Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the operation of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine with intake and exhaust valves and at least one braking valve for each cylinder, said braking valves being connected to a common pressure vessel (braking rail). The invention proposes that during the start-up phase of the internal combustion engine a first group of cylinders be cut off from the fuel supply such that the cylinders of this first group operate as compressors which charge the pressure vessel via their braking valves with compressed air, and that the cylinders of a second group of cylinders which are supplied with fuel be charged with compressed air from the pressure vessel via their braking valves, such that the compression pressure and compression temperature in the cylinders of the second group will be raised during the start-up phase.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for carrying out an internal exhaust gas recirculation to the combustion chamber of a Diesel internal combustion engine according to which the inlet valve is briefly opened during the exhaust cycle. According to the invention, the start (Hv1) of the inlet valve approach stroke (HEv) lies in the range of 180° to 210° crank angle (KW) after the upper dead center (OTZ) of ignition, thereby improving emission performance in the low speed range and in the medium and high speed range.

Abstract: A profiled pneumatic vehicle tire is provided that comprises a tread surface that includes grooves that, when viewed in plan, extend at an angle relative to the circumferential direction of the tire. The grooves have sides that extend at an angle relative to a radial line. The distance between successive grooves in the circumferential direction is modulated in conformity with a pitch sequence that varies the excitation frequency, so that positive profiling portions having varying dimensions in the circumferential direction are provided between the grooves. Not only the dimension of the grooves in the circumferential direction are also modulated in conformity with the pitch sequence, but the tangent of the angle of the sides of the grooves are also modulated in conformity with the pitch sequence.

Abstract: A vehicle wheel for pneumatic tires. The rim of the wheel has radially inwardly extending rim flanges, and adjacent thereto, along the inner periphery, has seats inclined in cross section for a belted tire, and adjacent thereto, has recessed portions. The recessed portions adjoining the seats extend at least partially inclined in cross section. The angle of inclination of the recessed portions with respect to the axial direction is equal to or greater than the corresponding inclination angle of the seats. The recessed portions, in the axial direction, have a dimension which is equal to or greater than that of the axial segments of the seats.

Abstract: A covering ring for a vehicle wheel. The bead seating surfaces of a tire are mounted on the radially inner periphery of the rim. In order to prevent dirt and/or water from entering the space between the tire bead and the rim well, the covering ring has a width which covers the space between the tire bead, that portion of the rim which extends axially outwardly from the rim well, and the rim well. Also provision is made that the radially inner surface of the covering ring, when viewed in the transverse direction, extends horizontally or is laterally inclined toward the outside. Also provision is made that the radially inner diameter of the covering ring at no point of the space, which is to be covered, be greater than the radially inner diameter of the mounted tire in the bead region.

Abstract: An apparatus for mounting pneumatic vehicle tires, the beads of which, in the mounted state, are disposed on the radially inner periphery of a wheel rim. The apparatus permits simple and rapid mounting of a tire. A mounting unit which, after the introduction of a portion of the tire bead in a recessed portion of the rim, fixes the bead portion. A drivable roller, which in operation engages in the bead region of the tire, has a circumferential speed which is greater than the rolling speed on the tire.

Abstract: In combination, a vehicle wheel which has a rigid, one-part rim, and a belted pneumatic tire having a single-ply or multiple-ply carcass and substantially inextensible and/or tension resistant core rings in the beads. The rim has rim flanges and, adjacent thereto, seating surfaces for the belted tire. To permit simple mounting of the tire, there is proposed that, in the position of the mounted tire, the distance from the center of a core cross-section to the bead edge facing the seating surface is greater than the distance to the axially inner bead edge, so that the core ring is eccentrically mounted in this region of the bead.

Abstract: A vehicle wheel having a one-piece rim and being provided for a pneumatic belted tire. The seats for the tire beads are located on the radially inner surface of the rim. In order to assure trouble-free emergency operation of the tire in the event of damage or a defect, on the rim and/or on the tire, structures are provided which, at least in the region of the support surface of the tire, effect a disengagement of the tire beads from the rim seats during a loss of air pressure, and which prevent an only periodic return of the tire beads to the seats while driving.

