3) that is supported by a shaft (4) and that is driven and impinged axially by the mass flow. Said wheel deflects the flow, giving it both radial and tangential speed components. The shaft bears an actuation spur wheel (7), which engages with an intermediate spur wheel (8) that is held in position by a force measuring device (14) and has a second meshing with a drive spur wheel (9) that is driven by a drive motor (13). The diameter of the actuation spur wheel (7) is more than 0.3 fold, preferably 0.5 to 1 of the diameter of the measuring wheel (3). This provides a device for measuring a mass flow, which has a high zero constant and thus a high degree of measuring precision, is cost-effective to produce, robust during operation and which has none of the disadvantages of prior art.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for measuring a mass flow, comprising a measuring wheel (3) that is supported by a shaft (4) and that is driven and impinged axially by the mass flow. Said wheel deflects the flow, giving it both radial and tangential speed components. The shaft bears an actuation spur wheel (7), which engages with an intermediate spur wheel (8) that is held in position by a force measuring device (14) and has a second meshing with a drive spur wheel (9) that is driven by a drive motor (13). The diameter of the actuation spur wheel (7) is more than 0.3 fold, preferably 0.5 to 1 of the diameter of the measuring wheel (3). This provides a device for measuring a mass flow, which has a high zero constant and thus a high degree of measuring precision, is cost-effective to produce, robust during operation and which has none of the disadvantages of prior art.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the operation of a regenerator, hot and cold gas being repeatedly passed through a bulk material 4 with a maximum particle diameter Dmax which is received in the annular space 1 between a substantially cylindrical hot grid 3 and a cold grid 4 surrounding the latter, and at least one discharge opening 16 being provided in the bottom B of the annular space 1 for discharging the bulk material 4. To increase the service life of the regenerator, it is proposed according to the invention that a predetermined amount of bulk material 4 is discharged during or after the passing-through of hot gas, so that a compressive stress exerted by the bulk material 4 on the hot grid 3 and cold grid 4 is reduced.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the operation of a regenerator, hot and cold gas being repeatedly passed through a bulk material 4 with a maximum particle diameter D.sub.max which is received in the annular space 1 between a substantially cylindrical hot grid 3 and a cold grid 4 [sic] surrounding the latter, and at least one discharge opening 16 being provided in the bottom B of the annular space 1 for discharging the bulk material 4. To increase the service life of the regenerator, it is proposed according to the invention that a predetermined amount of bulk material 4 is discharged during or after the passing-through of hot gas, so that a compressive stress exerted by the bulk material 4 on the hot grid 3 and cold grid 4 [sic] is reduced.

Abstract: A method is provided for heating a gas in a regenerator with a heat accumulation mass consisting of a loose bulk material arranged in a ring between two coaxial cylindrical grids, a hot collection chamber, surrounded by the inner hot grid, for the hot gases and a cold collection chamber, enclosed between the outer cold grid, on the one hand, and the wall of the regenerator, on the other hand, for the cold gases, wherein the increase in the head loss during the heating phase is at least 5 times as great as the product .rho..g.H, in which H is the height of the regenerator, .rho. is the density of the gas at a temperature of 20.degree. C. and g is the acceleration due to gravity, and the gas flow rate is at least equal to 300 m.sup.3 N/h.m.sup.2 of surface area of the hot grid at standard pressure.

Abstract: A regenerator is provided which has an annular heat-storage medium composed of bulk material (16) and disposed between two coaxial cylindrical gratings (2 and 3, respectively), a hot collecting chamber (4) enclosed by the inner, hot grating (3) and a cold collecting chamber (6) enclosed between the outer, cold grating (2), on the one hand, and the housing wall (1) of the regenerator, on the other, in which regenerator the hot collecting chamber (4) is closed off by a lid (9) resting on the upper rim of the hot grating (3) and there is provided, at a distance above the lid (9), a shield (11) which is attached to the housing wall (1) of the regenerator and is not physically linked to the lid (9).

