Abstract: The invention relates to indole derivatives of formula (I) or (II) for use as inflammation modulators, especially having an inhibitory effect on protein kinases. Formula (I), wherein n=0 or 1, R1=R2=3-indole, R3═COOH— or a ketone, X═O or NH; with the proviso that if n=0, R4═OH and R5=3-indole; and if n=1, R4 together with R5 represents an indole ring system condensed to the structure in the 2,3 position and X═NH. Formula (II), wherein R1=R2=3-indole, X═O, CH2 or a carbonyl group; X═O, a carbonyl group NH or >C═N(R′)2 with R′═CH3 or C2H5. The novel indole derivatives isolated from Melassezia are especially useful as substances for producing a medicament for the treatment of inflammatory or proliferative diseases, especially of the skin, but also of other organ systems.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing diisobutylene (DIB) from an i-butene-containing C4 raffinate I, in which the C4 stream is passed through a first hydroisomerization reactor (A) and a fractionation column (B) and is thus largely freed of 1-butene and 2-butene. It is subsequently dimerized over an acidic catalyst installed in a reactive column (E). The feed stream to this reactive column contains not only i-butene but also butanes which make the reaction temperature in the fixed bed controllable by removal of the heat of reaction. In the fractionation column (B), a side stream can be subjected to a further hydroisomerization in a reactor (C).

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing diisobutylene (DIB) from an i-butene-containing C4 raffinate I, in which the C4 stream is passed through a first hydroisomerization reactor (A) and a fractionation column (B) and is thus largely freed of 1-butene and 2-butene. It is subsequently dimerized over an acidic catalyst installed in a reactive column (E). The feed stream to this reactive column contains not only i-butene but also butanes which make the reaction temperature in the fixed bed controllable by removal of the heat of reaction. In the fractionation column (B), a side stream can be subjected to a further hydroisomerization in a reactor (C).

Abstract: In the removal of pure aromatics from aromatic-containing hydrocarbon mixtures by liquid-phase extraction or extractive distillation using a selective solvent, the specific cost of separation can be reduced at the same yield of aromatics or the yield of aromatics can be increased at the same specific cost of separation if the liquid-phase extraction or the extractive distillation is carried out in the presence of a reactive solid. At the same time, substantially aromatic-free raffinates are obtained.

Abstract: Olefinic hydrocarbons present in mixtures containing tert.-alkyl alkyl ethers and, if appropriate, other saturated aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons can be hydrogenated with substantial preservation of the ethers if the catalyst used has an active component for hydrogenation on a catalyst support having a specific surface area of more than 50 m.sup.2 /g and a pore diameter of, in the main, <1,000 nm.