Abstract: A covering ring for a vehicle wheel. The bead seating surfaces of a tire are mounted on the radially inner periphery of the rim. In order to prevent dirt and/or water from entering the space between the tire bead and the rim well, the covering ring has a width which covers the space between the tire bead, that portion of the rim which extends axially outwardly from the rim well, and the rim well. Also, provision is made that the radially inner surface of the covering ring, when viewed in the transverse direction, extends horizontally or is laterally inclined toward the outside. Also, provision is made that the radially inner diameter of the covering ring at no point of the space, which is to be covered, be greater than the radially inner diameter of the mounted tire in the bead region.

Abstract: A method of mounting a tire on a rim. Contemplated are vehicle wheels having rims where the seats for the tire beads are disposed along the inner periphery of the rim respectively next to a radially inwardly extending rim flange. The rims also have circumferential recessed portions which are disposed next to the seats and which have a base with a diameter which is greater than the diameter of the seats. The following method steps are involved. The rim and the tire are moved toward one another, with their axes of rotation being disposed at an angle to one another. The rim is introduced into the tire, at least one bead portion of which has assumed an oval shape. The rim is rotated. A portion of one of the beads, the seat of which extends parallel to the rim seat, is intorduced into the recessed portion of the rim. Subsequently, the rest of that bead is inserted. After the same procedure is repeated for the other bead, the tire is inflated with air, so that the beads are brought onto the rim seats.

Abstract: A pneumatic vehicle tire having a belt and a radial carcass. Located laterally outwardly in the bead region are end portions of the carcass ply or plies which are guided upwardly, i.e. radially outwardly. Bead reinforcers are also provided. In order to achieve a great dynamic resilience along with sufficient stiffness of the bead regions, it is proposed pursuant to the present invention that the filaments of the bead reinforcers, and the strength carriers of the end portions of the carcass, be disposed at opposite inclines relative to the radial direction. Furthermore, in the vicinity of their outer ends, these filaments and strength carriers form a smaller angle with the circumferential direction of the tire than do those portions thereof in the bead core region, so that these reinforcing inserts are thus disposed in such a way that they extend in a curved manner.

Abstract: A tread configuration for pneumatic vehicle tires, especially for spare tires. A number of recesses are arranged in succession and next to each other in the circumferential direction of the tire. Transverse ribs and substantially circumferential ribs separate the recesses from one another and have a width which is approximately 1/4 to 3/4 of the circumferential dimension of the recesses. The radially outwardly located peripheral surface of the tire is subdivided into several segments. Within each of the segments, the circumferential dimension of the recesses and of the transverse ribs is constant, and the circumferential dimension of the recesses and of the transverse ribs is different in successive segments. The recesses are of such a cross-sectional shape or outline that at least one boundary line thereof is formed by an edge of a transverse rib. At least some of the circumferential ribs extend at an angle to the circumferential direction of the tire.

Abstract: A tread configuration for pneumatic vehicle tires, especially for spare tires. A number of rectangular depressions are arranged in succession and next to each other in the circumferential direction of the tire. Transverse ribs and circumferential ribs separate the depressions from one another and have a width which is approximately 1/4 to 3/4 of the circumferential dimension of the depressions. The radially outwardly located peripheral surface of the tire is subdivided into several segments. The circumferential dimension of the depressions and of the transverse ribs is constant within each of the segments, and the circumferential dimension of the depressions and of the transverse ribs is different in successive segments.

Abstract: A belted pneumatic tire having an annular bandage-like reinforcing insert including a cord layer made of pull-resistant threads, strands and the like and extending in the peripheral direction of the tire. The insert extends essentially over the width of the tread between the tread and the carcass. The reinforcing insert includes one or more peripheral segments which are joined together into a ring or annular body having an overlapping area extending at an incline to the peripheral direction of the tire. The overlapping area includes segments rising to the left and right of a center line and joined symmetrically by a V-shaped connection, zig-zag-shaped connection, or wave-shaped connection.