Abstract: The invention relates a heat exchanger plate (1) comprising a number of turbulence-promoting protuberances (4) that project from the plane (3) of the heat exchanger plate. The protuberances (4) have a surface profile (6) for promoting break-up of laminar boundary layers. The invention also relates to a plate heat exchanger comprising such heat exchanger plates (1).

Abstract: A flexible material comprises a sheet or web of deformable heat-sealable plastic material having at least one face a surface relief pattern comprising a multitude of small, closely spaced depressions and/or elevations serving to impart increased rigidity and optionally one or more layers, e.g. of aluminum foil, laminated to said plastic material over said relief pattern.

Abstract: A pack for liquids is made at least partially from cardboard or the like, which is impervious to liquid at least on its one surface, by virtue of a plastics coating. The pack has side walls (2-3), a bottom and a top wall (1), which are connected together at least partially by fold (9) and/or sealing seams (4), a tear-open pouring opening (6) which is disposed in the top wall (1) adjacent the edge line (9) and which is preferably covered over by a tear-off cover strip (7) and a pouring edge (8) which is disposed in one plane with the top wall (1). A separate plastics strip (10) is sealed in position in the region of the pouring opening (6), covering over same, and extends beyond the edge line (9) of the top wall (1) with an unsealed end (11), forming a pouring edge (8), and the surface of the plastics strip (10), which covers over the pouring opening (6), is stamped out, exposing the opening (6), and is laid over around the edge (12) of the opening and is sealed in position from the underside.

Abstract: A method for the cooling of a heated, e.g. heat-sterilized, flow containing particles of foodstuff character is disclosed. The flow is separated into a high particle flow, and a low particle flow which is cooled separately from the high particle flow and is used later as a cooling medium for the cooling of the high particle flow. The method can be used in aseptic packaging wherein a heat-treated, cooled foodstuff product, e.g. fruit soup, vegetable soup, meat broth, etc., is packed in sterilized packing containers, or in packing containers manufactured from sterilized packing material, under aseptic packing conditions.

Abstract: A pack for liquids is made at least partially from cardboard or the like, which is impervious to liquid at least on its one surface, by virtue of a plastics coating. The pack has side walls (1-3), a bottom and a top wall (1), which are connected together at least partially by fold (9) and/or sealing seams (4), a tear-open pouring opening (6) which is disposed in the top wall (1) adjacent the edge line (9) and which is preferably covered over by a tear-off cover strip (7) and a pouring edge (8) which is disposed in one plane with the top wall (1). A separate plastics strip (10) is sealed in position in the region of the pouring opening (6), covering over same, and extends beyond the edge line (9) of the top wall (1) with an unsealed end (11), forming a pouring edge (8), and the surface of the plastics strip (10), which covers over the pouring opening (6), is stamped out, exposing the opening (6), and is laid over around the edge (12) of the opening and is sealed in position from the underside.

Abstract: A cardboard/plastics film laminate package (1) is provided with an opening arrangement consisting of a channel (6) fixed to the top wall of the package over an opening area (4) bounded by a tearing line (3) part thickness perforations and an opening element (9). The opening element (9) is a strip having a pull-tab (10) at one end and a bent back penetrating portion (11) fixed at (14) to a part (14") of the opening area. On pulling the tab (10), the penetrating portion (11) wedges between the channel (6) and the opening area of the package and is forced to penetrate the opening area. On further pulling, the opening area of the package is torn away and removed through the channel (1) which then forms a pouring mouth.

Abstract: A fluid pack made of plastics-coated paper in which the side walls (2) and/or the cover (1) are connected together by way of fold edges (9) and provided in the cover (1) is an opening device (7) having a cover strip (10) which sealingly engages over a stamped-out hole (6).So that the opening device (7) can be produced in an operationally reliable and economic fashion even in a high-capacity machine, the cover strip (10) is injected plastics material and the edge regions (13) thereof cover over the edge portions (14) of the stamped-out hole (6) on both inner and outer sides of the hole.

Abstract: A pack for flowable material, includes a tube (1) having at least one longitudinal seam, with a base and a lid (2) mounted at its ends. The lid (2) is made of thermoplastics material without any base material, is welded to the tube (1) and has a pouring device (8). The tube (1) is made of base material such as cardboard, coated with thermoplastics material on at least one side. The lid (2) is a separate, prefabricated part fitted by means of a flange (5) engaging round the top edge (6) of the tube (1) and welded to the edge (6). This lid (2) has a part (21) of its surface at a lower level than its outer surface, with part of the lower level surface (21) extending near to the edge (6) of the tube, in such a way that the lid (2) engages round the edge (6) of the tube substantially in a U shape in the region of said part (21 ) of the lower level surface.

Abstract: A readily openable and reclosable opening arrangement for use on a packing container comprises a pouring pipe attached to the outside of the packing container, wherein a slide is maneuverable within the pouring pipe by means of a projecting gripping element. When the slide is pushed to the open position the packing container wall is penetrated by ploughlike elements joined to the slide, so that the contents may be emptied out via the pouring pipe. The opening arrangement also may be used on packing containers which consist of several part containers whose contents may be emptied out through a joint pouring pipe.

