Abstract: A method of manufacturing a semiconductor body includes forming a pattern at a first side of a substrate, forming a semiconductor layer on the first side of the substrate, attaching the substrate and the semiconductor layer to a carrier via a surface of the semiconductor layer, and removing the substrate from a second side opposite to the first side.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor body includes a first side and a second side opposite to the first side, a first dielectric disposed on the first side, a second dielectric disposed on the second side, one or more FET devices disposed at the first side, a first contact trench extending through the first dielectric at the first side, a first conductive material disposed in the first contact trench and electrically connected to the semiconductor body, a second contact trench extending through the second dielectric and into the semiconductor body at the second side, and a second conductive material disposed in the second contact trench and electrically connected to the semiconductor body at sidewalls of the second contact trench.

Abstract: A fuel supply system for an internal combustion engine may include a water separator configured to separate a polar phase, for example water, out of fuel. The water separator may be arranged at least one of on and in a fuel supply system component. The water separator may be configured as an electric coalescer. The electric coalescer may have at least two electrodes that are insulated from the fuel.

Abstract: A vehicle has an electric or hybrid-electric traction drive supported by an ungrounded vehicle frame. The vehicle also has a current collector, which can be electrically connected to the traction drive and which can be brought in galvanic contact with a contact line of a grounded contact-line system to supply traction energy. The vehicle contains an electrical protection system for avoiding dangerous contact voltages on the vehicle frame or on a vehicle part connected to the vehicle frame in a conductive manner. The protection system has a first protection stage, a second protection stage, and a switching element, by which the protection system can be switched between the first and the second protection stages. The first protection stage provides greater safety from dangerous contact voltages than the second protection stage. Thus, a protection system can be provided which provides sufficient safety in all operating states of the vehicle.

Abstract: A twin-wheel drive module for driving two vehicle wheels which are disposed spaced axially from one another and rotatable around two axes of rotation aligned with one another. For driving each vehicle wheel, provision is made for a traction motor having a motor shaft disposed in parallel to the axes of rotation, a transmission having an input shaft which is connected to the motor shaft of the traction motor and an output shaft in alignment with the axes of rotation, and a second transmission. The second transmission has an input shaft, which is connected to the output shaft of the first transmission, and an output shaft which rotates around a common axis of rotation with the input shaft configured to receive the vehicle wheel.

Abstract: A vehicle has an electric or hybrid-electric traction drive supported by an ungrounded vehicle frame. The vehicle also has a current collector, which can be electrically connected to the traction drive and which can be brought in galvanic contact with a contact line of a grounded contact-line system to supply traction energy. The vehicle contains an electrical protection system for avoiding dangerous contact voltages on the vehicle frame or on a vehicle part connected to the vehicle frame in a conductive manner. The protection system has a first protection stage, a second protection stage, and a switching element, by which the protection system can be switched between the first and the second protection stages. The first protection stage provides greater safety from dangerous contact voltages than the second protection stage. Thus, a protection system can be provided which provides sufficient safety in all operating states of the vehicle.

Abstract: A fuel supply system for an internal combustion engine may include a water separator configured to separate a polar phase, for example water, out of fuel. The water separator may be arranged at least one of on and in a fuel supply system component. The water separator may be configured as an electric coalescer. The electric coalescer may have at least two electrodes that are insulated from the fuel.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor body having first and second opposing sides. Contact trenches extend, from the first and second sides, through a dielectric and into the semiconductor body. The contact trenches include conductive material electrically connected to the semiconductor body via sidewalls. The contact trenches include a first contact trench extending through a first dielectric and into the semiconductor body at the first side, the first contact trench including a first conductive material electrically connected to the semiconductor body adjoining the first contact trench, a second contact trench extending through a second dielectric and into the semiconductor body at the second side, the second contact trench including a second conductive material, a first contact pattern surrounded by the first dielectric at the first side, and a second contact pattern surrounded by the second dielectric at the second side.

Abstract: One embodiment of a semiconductor device includes a semiconductor body with a first side and a second side opposite to the first side. The semiconductor device further includes a first contact trench extending into the semiconductor body at the first side. The first contact trench includes a first conductive material electrically coupled to the semiconductor body adjoining the first contact trench. The semiconductor further includes a second contact trench extending into the semiconductor body at the second side. The second contact trench includes a second conductive material electrically coupled to the semiconductor body adjoining the second contact trench.

Abstract: A twin-wheel drive module for driving two vehicle wheels which are disposed spaced axially from one another and rotatable around two axes of rotation aligned with one another. For driving each vehicle wheel, provision is made for a traction motor having a motor shaft disposed in parallel to the axes of rotation, a transmission having an input shaft which is connected to the motor shaft of the traction motor and an output shaft in alignment with the axes of rotation, and a second transmission. The second transmission has an input shaft, which is connected to the output shaft of the first transmission, and an output shaft which rotates around a common axis of rotation with the input shaft configured to receive the vehicle wheel.

Abstract: One embodiment of a semiconductor device includes a semiconductor body with a first side and a second side opposite to the first side. The semiconductor device further includes a first contact trench extending into the semiconductor body at the first side. The first contact trench includes a first conductive material electrically coupled to the semiconductor body adjoining the first contact trench. The semiconductor further includes a second contact trench extending into the semiconductor body at the second side. The second contact trench includes a second conductive material electrically coupled to the semiconductor body adjoining the second contact trench.