Abstract: A method is provided for heating a gas in a regenerator with a heat accumulation mass consisting of a loose bulk material arranged in a ring between two coaxial cylindrical grids, a hot collection chamber, surrounded by the inner hot grid, for the hot gases and a cold collection chamber, enclosed between the outer cold grid, on the one hand, and the wall of the regenerator, on the other hand, for the cold gases, wherein the increase in the head loss during the heating phase is at least 5 times as great as the product .rho..g.H, in which H is the height of the regenerator, .rho. is the density of the gas at a temperature of 20.degree. C. and g is the acceleration due to gravity, and the gas flow rate is at least equal to 300 m.sup.3 N/h.m.sup.2 of surface area of the hot grid at standard pressure.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring the flow rate of a stream of material includes an impeller shaft; an impeller wheel secured to the impeller shaft; a first roller bearing having an inner race receiving and supporting the impeller shaft; a drive motor having an output shaft; a first gear secured to the output shaft; a second gear secured to the impeller shaft; and a third gear meshing with the first and second gears, whereby the drive motor is drivingly connected to the impeller shaft by the first, second and third gears for rotating the impeller shaft with a predetermined rpm. The stream of material is directed onto the impeller wheel, whereby a braking torque is applied to the impeller wheel by the stream of material impinging thereon.

Abstract: For measuring a preferably heterogeneous mass stream there is a class of measuring apparatus that uses a rotary member carried by a shaft and driven at constant speed, said rotary member deflecting radially the mass stream acting axially upon the rotary member, thereby giving it a tangential velocity component. The torque dependent on the mass stream is measured on the shaft. For this purpose a first spur wheel is provided on the shaft, that meshes with a second spur wheel. The second spur wheel is mounted in a carrier member that is in turn mounted so as to rotate about the axis of the shaft and held in position by a forcesensing device. To improve the measuring sensitivity the second spur wheel has a second toothed engagement opposite the first spur wheel with an internal toothed wheel rim which is also mounted so as to rotate about the axis of the shaft and set rotating by a driving pinion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a regenerator for heating gases, by alternatingly first heating heat carriers, preferably a bed of heat carrier bodies, and thereafter utilizing this energy stored by the heat carriers to heat cold gases. The essential feature of the invention is that a loose bed of the heat carriers is located between two coaxial and equidistant grates of the regenerator, and that the hot gas flows through this bed from the inside to the outside during the heating up phase of the regenerator and the cold gas flows through it in the reverse direction, from the outside to the inside, during the gas heating phase. This method and the regenerator provide advantages for gas heating due to lower thermal losses of the regenerator itself, and increased heat transmission is obtained due to large heat exchange surfaces of the heat carriers in a bed with a relatively low pressure loss for the gas flowing through.

Abstract: A method for two-stage melt reduction of iron ore, in which iron ore is prereduced substantially to wustite and at the same time melted down in a melting cyclone, and then liquid hot metal is produced in an iron bath reactor connected to the outlet of the melting cyclone and receiving the melted wustite by adding carbonaceous fuels and oxidizing gas to the melt. The resulting reaction gas from the melt is afterburned, and the dust-laden, partly burned reaction gases from the iron bath reactor are accelerated and further afterburned by adding a hot blast with a temperature of 800.degree. C. to 1500.degree. C., and at least a portion of such accelerated, after burned reaction gases are introduced into the melting cyclone to reduce and melt fresh iron ore.

Abstract: A method for the melt reduction of iron ores, in which iron oxide in the liquid state is substantially reduced and the energy required for the heat balance of the process is generated by adding carbonaceous fuels to the melt and by afterburning the resulting reaction gases, mainly CO and H.sub.2. The reaction gases are afterburned successively two or more times in oxygen-containing gas jets that blow into reaction spaces which are effectively independent of each other.