Abstract: A method for the production of books or bound documents from a material web (4) which comprises folding lines (6,7) or perforation lines arranged at a distance from one another and whose one side possesses a thin coating of an adhesive capable of being activated, includes printing the web (4) with the desired text and subsequently folding the web together in a folding pattern. After folding together of the web (4) the adhesive is activated so that layers with adhesive facing one another are joined together to form book-pages which can be bound together in a cover (15).

Abstract: A material (1) in the form of sheets or a web is provided with a watermarklike pattern (12) in form of a text, figure or similar identification mark visible or displayable in transmitted light by means of relieflike mechanical working off of material, for example grinding, milling etc., corresponding to the desired pattern (12).

Abstract: A packing container of the ridge roof type of the kind which is adapted to be opened by folding out again a bellows fold (B) formed at the top closure of the container in order to form an emptying opening (16) in the shape of a pouring spout. With the object of making the container liquid-tight and at the same time easy to open perforation (15) is arranged above the said bellows fold (B) below which the sealing fin (10) delaminates when the container is opened. The seal between the material layers forming the sealing fin (10) below this perforation is considerably weaker or almost negligible compared with the seal between material layers above the tearing perforation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a packing container which is intended for liquid contents and is of the type which comprises a container body with at least one straight side wall (1) and an upper end wall (2) which is joined to the side wall (1) along a folding line (5) so as to form a relatively sharp transition between the package side (1) and the end wall (2). The upper end wall (2) is provided with a hole (4) penetrating the package wall which preferably is of triangular shape and which with one of its points reaches up to the lateral edge (5) between the upper end wall (2) of the package and its side wall (1). The hole (4) is covered from the inside by a thin plastic film, and from the hole (4) emanate two diverging perforation lines (6) which extend up to a common crease line (7) arranged in the upper end wall (2). Over the hole (4) and parts of the perforation lines (6) a further cover strip (8) with a thermoplastic coating is provided.

Abstract: A packing container (1) is provided with an opening arrangement comprising a pair of spaced lines of tearing perforations (8a, 8b) arranged in a wall portion of the container, the braking up of which causes the wall material between the perforations to be displaced so as to form a corresponding emptying opening when the container is opened. A hole (9) is provided extending through at least a portion of the thickness of the wall, e.g. through a central paper layer between two plastics layers, and connecting the spaced lines. An adjacent area of the wall bordering the hole is formed as a tongue (10), and a cover strip (11) being provided sealing over the hole.

Abstract: Described is a liquid pack made at least partially of cardboard, having a longitudinal weld seam (1) and two transverse weld seams (3) which are disposed in a doubled cardboard strip (2) at the top and underside of the pack, wherein disposed in the upper transverse weld seam (3) is an opening means (6) in the form of a double-ply opening strip (7) which is liquid-tight on one side and whose outward sides are connected to the inward sides of the doubled cardboard strip (2). The opening strip (7) is made of a laminated plastics material in which one layer (21) is oriented in one direction (22).

Abstract: A material (1) in the form of sheets or a web is provided with a watermarklike pattern (12) in the form of a text, figure or similar identification mark visible or displayable in transmitted light by means of relieflike mechanical working off of material, for example grinding, milling etc., corresponding to the desired pattern (12).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for manufacturing paper sheets having an appearance of being hand-made, the method comprising the steps of forming watermarks on a continuous web along longitudinal and transverse zones spaced according to the width and length of the paper sheets, drying the continuous web, crushing longitudinal and transverse regions of the dried continuous web within the watermarked longitudinal and transverse zones, respectively, tearing and separating the dried continuous web along the longitudinal and transverse crushed regions, respectively.

Abstract: A tear-up opening arrangement for a packing container which is manufactured from a plane packing material web by folding is disclosed. The packing material is pierced through along a cut line which is situated alongside or in the vicinity of a base line of a sealing fin projecting from the packing container. The cut line is covered along the inside of the packing container by a thin, molecular-oriented plastic strip whose direction of orientation coincides with the extension of the cut line. The cut line has two end portions extending on either side of the apex of a triangular lug of the container and a center portion extending parallel to, but at a distance from, a line through the apex and the end portions.

Abstract: A porous food product is prepared by mixing sodium alginate and a calcium compound with ground fish or meat, heating the mixture, introducing a pressurized gas and an acid into the mixture, the acid liberating calcium ions from the calcium compound to cause the sodium alginate to form a gel which confers a porous structure on the product, and reducing the pressure to liberate gas and form gas bubbles in the product.

Abstract: A method for the preparation and packing of food products, in particular fish products of long keeping quality, includes disintegrating and sterilizing the fish and allowing the sterilized fish mass to coagulate under pressure in a forming and filling pipe. An inside cross-section of the filling pipe corresponds to the cross-section of the packing container wherein the product is to be packed. The forming and filling pipe is provided, moreover, with cut-off elements and flaplike shut-off elements to make possible the separation and feeding out of the product from the forming and filling pipe to the packing containers.