Abstract: An electrically operated valve in which the valve operating means is controlled in its opening movement by a piezoelectric element. The expansion or contraction of the piezoelectric element provides a lift force to the valve operating means while, preferably, a hydraulic or mechanical amplification stage is included to provide an exceedingly rapid mode of operation. The valve is particularly advantageous to control the multiple and discrete injections of fuel into an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: An electrically operated valve in which the valve operating means is controlled in its opening movement by a piezoelectric element. The expansion or contraction of the piezoelectric element provides a lift force to the valve operating means while, preferably, a hydraulic or mechanical amplification stage is included to provide an exceedingly rapid mode of operation. The valve is particularly advantageous to control the multiple and discreet injections of fuel into an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: An electrically operated valve in which the valve operating means is controlled in its opening movement by a piezoelectric element and in which the rate of such movement is increased by the cooperative movement of a vaulted spring washer. The expansion or contraction of the piezoelectric element provides a lift force to the valve operating means and also a force against a vaulted spring washer to push the washer surface past a point of instability. Similarly, on closure of the valve, a sudden closing force is exerted against said means by the return snapping, or vaulting, of said washer. Preferably, a hydraulic or mechanical amplification of the stroke of the piezoelectric element is included to provide an exceedingly rapid mode of operation. The valve is particularly advantageous to control the multiple and discreet injections of fuel into an internal combustion engine.