Abstract: 5-Cyanopyrid-6-ones are manufactured by reacting haloacetic acid esters with nitrogen compounds, then reacting the mixture with alkali metal cyanides, and finally reacting it with dicarbonyl compounds. The products are starting materials for the manufacture of dyes, assistants, pharmaceuticals, vitamin B 6, crop protection agents and aminoacids.

Abstract: Amines and substituted ureas are produced by reaction of carboxamides with hypochlorites in the presence of bromine, iodine, polymerization inhibitors, and/or haloamides and excess alkali metal hydroxide with or without the addition of primary or secondary amines. The products are perfumes and starting materials for the production of dyes, plant protection agents and perfumes.

Abstract: The production of 2-hydroxynaphthalene-3-carboxylic acid by heating sodium .beta.-naphtholate in the presence of an araliphatic compound containing two aromatic radicals and/or in the presence of an aromatic ether having at least one aromatic radical etherified with an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or araliphatic radical at a temperature of at least 200.degree. C, reaction with carbon dioxide and reaction of the salt formed with acid. The resultant 2-hydroxy-naphthalene-3-carboxylic acid is a starting material for the production of dyes, a coupling component of surface coating colors and chrome dyes and also a developer for diazotizable dyes.

Abstract: 2-Amino-3,5-dinitrobenzamide is manufactured by nitration of isatoic anhydride with a nitrating mixture of a particular composition at from -20 to +80.degree. C, followed by reaction of the resulting acid phase with ammonia. The product is a starting material for the manufacture of dyes and pesticides.

Abstract: 2-HYDROXYNAPHTHALENE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID IS PRODUCED BY HEATING A MIXTURE OF POTASSIUM .beta.-NAPHTHOLATE AND SODIUM .beta.-NAPHTHOLATE TO A TEMPERATURE OF AT LEAST 180.degree. C, reacting it with carbon dioxide and treating the salt formed with an acid. The product is a dye intermediate, a coupling component of surface coating dyes and chrome dyes, and a developer for diazo dyes.

Abstract: 2-Hydroxynaphthalene-3-carboxylic acid is prepared by the reaction of sodium-.beta.-naphtholate with carbon dioxide, extraction of the reaction mixture in the presence of water with benzene or a benzene derivative in a specific ratio and separation of the end product from the extracted mixture. The product is a starting material for the production of dyes and a coupling component in the manufacture of azo dyes.

Abstract: A process for the production of 1-methyl-3-phenylindans by dimerization of styrenes in the presence of catalysts and of organic compounds which absorb light of from 2000 to 8000 A and which are irradiated with such light. The compounds which can be prepared by the process of the invention are valuable starting materials for the production of dyes and pest control agents.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of 2-hydroxy-naphthalene-3-carboxylic acid by heating sodium .beta.-naphtholate or a mixture of potassium .beta.-naphtholate and sodium .beta.-naphtholate with nitrogen compounds and/or polyphosphates containing at least 3 phosphorus atoms per molecule to a temperature of at least 180.degree. C, reaction with carbon dioxide and subsequent reaction of the resulting salt with acid. The 2-hydroxy-naphthalene-3-carboxylic acid obtainable by the process of the invention is a starting material for the manufacture of dyes, a coupling component for dye lakes and for chrome dyes, and a developer for diazotizable dyes.

Abstract: Dimethylaminobenzenecarboxylic acid esters are produced by reaction of nitrobenzenecarboxylic acid esters with formaldehyde and hydrogen under pressure in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst containing metals of atomic numbers 24 to 29 and of a weak acid, at temperatures from 35.degree. to 150.degree. C. The products are starting materials for the synthesis of dyes, especially of crystal violets, and of reactive dyes and pesticides.

Abstract: Carboxylic acids are manufactured by reaction of methyl ketones with hypochlorites in the presence of bromine, iodine, haloamides, and/or polymerization inhibitors. The products are starting materials for the manufacture of dyes, plant protection agents, tanning agents, pickling agents, bates, vulcanizing agents and scents.

Abstract: The production of unsubstituted or substituted isatoic anhydride by reaction of an alkali metal phthalamate with a hypohalite in the presence of bromine, iodine and/or a halogen amide or polymerization inhibitor. The products are starting materials for the production of dyes, plant protection agents and odorants.

Abstract: The production of dichlorobenzoic acids by reaction of the diazonium compound of a dichloroaminobenzoic acid with an aqueous alcohol solution of specific concentration. The compounds which can be prepared according to the process of the invention are valuable starting materials for the production of pharmaceutical substances, dyes and pesticides.