Abstract: A refrigerant mixture for a mixture throttle process contains from 0.06 mol/mol to 0.20 mol/mol propane, from 0.26 mol/mol to 0.36 mol/mol nitrogen and from 0.20 mol/mol to 0.38 mol/mol methane, the remainder being ethane.

Abstract: In a process for refrigeration in the 65 to 150 K temperature range, in which the refrigerant is compressed using an oil-lubricated compressor, then cooled to ambient temperature and then oil is removed from the refrigerant before the refrigerant is fed to a Joule Thomson heat exchanger, the refrigerant is additionally cooled after it has been cooled to ambient temperature and before it enters the Joule Thomson heat exchanger. In a device for refrigeration in the 65 to 150 K temperature range, which has an oil-lubricated compressor for compressing a refrigerant, an aftercooler connected downstream for cooling the refrigerant to ambient temperature, a device following on from this for removing oil from the refrigerant and a Joule Thomson countercurrent heat exchanger connected downstream of the device for removing the oil, an oil condenser is arranged between the aftercooler and the Joule Thomson countercurrent heat exchanger.

Abstract: The cooling circuit for cooling a computer in a room employs a work-performing expansion. The heat generated by the expansion is supplied to the back flowing coolant in the coolant circuit via a second closed coolant circuit. The second circuit may employ a cooler outside the room to withdraw the heat added to the second circuit.

Abstract: The torodial ring magnet is cooled by a gaseous cooling medium which is conducted through a first cooling circuit through the channels of the magnet coils of the magnet. The gaseous cooling medium exiting the magnet is cooled by a second liquid cooling medium in a second cooling circuit within an auxiliary cooler. Temperature sensors are provided to sense the temperature of the exiting gaseous cooling medium from the magnet sections to permit the opening or closing of a valve in the auxiliary cooler to cause the gaseous coolant to be cooled or not by the liquid cooling medium.

Abstract: The refrigerating apparatus for a load in a coolant bath has a buffer tank which is maintained at a low pressure via a vacuum pump. The buffer tank communicates via a valve with a vapor chamber above the coolant bath. Upon an increase in heat evolution from the load above the rating of the compressor, the pressure in the vapor chamber causes the valve to open and excess vapor to escape into the buffer tank. The pressure in the vapor chamber thus remains constant while the temperature of the load does not increase.

Abstract: An ejector is used in place of a compressor with moving parts in the refrigeration apparatus. The ejector has an intake side connected to the gas space of a liquefied gas tank, a propellant jet input connected to a delivery side of the compressor to receive a high pressure flow of gas and a delivery side in the form of a diffusor output connected to the intake side of the compressor. A pair of ejectors can be connected in series or, where more than two liquefied gas tanks are used, in parallel.

Abstract: The plant includes a precooling stage, a Joule/Thomson stage and a cryogenic load. The Joule/Thomson stage includes a pair of heat exchangers in which the helium emerging from the precooling stage is cooled by the return flow of helium. This stage also includes an expansion turbine between the heat exchangers to expand the high pressure helium to an intermediate pressure and an expansion element in which the helium is expanded to the liquefaction pressure. This expansion element is located upstream or downstream of the cryogenic load or between two parts of the cryogenic load.