Abstract: An apparatus for making a plastic filament web has in a vertical stack starting from the top an extruder releasably mounted on a platform, connected to a spinneret, and supplying molten plastic thereto for formation of plastic streams, a blowing unit directly beneath the spinneret cooling the streams and forming them into plastic filaments, a stretching gap directly beneath the blowing unit stretching the plastic filaments, a diffuser shaft directly beneath the stretching gap looping the stretched plastic filaments, and a foraminous conveyor directly beneath the diffuser shape receiving the looped and stretched filaments as a fleece which it transports horizontally out of the apparatus. A lowermost housing containing the conveyor sits directly on a stationary support surface and has an upper surface. An uppermost housing spaced above the lowermost housing supporting the extruder platform contains at least the spinneret and has a lower surface.

Abstract: An extrusion die for extruding a thermoplastified synthetic resin, e.g. for a foil-blowing head or a wide-slit nozzle can have its adjustable lip positioned to vary the thickness of the extruded strand by a driver acting on a rod engaging that lip and driven by a step-down transmission from a servomotor which may be a stepping motor.

Abstract: A foil-blowing head has a nozzle lip which is substantially cylindrical and of an axial length of at least several centimeters and a radial thickness of at least several millimeters. High-force servoeffectors which can be provided with stepping servomotors, speed-reduction transmissions and eccentric drivers, can act upon radial rods to deform the lip and adjust the gap width and the thickness of the foil which is produced to provide continuous thickness correction during foil blowing.

Abstract: A process and an apparatus for producing a spun-fiber web from filaments of a synthetic polymer which includes a device for taking off the filaments and a web-depositing device with suction unit wherein the filaments are taken off mechanically by means of a take-off roll with a unit for the defined raising of the frictional force between the roll surface and the filaments, the filaments being exposed, in particular, to a vacuum and/or to pressurized air.

Abstract: An apparatus for making a fleece comprises a horizontally elongated upright passage, flaps defining a stretching gap between the walls, and respective lower flaps have upper edges pivotal by actuators on the walls. A foraminous conveyor belt extends horizontally immediately underneath the passage and is advanced generally continuously horizontally past the passage. An array of spinnerets in the upper end of the passage forms filaments that move downward in the passage and that deposit on the moving conveyor as cool air is introduced into the upper end of the passage and is withdrawn from the passage through the lower end thereof and through the foraminous belt. The deposited length of the filaments on the belt downstream of the lower passage end is continuously monitored and an output corresponding thereto is generated and is compared with a set point and the lower flaps are pivoted to move their lower edges away from one another when the output of the sensor means exceeds the set point and vice versa.

Abstract: A device is provided with vertical holding elements for depositing and stacking of plastic bags having welded lower or bottom seams. The holding elements are fixed to crossbeams which extend across an advancing plane in the feeding direction of the bag and are hinged onto an outer circumference of a rotatable support. The support is in the form of an impeller wheel and the crossbeams are set on the support so that the holding elements maintain a vertical position as the crossbeams rotate.

Abstract: The process for making a spun-filament fleece from at least two stretched thermoplastic monofilaments made of a thermoplastic material includes feeding thermoplastic material to at least two spinnerets each including a separate group or plurality of spinning nozzles arranged in rows over a rectangular cross section, then exposing each band or group of thermoplastic filaments issuing from each group of spinning nozzles separately to a transverse flow of cooling air in a blower shaft, next stretching the bands or groups of thermoplastic filaments jointly in a common central stretching shaft by outflowing stretching air, then depositing jointly the thermoplastic filaments which have been stretched in a spun band moving below the stretching shaft continuously to form the spun-filament fleece and drawing a suction air flow through the spun band and/or the spun-filament fleece being formed.