Abstract: Sensor system (70) for detecting a target substance in a reference liquid, comprising a measurement cantilever (71) being functionalized by application of a first coating to one of the measurement cantilever's surfaces, whereby this first coating is sensitive to the target substance. In addition, the system (70) comprises a reference cantilever (72) with a reference coating on one of the reference cantilever's surfaces, whereby this reference coating is less sensitive to the target substance than the first coating. Both cantilevers are arranged such that they can be exposed in a reference step to the reference liquid and in a detection step to the reference liquid with the target substance. A detector unit (73, 74, 83) is employed for determining the difference in the deflection of the measurement cantilever (71) and the reference cantilever (72) during the reference step and the detection step.

Abstract: The system is intended to have the ability to differentiate between various characteristic driving maneuvers, so that a special triggering algorithm of restraint devices can be initiated for each class of driving maneuvers. This system has an acceleration sensor that measures the acceleration of the vehicle in the direction of its vertical axis. A classifier is provided which, when the measured acceleration is above a threshold of 1 g, decides on a driving maneuver in which the vehicle lifts upward on one side, as when driving on a ramp. If the measured acceleration is between 0 g and 1 g, then the classifier decides on a driving maneuver during which the vehicle tips downward on one side, as when driving on a slope.

Abstract: In order to perform a simple plausibility check of a rollover decision which is as reliable as possible, an arrangement is provided which signal plausibility of the rollover decision if an acceleration measured in the direction of the vertical axis of the vehicle is either above a preset upper threshold or below a preset lower threshold, or if the acceleration measured in the direction of the vertical axis is between the two thresholds, but an acceleration measured in the direction of the transverse axis of the motor vehicle simultaneously exceeds a threshold which depends on the acceleration measured in the direction of the vertical axis.

Abstract: The arrangement is to allow timely rollover recognition in the event of tipping over an embankment. For this purpose, the arrangement determines a predictive value of the yaw rate of the vehicle after a fictitious impact of the wheels on one longitudinal side of the vehicle against the ground from a yaw rate prevailing prior to the fictitious impact, the momentum of the vehicle in the direction of its vertical axis, and the angular momentum of the center of gravity of the vehicle prior to the fictitious impact. In addition, using the currently measured angle of inclination of the vehicle, it determines a critical yaw rate of the vehicle about its longitudinal axis instantaneously measured by the arrangement, which would be required to cause the vehicle to roll over. A conclusion is drawn about an imminent rollover if the predictive value of the yaw rate exceeds the critical yaw rate.

Abstract: In order to clearly distinguish between a short adult and a child sitting in a booster seat, for example, on the passenger seat of a vehicle, a video sensor system (4) detects the head height of the person sitting in the passenger seat (1). A footwell sensor (5, 6) recognizes whether a person is touching the floor in front of the passenger seat (1) with one foot or both feet. An analyzer unit (7) classifies the person sitting in the passenger seat (1) as a child for whom it causes a passenger air bag (3) present to be deactivated if the video sensor system (4) registers a head height that is less than a predefined threshold (SH) and, at the same time, the footwell sensor (5,6) detects no foot contact with the floor in front of the passenger seat (1).

Abstract: The arrangement is to allow timely rollover recognition in the event of tipping over an embankment. For this purpose, the arrangement determines a predictive value of the yaw rate of the vehicle after a fictitious impact of the wheels on one longitudinal side of the vehicle against the ground from a yaw rate prevailing prior to the fictitious impact, the momentum of the vehicle in the direction of its vertical axis, and the angular momentum of the center of gravity of the vehicle prior to the fictitious impact. In addition, using the currently measured angle of inclination of the vehicle, it determines a critical yaw rate of the vehicle about its longitudinal axis instantaneously measured by the arrangement, which would be required to cause the vehicle to roll over. A conclusion is drawn about an imminent rollover if the predictive value of the yaw rate exceeds the critical yaw rate.

Abstract: In order to perform a simple plausibility check of a rollover decision which is as reliable as possible, an arrangement is provided which signal plausibility of the rollover decision if an acceleration measured in the direction of the vertical axis of the vehicle is either above a preset upper threshold or below a preset lower threshold, or if the acceleration measured in the direction of the vertical axis is between the two thresholds, but an acceleration measured in the direction of the transverse axis of the motor vehicle simultaneously exceeds a threshold which depends on the acceleration measured in the direction of the vertical axis.

Abstract: The system is intended to have the ability to differentiate between various characteristic driving maneuvers (K1, K2, K3), so that a special triggering algorithm of restraint devices can be initiated for each class of driving maneuvers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a control system for a hybrid system comprising at least one energy store (1) and an energy source (2), the control system using a charge state (Z) in the at least one energy store (1), a nominal operating point (P11) of the energy source (2) and a system power (P1) which is currently to be output to ascertain a storage power (P3) which is to be output or received by the at least one energy store (1) and a source power (P2) which is to be output by the energy source (2) on the basis of at least one optimization criterion.