Abstract: A gas laser has a laser tube which has one end extending into a connecting flange of the reservoir and the laser tube is soldered to the flange by a circumferential soldering. This structure will reduce intensity fluctuations of the laser, which is preferably an argon laser.

Abstract: A gas laser includes a housing tube and a capillary projecting therebeyond and having a Brewster window attached at a free end of the capillary. Laser power is increased without an increase in laser length by providing a mirror which terminates the housing in vacuum-tight fashion and is secured to the housing tube beyond an end of the capillary as an extension of the discharge channel of the capillary.

Abstract: In an ion laser having a discharge channel extending through a ceramic tube, a coil of thermal conductive material is placed around the ceramic tube and the tube and coil combination are inserted into a bore of a heat eliminating device. The tube, coil, and heat eliminating device are soldered to one another so as to provide clearance between individual turns of the coil, thereby providing good cooling characteristics and enhanced power of the laser without risk of breakage of the ceramic tube.

Abstract: A gas laser tube with a vacuum envelope, includes:a tubular section formed of an electrically insulating material with a coefficient of thermal expansion H.sub.1 ;an end section formed of an electrically insulating material with a coefficient of thermal expansion H.sub.2, such that ##EQU1## wherein i=1, 2; and a transition element connecting the tubular section to the end section;the transition element including a first metallic section adjacent the tubular section and a second metallic section, the first and second metallic sections having different respective coefficients of thermal expansion H.sub.3 and H.sub.

Abstract: A gas laser having a cylindrical discharge tube, which consists of a glass casing or envelope sealed at each end by a metallic end cap, each of said end caps having a metal tubular component soldered therein to support a reflector or mirror to form an optical resonator, a capillary, which is secured in the casing adjacent one end cap, whose tubular component acts as an anode, to extend in the glass casing coaxially and is supported in the casing by at least one spring element at an axially displaced position, and a cold cathode, which surrounds at least a portion of the free end of the capillary and is in electrical communication with the other end cap, characterized by the improvement that the glass casing has a length of at least 40 cm so that the output of the laser is at least 10 mW.

Abstract: A gas laser havinng a cylindrically-shaped discharge tube in which at least one end is terminated with a metal end cap which supports a mirror body in its central area, supports a metal pump stem in a position eccentric to the longitudinal axis of the tube and supports a thermal compensation element in a position opposite and radially symmetrical to the pump stem whereby at gas laser operating temperatures, the compensation element deforms the metal end cap to substantially the same extent as the pump stem so that the influence of cap deformation on the mirror orientation relative to the longitudinal axis of the tube is minimized or at least approximately compensated.

Abstract: A gas laser having a vacuum-tight discharge tube characterized by the discharge tube consisting of a glass cylinder whose two ends are closed by metal caps. Each of the metal caps support a mirror member which is connected to a transition member by a glass solder connection. A laser capillary which is made of glass has one end fused to the glass cylinder and has its other end supported by a spring which consists of a material which has a high heat resistance and may be hardened after assembly with the laser capillary and discharge tube. The laser capillary has a portion surrounded by a cold cathode which is disposed in the interior of the discharge tube and consists of a rolled sheet of resilient metal which tightly engages the inner surface of the discharge tube due to its own resilient spring force.