Abstract: Aluminum salts of phosphinic acid or diphosphinic acids having alkyl and/or aryl substitutes, obtainable by heating an ester of the corresponding phosphinic acids or diphosphinic acids with aluminum hydroxide at a temperature of more than 150° C. under pressure in the presence of water, are distinguished by a particular crystal structure and are suitable as flameproofing agents for plastics.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a synergistic flame retardant combination for thermoplastic polymers, preferably engineering plastics, especially for polyesters, which as component A comprises a phosphinic salt of the formula (I) defined in the description and/or a diphosphinic salt of the formula (II) and/or polymers thereof, and as component B comprises a nitrogen compound of the formula (III) to (VIII) defined in the description, or a mixture of the compounds represented by the formulae.

Abstract: Aluminum salts of alkylhydroxymethylphosphinic acids are prepared by reacting phosphonous acids with aluminum hydroxide or paraformaldehyde or trioxane or mixtures thereof in water at 110 to 250° C. under pressure. The resulting aluminumphosphinates are incorporated into polymers, in particular into polyesters, and have a flame retardant action therein.

Abstract: Aluminum salts of phosphinic acid or diphosphinic acids having alkyl and/or aryl substitutes, obtainable by heating an ester of the corresponding phosphinic acids or diphosphinic acids with aluminum hydroxide at a temperature of more than 150° C. under pressure in the presence of water, are distinguished by a particular crystal structure and are suitable as flameproofing agents for plastics.

Abstract: Salt mixtures made from aluminum phosphinates, aluminum hydroxide and/or aluminum phosphonates and/or aluminum phosphates are thermally stable and are suitable as flame retardants for polymeric molding compositions, in particular for polyesters and polyamides. The use of these salt mixtures is more effective and more cost-effective than the use of aluminum phosphinates alone.

Abstract: Aluminum salts of alky-(1-alkoxyethyl)phosphinic acids are prepared by reacting alky-(1-alkoxyethyl)phospihnic acids with aluminum hydroxide in a molar ratio of 3:1. The resulting aluminum phosphinates are used as flame retardants in thermoplastics, particularly in polyesters.

Abstract: Aluminum salts of phosphinic acid or diphosphinic acids having alkyl and/or aryl substitutes, obtainable by heating an ester of the corresponding phosphinic acids or diphosphinic acids with aluminum hydroxide at a temperature of more than 150° C. under pressure in the presence of water, are distinguished by a particular crystal structure and are suitable as flameproofing agents for plastics.

Abstract: A process for preparing aluminum salts (I) of dialkylphosphinic acids or (formula (II)) of alkylated diphosphinic acids where R1 and R2 are a linear or branched C1-C8-alkyl radical and R3 is a linear or branched C1-C10-alkylene radical or an arylene radical or an alkylarylene radical or an arylalkylene radical, which comprises reacting a dialkylphosphinic acid ester of the formula (III) or a diphosphinic acid ester of the formula (IV) where R1, R2 and R3 are as defined above and R4 is a linear or branched C1-C8-alkyl radical, in the presence of a saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid having a total of from 1 to 7 carbon atoms, with aluminum hydroxide at a temperature of from 150 to 350° C.

Abstract: A catalyst comprising rhodium and a compound of the formula (I) in which m is a number from 1 to 1000; x is a number from 0 to 4; W is a group of the formulae —CH2—CH2—, —CH(CH3)CH2—or —CH2CH(CH3)—; R is hydrogen, a straight-chain or branched C1-C5— alkyl radical; or a group of the formulae where a, b, c, d and e independently of one another are a number from 0 to 1000, at least one of the numbers a, b, c, d and e being greater than 0; R5, R6, R7, R8 and R9 are identical or different and are hydrogen, C1-C5-alkyl or a group of the formula R1 and R2 are identical or different and are a straight-chain, branched or cyclic C1-C30-alkyl radical or C6-10-aryl radical, which is unsubstituted or substituted by from one to five C1-C3-alkyl radicals, and L is C1-C5-alkyl, C1-C5-alkoxy, NO2, NR3R4, where R3 and R4 independently of one another are hydrogen or C1-C4-alkyl, or L is Cl or OH, for hydroformylation re

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for preparing salts of organic acids of phosphorus. The organic acid is reacted with aluminum hydroxide in the presence of a polar solvent selected from acetic acid, propionic acid, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, butanol, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, and acetonitrile.

