Abstract: There is provided an optical element comprising an optical element body, a reflecting area and an optical passageway. The optical element body defines an axis of rotational symmetry. The reflecting area is disposed on the optical element body and adapted to be optically used in an exposure process. The optical passageway is arranged within the optical element body and allows light to pass the optical element body, the optical passageway being arranged eccentrically with respect to the axis of rotational symmetry.

Abstract: There is provided an optical element comprising an optical element body, a reflecting area and an optical passageway. The optical element body defines an axis of rotational symmetry. The reflecting area is disposed on the optical element body and adapted to be optically used in an exposure process. The optical passageway is arranged within the optical element body and allows light to pass the optical element body, the optical passageway being arranged eccentrically with respect to the axis of rotational symmetry.

Abstract: In the case of a connecting chain link for link chains having two connecting-link parts (1, 2), their ends (4, 5), which are connected to each other via a respective longitudinal web (3), are held together in the closed position by means of a respective stub (6) gripping into a pocket (7). While each stub (6) is provided with an essentially U-shaped retaining web (19) which has clearances (22, 23) in the region of its limbs (20, 21) running parallel to each other, each pocket (7) is provided with a U-shaped retaining groove (25) whose one wall (24) has recesses (26, 27). The size and position of the clearances (22, 23) and of the recesses (26, 27) make it possible for the connecting-link parts (1, 2) to be joined together in a position in which their stubs (6) and pockets (7) partially overlap.

Abstract: In the case of a connecting chain link for link chains having two connecting-link parts (1, 2) which can be displaced by limited amounts in the longitudinal direction of the connecting link, in order to open and close the connecting link, and which are each provided with a stub (6) at one end (4) and at the other end (5) with a pocket (7) to hold the stub (6), in the closed position the connecting-link parts (1, 2) are locked in place with the aid of a central locking element (10) which rests in shell-shaped supporting surfaces (9) of two projections (8) which protrude into the clear interior of the connecting link.

Abstract: In the case of a connecting chain link having two connecting-link parts (1, 2) which are locked in place in the closed position by means of a bolt-shaped locking element (12) which rests in a holder (11) formed by the connecting-link parts (1, 2), the locking element (12) has, in addition to a central spring lock washer (19) which is used to secure its axial position, two further spring lock washers (23, 24) which are arranged in the region of its end and prevent tilting movements of the locking element (12) in the holder (11).

Abstract: In a chain lock for link chains with a plurality of lock parts (1,2) the lock parts (1,2) are connected with each other by projections. For increasing the load-bearing capacity of the chain lock the projections (5-10) in the area of the transition of their feet into the lock parts (1,2) are provided with impressions effected by depressions (17) which impressions lead to compressive stresses which influence positively the stress conditions in the loaded lock.