Abstract: A refractory structure comprising a body of refractory concrete material defining at least one discharge passage for molten metal passing through the body and at least one reinforcing element located within the body or forming a face to face thereof and interlocked mechanically with the refractory concrete with which it is in intimate contact over the whole of any of the surface of the reinforcing element which is juxtaposed to the refractory concrete, the reinforcing element being separated by refractory concrete material from any surface of the refractory structure which contacts the molten metal in use.

Abstract: There is disclosed a frame for a sliding gate, which in use holds the movable and fixed plates against each other under pressure and which is formed of refractory concrete reinforced with metal elements which are screened from the molten metal by the refractory concrete.

Abstract: There is disclosed a sliding plate for a three plate sliding gate nozzle apparatus comprising a refractory concrete body with metal reinforcement embedded in it and extending out of at least one end a drive connection integral with or engaging the reinforcement whereby the usual external metal frame used to support the plate can be dispensed with.

Abstract: A wear part for sliding gates used for the outlet of vessels which contain metal melts therein, the wear part being for example a sliding plate, a base plate, an inlet tube or an outlet tube. The wear part includes a refractory material surrounded by a metal mantle, where a fireproof refractory concrete is poured into a mold and hardened therein so that the mold serves as the metal mantle when the concrete has hardened. A lining surrounding a through-bore in the wear part may be cast therewith. The wear part is preferably clamped in a supporting frame.