Abstract: The process for making a thermoplastic foil involves the use of a wide-outlet or long-slit die which has at least one outlet-gap-defining adjustable die lip, an opposing gap-bounding lip and a group of piezotranslators distributed over the length of the outlet-gap-defining adjustable die lip, each of which is part of a control loop, acts as a positioning member and is associated with an individual section of an outlet-gap-defining adjustable die lip. At least one actual value of the foil thickness of the thermoplastic foil formed is measured with a measuring device and is fed to a controlling processor. Each of the piezotranslators is controlled by a controlling processor with a controlling variable.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and apparatus for the paired manufacture of carry bags from synthetic resin sheeting with lateral weld seams and an approximately sinusoidal load-bearing rim with punched-in handle openings, wherein a laid-flat tubular film is cut open in wave shape, and the two cut-apart semitubular sheets (1a, 1b) are pulled apart transversely to the conveying direction, the wave crests are folded over at least in part in parallel to the folding edges (3) in each case either toward the outside or toward the inside, then the semitubular sheets are again united in order to compensate for at least a portion of the gap S produced by folding over the flaps, and after achieving a synchronous run of the folded over flaps (51, 52), the latter are welded to the lower and upper sheet layers (10a, 10b) of the semitubular sheets (1a, 1b) in the area (15) surrounding the subsequent handle opening (4), the wave crests, prior to being folded over, being electrically discharged and, after having been fold

Abstract: A cuppable composite thermoplastic foil with a PVDC layer is subjected to a cupping process at a definite temperature and the container is formed by the cupping process, especially a vacuum cupping process. To provide a stronger and more stable container for food packaging the composite foil is heated to a temperature above the crystallization temperature of PVDC and because of that the crystal structure of the PVDC is broken up. The crystallization degree of the composite foil is reduced at least 50%, after which the composite foil is quenched at a temperature of less than 75.degree. C., advantageously below 50.degree. C. The cupping process is performed immediately after the quenching.

Abstract: The fleece-making apparatus includes a spinning nozzle system, a cooling shaft, a stretching aperture, a diffuser shaft, a fleece delivery conveyor and a device for feeding process air and for drawing outflowing air through the fleece delivery conveyor. The process air is divided into two partial flows as it is fed into the cooling shaft on each side of the cooling shaft. The upper partial flow serves for intensive cooling, the lower partial flow for additional cooling. Both partial flows are united in the cooling shaft. The cross section of the united process air flow is constricted by air control flaps positioned wedge like on opposite sides at the entrance of the stretching aperture. The process air flow issuing from the stretching aperture is influenced by pivoting wings movable about a horizontal axis at the entrance to the diffuser shaft on both sides and also by an adjustable damper which is located either above and/or below the fleece delivery conveyor.

Abstract: The process for making the spun fleece proceeds in a filament-spinning unit having a spinning nozzle system, a cooling shaft, a stretching aperture, a diffuser shaft, a continuously moving fleece recovery conveyor and a device for feeding process air and for drawing outflowing air through the fleece recovery conveyor. The cooling shaft has a shaft wall provided with a plurality of air orifices. That allows process air required for cooling to be fed into the cooling shaft. That air flow at least partially is drawn through the fleece recovery conveyor. The thickness of the spun fleece is measured on the fleece recovery conveyor in the transport direction downstream of the diffuser shaft. The measured value is compared with a predetermined set value. On deviation of the measured value from the set value the setting angle of the air control flap or flaps which are located adjacent the entrance of the stretching aperture is changed.

Abstract: A process for the production of carry bags from synthetic resin film with lateral seams made by cutoff welding and with an approximately sinusoidal load-bearing rim with punched-in handle openings, involves a series of steps wherein a tubular film of double width and laid flat is cut open along its center in a wave shape with crests and troughs for the paired production of two sets of bags, and, along the cutting edges, turned-over rims are folded parallel to the folding edges, in each case either toward the outside or toward the inside, and the turned-over rims are welded (usually by heat bonding) at least partially to the lower end upper sheet layers of resulting semitubular lengths from the inside or outside, i.e. at least in a region surrounding the handle opening to be punched out subsequently.