Abstract: A compound is disclosed having the formula (I), in which m equals 1 to 1000; x equals 0 to 4; W is a group of formulas --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --, --CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2 -- or --CH.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)--; R is hydrogen, a straight-chain or branched-chain C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl radical; or a group of formulas (a) or (b), in which a, b, c, d and e independently represent a number from 0 to 1000, at least one of the numbers represented by a, b, c, d and e being higher than 0; R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8 and R.sup.9 are the same or different and represent hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl or a group of formula (c); R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are the same or different and represent a straight-chain, a branched-chain or a cyclic C.sub.1 -C.sub.30 alkyl radical or C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 aryl radical which is non-substituted or substituted by one to five C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl radicals, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.

Abstract: An improved fungicidal composition is a mixture of (a) fungicide used to combat phytopathogenic fungi and (b) at least one phosphonate or phosphinate of formula R.sup.1 R.sup.2 P(O)OR.sup.3 where R.sup.1 is C.sub.6-20 alkyl, C.sub.6-20 alkoxy or optionally substituted phenyl, R.sup.2 is benzyl, C.sub.6-20 alkyl optionally interrupted by NH or O, di-C.sub.6-20 alkylamino or the group --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --R.sup.1 P(O)OR.sup.3, and R.sup.3 C.sub.6-20 alkyl. Some of the compounds of formula (I) are novel.

Abstract: Salts of 1-hydroxydihydrophosphole oxides and 1-hydroxyphospholane oxides and use thereof as flame retardants. The salts of 1-hydroxydihydrophosphole oxides and 1-hydroxyphospholane oxides are useful as flame retardants, especially for plastics such as polyester or polyamide. The aluminum salts are preferred.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of alkyl arylphosphinites of the formula (I) in whichR.sup.1 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.16)-alkyl, cyclohexyl, cyclopentyl, aryl which can also be substituted by halogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)-alkoxy groupsR.sup.2 is aryl which can also be substituted by halogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)-alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)-alkoxy groups, where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together with the phosphorous atom can also form a ring andR.sup.3 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)-alkyl,which comprises reacting halo(aryl)phosphines of the formula (II) ##STR1## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2 have the meaning given above and X is halogen, with ammonia-containing alcohols of the formula (III)R.sup.3 OH (III)in which R.sup.3 has the meaning given above.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a flame-retardant thermoplastic molding composition obtained by treating a mixture containing from 60 to 90% by weight of a thermoplastic polyester and from 10 to 40% by weight of aluminum hydroxide at from 230 to 330.degree. C. under subatmospheric pressure, where from 0.9 to 1.2 mol of water is removed per mole of aluminum hydroxide used.

Abstract: Polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate or polybutylene terephthalate are provided with a flame-retardant finish by addition of calcium salts or aluminum salts of phosphinic or diphosphinic acids.

Abstract: The hydrolysis stability of trivalent organic phosphorus compounds of the formula I ##STR1## used as stabilizers for thermoplastics is improved if these compounds are treated with 0.01 to 5% by weight of an oxide, a carbonate, a hydroxide, a bicarbonate or a carboxylate of a metal of groups 1a, 2a, 2b and 7b of the periodic table of the elements. The storage stability and the ease of handling are increased and the discoloration of the stabilized polymers is reduced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the formula (I) ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is H or an alkyl radical having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 is a straight-chain alkylene radical having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an oxygen-containing alkylene radical having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, a radical of the formula (II) or (III) ##STR2## or a cycloalkylene radical having from 3 to 10 carbon atoms, R.sup.3 is an alkyl radical having from 1 to 25 carbon atoms or an aryl radical having from 6 to 10 carbon atoms, A is a radical --COO.sup.- or --SO.sub.3 .sup.- and x=0, y=1, m=1 and n=1, or x=1, y=1, m=(1 or 2) and n=(1 or 2), or, if R.sup.2 is a radical of the formula (II) or (III), x=1, y=0, m=(0 or 1) and n=(0 or 1), and also a process for their preparation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a flame-resistant epoxy resin mixture comprising epoxy resins, phosphorus-containing compounds and a hardener, which comprises a phosphorus-containing compound of the formula I or II ##STR1## in which R1 and R2 are identical or different and are a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a cyclohexyl, cyclopentyl or aryl radical or an alkyl- or alkoxy-substituted alkyl radical of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, it also being possible for R1 and R2, together with the P atom, to form a ring, and m and n are 0 or 1, to a process for their preparation and to their use.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a storage-stable, phosphorus-modified epoxy resin having an epoxide value of 0.05 to 0.6 mol/100 g and comprising 5 to 25% by weight of an ester-anhydride formed from a phosphonic acid diester, phosphinic acid ester or mixture of these esters and phosphorus pentoxide, and to a process for its preparation by reaction of 95 to 75 parts by weight of an epoxy resin (A) having an epoxide value of 0.1 to 0.8 mol/100 g and 5 to 25 parts by weight of the ester-anhydride in the presence or absence of a solvent at -20 to 150.degree. C.