Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing hydroxy-functional polyurethane carbonates by reacting a) a dihydroxy- or higher hydroxy-functional polymer having a number average molecular weight of 500 to 100,000 and containing aliphatic carbonate groups and optionally ester groups with b) compounds containing at least one primary or secondary amino group and at least one hydroxy group to form urethane groups, wherein components a) and b) are present in amounts which correspond to a molar ratio of carbonate and ester groups of component a) to primary and secondary amino groups of component b) of greater than 1:1 to 20:1. The present invention also relates to the hydroxy-functional polyurethane carbonates obtained by this process and to their use as a binder component in polyurethane compositions, especially coating compositions.

Abstract: A process is described for the preparation of stable, agglomerate-free, low-viscosity graft copolymer dispersions by the free-radical polymerization of olefinic monomers, such as styrene and/or acrylonitrile, with polyol compounds in the presence of a hydroxyl compound modified with castor oil. The use of these graft copolymer dispersions in the manufacture of polyurethane plastics, particularly flexible foams, by the isocyanate polyaddition process is also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing polyisocyanates containing isocyanurate groups by trimerizing a portion of the isocyanate groups of an organic polyisocyanate component containinga) one or more diisocyanates corresponding to formula (1) ##STR1## wherein R represents a saturated, straight-chain, aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 8 to 15 carbon atoms and optionallyb) up to 95 NCO equivalent-%, based on the total equivalents a) and b), of one or more organic polyisocyanates other than a),in the presence of trimerization catalysts and terminating the trimerization reaction at any desired degree of trimerization.The invention also relates to the polyisocyanates containing isocyanurate groups obtained by this process and to their use, optionally in excess starting polyisocyanates and optionally blocked with blocking agents for isocyanate groups, as an isocyanate component for preparing polyisocyanate addition products.

Abstract: The present invention relates to mixtures of cycloaliphatic diisocyanates corresponding to formula 1) ##STR1## wherein R represents a saturated, linear, aliphatic hydrocarbon residue having 8 to 15 carbon atoms.The present invention also relates to a process for the preparation of these diisocyanate mixtures and to their use for the production of polyisocyanate addition products.

Abstract: Completely open-celled rigid polyurethane foams are produced by subjecting closed-celled or partially closed-celled rigid polyurethane foams to applied external pressure. These open-celled foams are useful as filling material in insulating panels or as insulating foams.

Abstract: Substantially closed-cell rigid foams containing urethane, urea and biuret groups are produced by reacting an NCO terminated prepolymer with a compound having at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms and a molecular weight of from about 400 to about 10,000 in the presence of a catalyst and water by any of the known techniques. The NCO terminated prepolymer is the reaction product of x parts by weight of an at least difunctional polyol having an OH value of less than 100 with y parts by weight of an at least difunctional polyisocyanate. The ratio of x to y is at least 1:10. The product foams are particularly useful as insulating materials.

Abstract: Organic carbodiimides are produced by carbodiimidization of isocyanate groups with catalysts of the phospholine type. At the end of the carbodiimidization reaction, the catalyst system is removed by introducing carbon dioxide in vacuo at temperatures of from about 100.degree. to about 250.degree. C. The carbodiimides produced by this process are particularly useful as stabilizers for plastics.

Abstract: A new process for the standardization and stabilization with simultaneous increase of reactivity of organic polyisocyanates and the polyisocyanates produced by this process. A polyisocyanate is mixed with compounds having at least one epoxide group which are represented by a specified formula. This mixture is then stabilized with a silylating agent and/or alkylating agent represented by specified formula. The polyisocyanate/epoxide mixture may optionally be heated before the stabilizing agents are added. These polyisocyanates are useful in the production of polyisocyanate addition products.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the conditioning and/or purification of organic isocyanates bya) mixing organic isocyanates at 20.degree. to 150.degree. C. with 0.001 to 1 mole %, based on the isocyanate, of a silylated acid corresponding to the formulaX-[Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3 ].sub.nwhereinX represents the neutral acid residue obtained by removing the acidic hydrogen atoms from an n-basic acid having a pKa value of at most 3, with the exception of hydrohalic acids andn is an integer from 1 to 3, andb) optionally working up the resulting mixture by distillation after a residence time of at least 5 minutes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of oligomeric polyisocyanates in which(a) a portion of the isocyanate groups of organic polyisocyanates is oligomerized in the presence of catalysts that accelerate the dimerization of isocyanate groups, and(b) the oligomerization reaction is terminated after reaction of about 5 to about 45% of the isocyanate groups present in said organic polyisocyanates by the addition of a catalyst poison comprising a silylated acid corresponding to the formulaX--[Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3 ].sub.nwhereinX represents the neutral acid residue obtained by removal of the acidic hydrogen atoms from an n-basic acid having a pK.sub.a value of at most 3, other than a hydrohalic acid, andn is an integer of 1 to 3.