Abstract: The extrusion press comprises a block and a displacing body mounted in the block. The block includes an inlet duct, two feed ducts connected to it, transversely widened spaces connected to them and an outlet duct. The displacing body comprises a mounting portion and a guide portion and is located downstream of the inlet duct. It separates both feed ducts and both transversely widened spaces and projects with a sword-like piece of the guide portion into the outlet duct to form outlet gaps. It ends upstream of a mouth of the outlet duct providing an inner expansion chamber. The displacing body is free of a supporting member and held fixed from above and below by its mounting portion so that the thermoplastic material flow surrounds the sides of the sword-like piece running in the flow direction and surrounds the sword-like piece.

Abstract: An extruder die for extrusion of a multilayer thermoplastic laminate, particularly in the form of a foil or plate, comprises a multicomponent block symmetric with respect to a central plane dividing a plurality of feed channels and distributing channels connected to said feed channels, at least one mouth and a central distributor channel connected to and following said mouth symmetric in relation to the axis of said extruder die as well as an outlet die following said central distributor channel. The block has on the end opposite the outlet die an additional feed channel with a round or rectangular cross section for feeding in a special plastic material which changes over into a discharge duct extending to the mouth.

Abstract: A die for a thermoplastic material with at least one output-gap-defining adjustable die lip, an opposing gap-bounding lip, at least one adjusting element working on the output-gap-defining die lip as well as a control and adjusting device for the thickness of the extruded plastic product, wherein the adjusting element is associated with and operated at least partially by the control and adjusting device. A field translator, either a piezotranslator or a magnetostriction translator, is employed as the adjusting element.

Abstract: An extruder press unit for extrusion of a thermoplastic material has at least one output gap in an extruder body, wherein the output gap is formed by an output gap-defining adjustable extruder lip and an opposing gap-bounding lip. This output gap is adjustable with the help of a mechanical coarse adjusting mechanism to a given gap width, and the gap-defining adjustable extruder lip is connected to at least one adjusting element, to which a control and adjusting device for the thickness of the extruded material is associated. The opposing gap-bounding lip is likewise constructed as an adjustable structural component. The coarse adjusting mechanism operates on the opposing gap bounding lip. A field translator is employed as at least one of the adjusting elements and of course in the form of either a piezotransistor or a magnetrostriction translator. The control and adjusting device is set up for a fine adjustment in the range between 0.05 and 0.3 mm, preferably between 0.10 to 0.20 mm.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming a thin-wall and flattenable synthetic-resin tube has inner and outer nozzle parts generally centered on a common axis and defining an annular passage centered on the axis. At least one of the parts is formed with an annular and substantially closed chamber juxtaposed with the passage and extending axially therealong. A hot plastic mass is fed under pressure to one end of the passage so that it passes axially along the passage to emerge from the other end thereof as a tube. A body of liquid partially fills the chamber, this liquid being vaporizable generally at the temperature of the hot mass in the passage. Thus the liquid is vaporized at hot spots of the passage and the vapor thus produced condenses in cool spots of the passage. The space in the chamber above the liquid body is normally largely evacuated. The liquid may be water.

Abstract: The synthetic-resin tube emerging from an extrusion die is internally sealed by a pair of sealing members having inflatable peripheries and connected to flexible members running back through the die so that one of the seals can be drawn toward the die while the other is entrained with the tube away from the latter and vice versa.

Abstract: A synthetic-resin tube as it emerges longitudinally from an extruder is passed over a two-part mandrel. A coolant such as water issuing from the upstream part of the mandrel passes axially downstream around the mandrel and is drawn into openings at the downstream part of the mandrel to draw the tube inwardly by suction toward the mandrel and impart to this tube the exact shape of the mandrel. Either or both of these parts may be formed as a longitudinal succession of transverse vanes having external peripheral shapes corresponding to the desired internal shape to be imparted to the tube. It is also possible to form either or both of the parts of the mandrel as a hollow cylindrical body formed with intake or output openings constituted as slits running either in the direction of travel or transverse thereto.