Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing salts of dialkylphosphinic acids, which comprises a) reacting alkylphosphonous and/or hypophosphorous acid and/or alkali metal salts thereof with olefins in the presence of a free-radical initiator to give dialkylphosphinic acids and/or alkali metal salts thereof and b) reacting the dialkylphosphinic acids and/or alkali metal salts thereof obtained according to a) with metal compounds of Mg, Ca, Al, Sb, Sn, Ge, Ti, Zn, Fe, Zr, Ce, Bi, Sr, Mn, Li, Na and/or K to give the metal dialkylphosphinate salts. The invention likewise relates to the use of the metal dialkylphosphinate salts prepared by the process according to the invention for preparing flame retardants.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing dialkylphosphinic acids and/or alkali metal salts thereof by reacting olefins with alkylphosphonous and/or hypophosphorous acid and/or alkali metal salts thereof, which comprises carrying out the reaction in the presence of a azo free-radical initiator. The invention also relates to the use of the products prepared by the abovementioned process for preparing flame retardants.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing dialkylphosphinic acids and/or alkali metal salts thereof by reacting olefins with alkylphosphonous and/or hypophosphorous acid and/or alkali metal salts thereof, which comprises carrying out the reaction in the presence of a free-radical initiator. The invention also relates to the use of the products prepared by the abovementioned process for preparing flame retardants.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing salts of dialkylphosphinic acids, which comprises a) reacting alkylphosphonous and/or hypophosphorous acid and/or alkali metal salts thereof with olefins in the presence of a free-radical initiator to give dialkylphosphinic acids and/or alkali metal salts thereof and b) reacting the dialkylphosphinic acids and/or alkali metal salts thereof obtained according to a) with metal compounds of Mg, Ca, Al, Sb, Sn, Ge, Ti, Zn, Fe, Zr, Ce, Bi, Sr, Mn, Li, Na and/or K to give the metal dialkylphosphinate salts. The invention likewise relates to the use of the metal dialkylphosphinate salts prepared by the process according to the invention for preparing flame retardants.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing arylalkyiphosphinic acids and/or alkali metal salts thereof by reacting olefins with arylphosphonous acids and/or alkali metal salts thereof, which comprises carrying out the reaction in the presence of a free-radical initiator. The invention also relates to the use of the products prepared by the abovementioned process for preparing flame retardants.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing metal salts of arylalkylphosphinic acids, which comprises: a) reacting olefins with arylphosphonous acids or alkali metal salts thereof in the presence of a cationic free-radical initiator, and b) reacting the arylalkylphosphinic acids or alkali metal salts thereof obtained by a) with metal compounds of Mg, Ca, Al, Sb, Sn, Ge, Ti, Zn, Fe, Zr, Ce, Bi, Sr, Mn, Li, Na and/or K to give the metal arylalkylphosphinate salts. The invention also relates to the use of the products prepared by the abovementioned process for preparing flame retardants.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing dialkylphosphinate salts, which comprisesa) reacting elemental yellow phosphorus with alkyl halides in the presence of alkali metal hydroxide or alkaline earth metal hydroxide to form a mixture which comprises as main constituents the salts of alkylphosphonous, phosphorous and hypophosphorous acids,b) adjusting the mixture to a pH below 7 and then reacting the mixture with olefins in the presence of a free-radical initiator andc) reacting the dialkylphosphinic acids obtained according to b) and/or alkali metal salts thereof with metal compounds of Mg, Ca, Al, Sb, Sn, Ge, Ti, Zn, Fe, Zr, Ce, Bi, Sr, Mn, Li, Na and/or K to give the metal dialkylphosphinate salts.The invention likewise relates to the use of the metal dialkylphosphinate salts prepared by the process according to the invention to prepare flame retardants.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing soluble and/or meltable phosphorus-modified epoxy resins, which comprises reacting a polyepoxide compound having at least 2 epoxide groups per molecule with carboxyl-containing phosphinic or phosphonic acids.

Abstract: The invention relates to a phosphorus-modified epoxy resin having an epoxide value of from 0 to 1.0 mol/100 g, comprising structural units derived from(A) polyepoxide compounds having at least two epoxide groups per molecule and(B) diphosphinic acids,to a process for their preparation and to their use.

Abstract: A conveying apparatus for supporting an article such as a product carrier during its conveyance is disclosed. The conveying apparatus includes a transferring track segment and a receiving track segment which are positioned laterally side by side, and with the transferring track segment being progressively inclined from a horizontal orientation to a laterally tilted orientation, and with the receiving track segment being progressively inclined from a laterally tilted orientation to a horizontal orientation. As result, the article being conveyed is rotated about a longitudinal axis and transferred to the receiving track segment. The apparatus finds particular utility in a yarn spinning plant, wherein yarn packages may be conveyed in a horizontal orientation and then rotated to a vertical orientation to facilitate packaging.

Abstract: An equipment for transporting, handling and feeding stock bobbins to a loom having a preparation station (5) for the charging of bobbin holders (12) with stock bobbins (4) and a transport loop (7) for transporting these bobbin holders (12) towards looms. The looms are arranged in groups and for returning bobbin holders (12') containing empty bobbin tubes towards the preparation station (5), as well as at least one storage section (7c) branching off the transport loop (7) for receiving a number of the bobbin holders (12, 12') which corresponds with the need of bobbins at the time by at least one of the groups of looms (1a, 1b, . . . 1n). For the exchange of the bobbin holders (12' or 12 respectively) on the looms a loading mechanism (18) is provided which is mounted on a secondary transport mechanism (10) which may be moved independently of the transport loop (7) towards a number of groups of looms (1a, 1b, . . .

Abstract: A mechanism for feeding weft yarn stock bobbins to a loom includes a bobbin frame (3) for at least two stock bobbins (4) which may be fitted to bobbin holders (38) having longitudinal axes (L) which may be aligned on a common yarn guide member (6). The bobbin holders (38) are each formed on a bobbin carrier (10, 10') intended for receiving one of the stock bobbins (4) and able by means of a holder (30) of a charging mechanism to be fastened to the bobbin frame (3) and removed from the bobbin frame, the bobbin carrier having a yarn guide unit (45) for feeding the piece (A) at the start of the weft yarn (5) wound onto this stock bobbin (4) to the common yarn guide member (6).

Abstract: An ultrasonic probe is positioned within a hollow body such as a pipe for detecting possible flaws in the body wall. The probe is designed for rotational and longitudinal movement in said pipe and includes an ultrasonic transmitter/receiver mounted eccentrically within a liquid filled chamber of the probe, so that transmitted impulses strike the inner wall of the pipe at such an angle that the angle of refraction of the sound wave in the material of the wall is always less than 90.degree..