Abstract: The present invention relates to dimerization catalysts which are suitable for the dimerization of organic isocyanates by heterogeneous catalysis, wherein the catalysts contain tertiary phosphines adsorbed onto adsorbent, porous carrier materials having a particle size (90%) of 0.1 to 10 mm, a pore volume of 0.4 to 1.4 ml/g, an average pore diameter of 5 to 50 nm and a specific surface area (BET) of 100 to 700 m.sup.2 /g.The present invention also relates to a process for the preparation of these catalysts by the adsorption of tertiary phosphines onto these carrier materials, optionally in the presence of inert solvents.Finally, the present invention relates to the use of these catalysts for the preparation of polyisocyanates containing uretdione and isocyanurate groups by the dimerization and trimerization of a proportion of the isocyanate groups of organic diisocyanates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to liquid storable organic isocyanates containing carbodiimide and/or uretone imine groups prepared by(a) partially carbodiimidizing isocyanate groups of an organic isocyanate with catalysts of the phospholine type, and(b) terminating the carbodiimidization reaction by the addition of a silylated acid corresponding to the formulaX--[Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3 ].sub.nin whichX represents the neutral acid residue obtained by removal of the acidic hydrogen atoms from an n-basic acid having a pK.sub.a value of at most 3, other than a hydrohalic acid, andn is an integer of 1 to 3.The invention further relates to the use of the liquid polyisocyanate mixtures according to the invention for the preparation of polyurethane plastics, preferably polyurethane foams, having improved burning behavior.

Abstract: Rigid substantially closed cell foams are made by reacting an organic isocyanate with a mixture of high molecular weight polyols in the presence of water, a catalyst and other optional materials such as chain extenders, crosslinking agents and flameproofing agents. The reactants are used in quantities such that the isocyanate to hydroxyl group index is from about 90 to about 150. The mixture of high molecular weight polyols is composed of (1) a polyester having at least two hydroxyl groups and an OH number greater than 150 and/or a polyether having at least two hydroxyl groups and an OH number greater than 200 and (2) a polyether having at least two hydroxyl groups and an OH number below 100. The foams produced in accordance with this process are useful as insulating materials and as structural reinforcing materials.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of an isocyanurate group-containing polyisocyanate by(a) partially reacting the isocyanate groups of an organic diisocyanate containing aliphatically and/or cycloaliphatically bound isocyanate groups in the presence of an ammonium or phosphonium fluoride trimerization catalyst,(b) introducing carbon dioxide into the reaction mixture at least periodically during the reaction and(c) terminating the reaction at the desired degree of conversion.The present invention also relates to the isocyanurate group-containing polyisocyanates obtained in accordance with this process.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to catalysts obtained by mixing alkali fluorides with quaternary ammonium or phosphonium salts.The present invention is also directed to a process for the production of these catalysts by stirring alkali fluorides and quaternary ammonium or phosphonium salts in alcohol, separating any deposits formed, removing the alcohol and converting the catalyst into useful form by dilution in solvents or absorption onto support materials.Finally, the present invention is directed to the use of the new catalysts as trimerization catalysts for the production of polyisocyanates containing isocyanurate groups.

Abstract: This invention relates to the novel compound 1-(N-formylamino)-2,4-dicyanobutane, which is useful as an intermediate, for example, in the preparation of -aminomethyl glutamic acid. This invention further relates to a process for the production of 1-(N-formylamino)-2,4-dicyanobutane by the reaction of 2,4-dicyano-1-butene and formamide in the presence of 4-aminopyridine derivative.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to monoformylated 3,3'-diaminodipropylamine mixtures corresponding to formulae I and II ##STR1## The present invention is also directed to a process for the production of these mixtures by reacting acrylonitrile and formamide in the presence of a 4-aminopyridine derivative to form N,N-bis-(2-cyanoethyl)-formamide which is then hydrogenated to the monoformylated 3,3'-diaminopropylamine mixture corresponding to formulae I and II.Finally, the present invention is also directed to the use of these mixtures as chain extending agents for the preparation of polyurethanes by the polyisocyanate polyaddition process.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a new chemical compound, 1,5-diaminoheptanol-6, which corresponds to the formula ##STR1## The present invention is additionally directed to a process for the preparation of 1,5-diaminoheptanol-6 by reacting L-lysine in its free form and/or in the form of its HCl salt, with acetic acid anhydride in the presence of a tertiary organic amino base and with the addition of a 4-aminopyridine derivative, hydrogenating the resulting 1,5-bisacetaminohepthanone-6 to 1,5-bisacetaminoheptanol-6, forming a salt of 1,5-diaminoheptanol-6 by treating 1,5-bisacetaminoheptanone-6 with a mineral acid and isolating the free amine by treating the 1,5-diaminoheptanol-6 salt of a mineral acid with a strong base.Finally, the present invention is directed to the use of 1,5-diaminoheptanol-6 as at least a portion of the chain lengthening agent for the preparation of polyurethane plastics by the isocyanate polyaddition process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to oxidatively drying binders containing ester groups and urethane groups, obtainable by the reaction of(A) about 60 to 98% by weight of esters having an oil length of about 20 to 75% by weight and an OH number of about 20 to 150 selected from(i) partial esters of polyhydric alcohols and long-chain unsaturated fatty acids and/or(ii) polyesters of polyhydric alcohols, long-chain unsaturated fatty acids and polycarboxylic acidswith(B) about 2 to 40% by weight of a polyisocyanate having the following structure ##STR1## wherein R is a C.sub.6 -C.sub.18, preferably a C.sub.8 -C.sub.15 and more preferably a C.sub.10 -C.sub.13 alkyl radical.

Abstract: 2,5-di-(4'-isocyanatobutyl)-3,6-dimethylpyrazine which corresponds to the formula ##STR1## is produced by phosgenating 2,5-di-(4'-aminobutyl)-3,6-dimethylpyrazine. The 2,5-di-(4'-isocyanatobutyl)-3,6-dimethylpyrazine is particularly useful as an isocyanate component for the production of polyurethanes.