Abstract: The invention relates to a headbox for a paper machine, comprising: a plurality of distributor-dampening devices; each distributor-dampening device comprising an upright vessel, said vessel having at its bottom a central inlet for feeding of a pulp suspension, a plurality of sectional flow pipes, each being located at the same height and arranged unitormly around the circumference of the said vessel, further comprising dilution water lines for metering of dilution water into each sectional flow pipe; a forming unit having a slit shaped outlet channel extending at least approximately over the width of the paper machine for dispensing of a flat stream of pulp suspension; the sectional flow pipes of each of the distributors being connected to the outlet channel, each of the said sectional flow pipes at least of approximately have the same length.

Abstract: A starch fiber produced by a spinning process and comprising:A A first amount of 1 to 100 parts of a starch melt-spinnable composition comprising1. a second amount of 56 to 96 parts of at least one modified and/or unmodified starch,2. a third amount of 4 to 40 parts of at least one destructuring agent,3. a fourth amount of 0 to 4 parts of at least one additive, selected from urea, urea derivatives, emulsifiers, lubricants, and proteins and their alkali salts,components 1, 2 and 3 totaling 100 parts; andB a fifth amount of 99 to 0 parts of at least one melt-spinnable polymer,ingredients A and B totaling 100 parts.In addition, there may also be included 0 to 20 parts of conventional additives for melt spinning compositions.The invention further relates to a process for the production of these starch fibers from this melt spinning composition, and to uses for fibers which, by modification with the starch melt-spinnable composition, have special properties.

Abstract: A starch composition including destructurized starch, an acrylate copolymer having a molecular weight of more than 400,000, water, and additives such as plasticizers, lubricants, fillers, reinforcing agents, stabilizers, impact modifiers, and flame retardants. Also disclosed are a method of preparation thereof and articles produced therefrom. The compositions are readily usable on existing devices and can be thermoplastically processed substantially in accordance with methods currently in use.

Abstract: A highly transparent, single-phase biodegradable starch mixture comprising 90 to 1 parts of at least one polyamide and 10 to 99 parts of a starch molding composition, which composition comprises 96 to 46 parts of at least one chemically modified starch and 4 to 40 parts of at least one plasticizer. Preferably, up to 4 parts by weight of at least one additive such as urea, urea derivatives, and emulsifiers are also included; in addition, the starch mixture may contain up to 20 parts by weight of known additives. The invention also relates to a process for producing the highly transparent starch mixture and, in particular, to the use of the starch mixture in thermoplastically shaped parts.

Abstract: A biodegradable, single-phase starch/polymer mixture comprising(a) 10 to 99 parts of a starch molding composition comprising(i) 95 to 45 parts of at least one chemically modified starch, and(ii) 5 to 55 parts of at least one emulsifier, plasticizer or destructurizing agent, the parts of (i) and (ii) adding up to 100; and(b) 90 to 1 parts of at least one linear polymer, the parts by weight of components (a) and (b) adding up to 100. In addition, 0 to 20 parts of additives which are customary in this area are included. A method of preparation, and the use thereof for thermoplastically molded parts, in particular films, is also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for the production of a homogeneous, thermoplastically processible melt. The process includes a. introduction of chemically modified starch into an intake zone of an extruder and conveyance thereof to a receiving zone, b. addition of a prehomogenized liquid mixture of plasticizer, emulsifier, and additives, followed by mixing and further conveyance of the starch liquid mixture through the receiving zone at elevated temperature, c. destructurization of the modified starch without adding any water and conveyance of the starch and mixture at elevated temperature to form a homogeneous, thermoplastically processible melt, d. degassing of the melt at elevated temperature and under reduced pressure, and e. extrusion thereof through a die at elevated temperature and pressure.

Abstract: A composition having at least 50% by weight polyamide and a liquid crystalline polymer capable of forming an optically anisotropic melt above 200.degree. C. Such compositions are transformed by deformation at temperatures below the melting point and above the glass transition temperature of the polyamide. Shaped bodies made thereby have excellent tensile strength and elongation at break characteristics.

Abstract: Heat-resistant, polymer-containing, solvent-free adhesive compositions are prepared by reacting a novel mixture of saturated polyester or copolyester with capped isocyanate under the influence of temperature and, if necessary, catalysts, with evident viscosity increase, with cross-linking as appropriate.The adhesive compositions combine the process-technical properties of low-viscosity melt-adhesives and the strength, tenacity and stability of cross-linked duroplasts or high-viscosity thermoplasts. Subsequent working and protection from explosion are not necessary. Use is possible in each known art for melt-adhesives, e.g. as paste, powder, melt, textiles, or flat structures. In addition, the compositions are suitable as melt coatings or for injection moulding reactions.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of block polyurethane amides in a melt by the reaction of(a) a linear polyamide having terminal carboxylic acid ester groups and which melts at not more than 210.degree. C.; and(b) a polyurethane having hydroxyl groups at its chain ends;at a temperature of 160.degree. C. to 240.degree. C., and in the presence of a trans-esterification accelerator.

Abstract: A controlled deflection roll possesses a roll shell which is radially movable in at least one plane in relation to a roll support. Position feelers or sensors are arranged at the ends of the roll shell. These position feelers control regulators operatively associated with pressure or support elements located between the roll support and the roll shell, as a function of deviations from a predetermined reference or set position, in a manner such that the roll shell is maintained in the reference or set position. It is possible to influence the pressure or support elements by the position feelers either equally or unequally, and specifically, with decreasing intensity in the presence of increasing distance from the related position feeler.

Abstract: A method of, and apparatus for, measuring the throughflow quantity of a liquid substance per unit of time in a papermaking machine, wherein the measurement is undertaken on the basis of the pressure drop at a throttling element, there being used as the throttling element a perforated plate having a multiplicity of parallel channels through which the substance flows.

Abstract: The damping device has a transition section of increasing cross-sectional area with a perforated plate extending across the downstream end. The perforated plate has ducts which increase in cross-sectional area in a step-wise manner. The transition section may have a parabolic profile, a conical profile, an arcuate profile or may be formed of a sequence of conical parts.

Abstract: The head box is provided with a distributor having a plurality of pulp distributing ducts which have terminal sections converging towards the throat of the box. The distributing ducts also have step-like widenings upstream of the terminal sections to create a strong turbulence in the pulp flow to maintain the solids content of the pulp in suspension. The terminal sections terminate short of the throat so as to reduce any risk of cross-flow and thus improve the flow of the pulp.

Abstract: The distribution pipe is of narrowing circular cross-section with an elongated aperture. The pulp guide is mounted via a tongue and groove connection on the pipe to both sides of the aperture in order to hold the pipe together against the peripherally operative tangential force of the pipe. The plates which form the throat can be replaced from time-to-time to change the size of the throat.

Abstract: The auxiliary roll of the separating system is located downstream of the main roll and is spaced from the main roll at a distance less than 0.25 times the diameter of the auxiliary roll and greater than the combined thickness of the two wires and paper web therebetween, e.g. a distance of 10 millimeters. A separating wall is located between the main roll and main wire on the upstream side to block the entry of air between the main wire and main roll. The spacing of the two rolls ensures a positive separation of the paper web on the main wire.