Abstract: The invention relates to the driving of rollers of roller cavity suction apparatus for conveying or braking material webs whereby the motors for driving at least one of the rollers receive the power output from the pressure drop between the front and reverse side of the web.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the continuous preparation of photographic emulsions by a continuous flow process, in which a volume stream entering a pipe system flows successively through the various sections of this system corresponding to the individual stages of the process, such as the inlet points for introduction of the volume streams, mixing paths and ripening paths.

Abstract: The invention relates to an experimental plant for the coating and drying of material in the form of webs with viscous liquids. The flat loop of web including its guide elements is displaced over one or more fixed casting apparatus and coupled so that the web including the casting apparatus during coating is mounted to be free from vibrations.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for the continuous preparation of photographic emulsions by a continuous flow process, in which a volume stream entering a pipe system flows successively through the various sections of this system corresponding to the individual stages of the process, such as the inlet points for introduction of the volume streams, mixing paths and ripening paths.

Abstract: The invention relates to a commonly used type of casting device for coating webs with a single or a plurality of layers, comprising a casting block supported by brackets and comprising a plurality of shaped parts screwed together, in the casting block being rigidly fixed to a torsion-free hollow support and forming therewith a unit which is fixed to the brackets by a three-point bearing.

Abstract: The device for detecting local thickening in webs of paper or film is based on the fact that the thickenings are first mechanically sensed and the mechanical sensing is converted by simple means into an electrical signal. The arrangement consists basically of a stationary roller over which the web to be examined is guided and a pivotal sensor roller mounted at a narrow interval from the guide roller. The sensor roller is mounted on two separate pivotal levers and rotates at the same speed as, but in the opposite direction to, the guide roller. The pivotal levers are provided with stops which determine a gap between the guide roller and the sensor roller through which the web is guided. The stops are in the form of contact switches through which the same electrical current successively flows, so that the flow of current is temporarily interrupted when one or both stops is lifted off its support when a thickening passes through the gap.

Abstract: The tension level of moving webs of material is adjusted or measured and regulated by means of a guide roller mounted on parallel swing arms which include an angle 0 <.alpha. <90.degree. with the horizontal, .alpha. lying in an angular range of .+-. 15.degree. around the value .alpha..sub.M at which the traction applied to the web by the guide roller is at a minimum.

Abstract: An arrangement for the production of webs coated with several emulsions, comprising coating and drying means arranged in succession, in the latter being connected to air supply and discharge shafts. A plurality of coating means are arranged at a selectable spacing from one another along the web which is guided in loop formation, the physical parameters for coating and drying are adjustable for each layer.