Abstract: In a known method for producing an oxide layer on metal parts, the metal parts are heat-treated in a treatment chamber during a carburization phase at temperatures below 1100° C. [2012° F.] in an atmosphere containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen and then, during an oxidation phase, they are oxidized at an oxidation temperature in the range from 750° C. to 950° C. [1382° F. to 1742° F.] in an atmosphere where a PH2O-to-PH2 ratio between 0.3 and 10 has been established by feeding an oxidant into the treatment chamber, a process in which an oxide layer is formed, whereby the oxygen partial pressure is determined by means of an oxygen probe and regulated at least during the oxidation phase.

Abstract: A method for generating animated sequences of talking heads in text-to-speech applications wherein a processor samples a plurality of frames comprising image samples. Representative parameters are extracted from the image samples and stored in an animation library. The processor also samples a plurality of multiphones comprising images together with their associated sounds. The processor extracts parameters from these images comprising data characterizing mouth shapes, maps, rules, or equations, and stores the resulting parameters and sound information in a coarticulation library. The animated sequence begins with the processor considering an input phoneme sequence, recalling from the coarticulation library parameters associated with that sequence, and selecting appropriate image samples from the animation library based on that sequence. The image samples are concatenated together, and the corresponding sound is output, to form the animated synthesis.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds of the formula wherein one of R5, R6 and R7 is and X1, X2, Y1 to Y4, R1 to R13 and m and n are defined in the description, and to all enantiomers and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and/or esters thereof. The invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, to a process for their preparation and to their use for the treatment and/or prevention of diseases which are modulated by PPAR? and/or PPAR? agonists.

Abstract: The invention relates to compositions and methods for modulating the expression of Nogo-L or Nogo-R genes, and more particularly to the downregulation of Nogo-L or Nogo-R by chemically modified oligonucleotides.

Abstract: A control device for controlling a charging switch in a switching regulator with an inductance, a filter capacitance and a diode comprises a clock generator for providing an operating clock, an output voltage detection means and an inductance current detection means, as well as a comparator for comparing the detection signals generated by the two detection means. The charging switch is switched on by an event in the clock and switched off when the comparator determines a predetermined relation between the two detection signals. The voltage detection signal is formed to have an inverted curve in relation to the detected output voltage, such that when the output voltage to be detected increases the detection signal falls and vice versa. Thus, a stable and simple regulation of the output voltage across a current locked loop is possible, where no filtering of an actual value has to be performed. Thus, a stable current locked loop with simple structure is obtained in a wide range.

Abstract: Generic spring/damper units are either too big or require too much mounting space or have only relatively small spring/damper compartments and are therefore not sufficiently efficient. To improve the ratio between the overall size of a spring/damper unit and the size of the damper or spring/damper compartments of the spring/damper unit, the overflow throttles (21, 22) are arranged in the cylinder housing (1) between the damper compartment (10) that is increased in size during spring compression and the spring compartment (17) that is reduced in size during spring compression, thereby reducing the dimensions of the separating piston (6) and the piston rod (7) and making the overflow throttles (21, 22) more accessible from the exterior.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I) wherein R1 to R8 and n are as defined in the description and claims, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters thereof. The compounds are useful for the treatment of diseases such as diabetes.

Abstract: ?-Chloroisopropyl-substituted aromatics are obtained in high yield by treating isopropenyl-substituted aromatics with hydrogen chloride gas in the absence of a solvent. The ?-chloroisopropyl-substituted aromatics serve as initiators for the cationic polymerization of isobutene.

Abstract: Toluene diisocyanate is recovered from a crude distillation feed containing less than 2% by weight of phosgene by (a) fractionating the crude distillation feed containing less than 2% by weight of phosgene to remove the solvent and optionally the reaction residues to produce a crude toluene diisocyanate feed containing less than 20% by weight of solvent and (b) separating the crude toluene diisocyanate feed containing less than 20% by weight of solvent in a divided-wall distillation column into four product fractions P1–P4. P1 is a vapor phase low-boiler and solvent-enriched gas stream, P2 is a low-boiler and solvent-enriched product, P3 is a high boiler-enriched bottoms product containing toluene diisocyanate and P4 is a toluene diisocyanate product stream lean in low-boilers, high-boilers and reaction residues.

Abstract: The present invention relates a protective element for an athlete. The protective element can include a first flexible support layer, wherein a plurality of substantially hard projections is arranged on the first support layer, and a second flexible support layer, wherein a plurality of substantially hard receiving elements is arranged on the second support layer. The receiving elements and the projections are configured to provide flexible protection to various areas of a user's body.

Abstract: Fumaric acid amides of the general formula (I) wherein R1 represents OR3 or a D- or L-amino acid radical —NH—CHR4—COOH bonded via an amide bond, wherein R3 is hydrogen, a straight-chained or branched, optionally substituted C1-24 alkyl radical, a phenyl radical or C6-10 aralkyl radical and R4 is a side chain of a natural or synthetic amino acid and R2 represents a D- or L-amino acid radical —NH—CHR5—COOH bonded via an amide bond or a peptide radical comprising 2 to 100 amino acids bonded via an amide bond, wherein R5 is a side chain of a natural or synthetic amino acid, are used for preparing a drug (1) for the therapy of an autoimmune disease; (2) for use in transplantation medicine; (3) for the therapy of mitochondrial diseases; or (4) for the therapy of NF-kappaB mediated diseases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid formulation, comprising a) one or more herbicidally active compounds from the group of the ALS inhibitors, b) one or more organic solvents, and c) one or more inorganic salts. The liquid formulation is suitable for use in crop protection.

Abstract: This invention is concerned with compounds of the formula wherein A, B1, B2, R1, R2 and G are as defined in the description and claims, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, to a process for their preparation and to their use for the treatment and/or prevention of diseases which are associated with the modulation of SST receptors subtype 5.

Abstract: Alkyl ester end-capped polycarbonates have improved release properties and may be produced by a method comprising the step of combining a polycarbonate having free terminal OH groups with an end-capping reagent comprising a symmetrical activated carbonate and an alkyl ester, whereby the end-capping reagent reacts with at least some of the free hydroxyl end groups of the polycarbonate to produce an end-capped polycarbonate comprising optionally substituted aliphatic ester end groups.

Abstract: A method and a casting mold for producing an optical semiconductor module is provided, wherein a semiconductor body having at least one optically active element on its top is introduced into a leadframe. Then conductive connections are established between the semiconductor body and the leadframe, and then the leadframe and semiconductor body are encapsulated in a casting mold. Wherein provided in the part of the casting mold that faces the top of the semiconductor body are masking bodies, which extend from the top inner wall of the casting mold towards the optically active elements and cover the elements with their respective end face in a way that seals out casting material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel chemiluminescent compounds, to a method for synthesizing these compounds, to derivatives and conjugates comprising these compounds, to the use of these compounds or conjugates thereof in chemiluminescence based assays, especially in immunoassays.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methylene urea derivatives of formula (I), the use of the compounds of formula (I) as inhibitors of raf-kinase, the use of the compounds of formula (I) for the manufacture of a pharmaceutical composition and a method of treatment, comprising administering said pharmaceutical composition to a patient.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device (1) for the filling of foil bags (24) with foods (42), a transport device (23) for transporting the foil bags (24), a filling device (27) for the dosed filling of the foil bags (24) with solid foods (42) and a closing device (43) for closing the foil bags (24). Furthermore, the invention relates to a method of filling foil bags (24) with foods (42) comprising the following steps: transport of the foil bags (24), dosed filling of the foil bags (24) with solid foods (42) and closing the foil bags (24).