Abstract: A metering slide for fine-grained solids for gastight closing and cross-section-variable opening of vessels and piping in pneumatic conveying systems. A sliding plate provided with a metering opening is moved between two slide rings by a drive in a compression-proof slide casing. The intake side slide ring opening has a predetermined nominal width between 1/10 and 1/3 of the outside diameter of the slide ring. The discharge side slide ring has an inside diameter corresponding to 3 times to 10 times the nominal width of the intake. The slide casing is filled with a lubricant which is under a pressure equal to or higher than the operating pressure of the penumatic conveying system.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring a preferably heterogeneous bulk stream having a rotating element borne by a shaft, said element being driven at a constant speed and radially deflecting the bulk stream acting axially upon said rotating element, thereby impressing on it a tangential velocity component, the torque dependent on the bulk stream being measured at the shaft, and having a two-step spur gear disposed in a carrier element and having four spur wheels with geometrical radii R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4, respectively, the first spur wheel which is disposed on the shaft meshing with the second spur wheel which is disposed on the intermediate shaft and the third spur wheel which is also disposed on the intermediate shaft meshing with the fourth spur wheel disposed on a driving shaft.

Abstract: A method of measuring and/or regulating the mass flow of solid particles in a transported solid particle-gas suspension, the quantity of carrier gas in the solid particle-gas suspension being changed between two constrictions.

Abstract: The valve for supplying a flow medium to a flow medium pipe which alternatingly carries different flow media, in particular to the flow medium pipe of a converter for treating the contents of a converter with various gaseous flow media, exhibits a chamber (20) between the flow medium inlet (7) and the flow medium outlet (10), which chamber may be closed on the side facing the flow medium inlet (7) by a piston (11) and on the side facing the flow medium outlet (10) by a disk (12). The piston (11), on the side turned away from the chamber (20), and the chamber (20) are optionally connectable via separate flow medium pipes (27 and 28, respectively) with the flow medium inlet (7) and the free atmosphere, respectively, to close the chamber (20) by the piston (11) and evacuate the chamber, or with the free atmosphere and the flow medium inlet (7), respectively, to open the chamber (20) by the piston (11).

Abstract: A method and a means for introducing close-grained carbonaceous fuels, which are suspended in a carrier gas, and oxygen into an iron melting bath are described.In this method the fuel and the oxygen can be alternately introduced through the same introduction passage of a tuyere into an iron melting bath below the surface of the bath.The means provides for alternate supply of fuel or oxygen and is regulated by means of the oxygen line pressure.

Abstract: A method and a means for introducing close-grained carbonaceous fuels, which are suspended in a carrier gas, and oxygen into a molten iron bath are described.In this method the fuel and the oxygen can be alternately introduced through the same introduction passage of a tuyere into a molten iron bath below the surface of the bath.The means provides for alternate supply of fuel or oxygen and is regulated by means of the oxygen line pressure.

Abstract: The invention describes a method and a means for supplying nozzles comprising concentric pipes with gaseous and/or liquid hydrocarbons in which oxygen or oxygen-containing gases are simultaneously introduced into a converter. In so doing, the gases and/or liquid hydrocarbons are conducted through collecting pipes leading into distribution chambers. They are conducted from the distribution chambers through hydrocarbon volume control devices, which are integrally arranged along with the hydrocarbon distribution devices in a rotatable device element of the rotatable control unit, on to nozzle pipes. Then, the gaseous hydrocarbons are further conducted through a safety control member arranged downstream from the hydrocarbon volume control device. Thus, the even supply of gaseous and/or liquid hydrocarbons to the nozzles is ensured at highly varying throughput rates and alternate supply, in a manner which is simple and reliable.

Abstract: A tuyere for the injection of both a refining gas such as oxygen into a melting or refining vessel, and a fluid protective medium such as a hydrocarbon gas or a liquid surrounding the injected refining gas, in which there is a solid center in the pipe through which the refining gas is suplied so that the refining gas enters the refining vessel as an annulus around which the protective fluid is disposed.The tuyere is installd in the refractory lining of the refining vessel and the fluids passing into the vessel through the tuyere are proportioned so that burning back of the tuyere and erosion or wear of the lining take place at the same rate.The protective medium cools the tuyere and avoids reactions between the refining gas and the tuyere material.