Abstract: A piezoresistive force-measuring element comprises at least two force-introduction plates with an electrical conductor subjected to plastic deformation arranged between them. The force-introduction plates transmit the forces acting on them without mechanical shunting onto the conductor between them. The change of electrical resistance caused by the force sustained can be used to measure force, accompanied by plastic as well as elastic deformation of the conductor. The typically annular or rectangular force-introduction plates can be fitted inside a housing which may include a bridge circuit for determining the resistance change as well as other electronics enabling the device to be used as a transmitter. By placing the conductor in grooves or anchoring it in the pores of the adjacent plates, an essentially hydrostatic loading of the conductor is obtained, bringing an enormous extension of the measuring range while the measuring accuracy is enhanced owing to the reduced hysteresis.

Abstract: The invention relates to a force transducer with at least 100 pC/N sensitivity. The piezo elements of this force transducer are connected rigidly to the force introducing elements, and therefore require no mechanical prestressing. A diaphragm may be provided and is then the only force shunt with a maximum proportion of 5%. The main force flow runs in these transducers through the piezo elements themselves, thereby keeping the pseudo-pyro effect, which is frequently brought about by mechanical shunting, within very narrow limits. Because of bottlenecks in the heat guide path to the piezo elements and the symmetrical construction of the supports, heat transients are also prevented from exerting an appreciable effect on the position of the zero point. This provides zero point stability, which allows accurate measurements in the 0 . . . 1 N range, even where the ambient conditions are unfavorable from the point of view of temperature.

Abstract: A transducer insert for installing in sensors for measuring mechanical variables includes a semi-conductor body with a measuring diaphragm part of which has diffused-in strain-sensitive resistance paths or capacitor electrodes and also connecting contacts on one side. The semi-conductor body is connected to a base body of insulating material, preferably by an anodic method, through which electrically conductively coated channels pass. The channels open at a recess in the base body which is bridged by the measuring diaphragm part. The electrically conductive layers of the channels extend along the recess to the vicinity of the connecting contacts of the semi-conductor body and are directly connected thereto in an electrically conductive manner by the so-called corner drop method, e.g. by glueing, soldering or thermo-compression. A central projection can be provided in the recess of the base body which creates a deflection limit for the measuring diaphragm part.

Abstract: A diaphragm arrangement for a pressure transducer, particularly one employed in monitoring an internal combustion engine and employing a force measuring transducer element abuts either against the pressure transducer directly or a preload element coupled therewith. The diaphragm arrangement includes a plurality of ring-shaped portions, one coupled to a preload volt element and another at the periphery of the transducer. Between these inner and outer portions of the diaphragm arrangement is an elastic portion interconnecting the two which permits the transducer to accurately monitor the pressure behavior, without the introduction of errors due to temperature shocks acting on the diaphragm during the measurement.

Abstract: A transducer for measuring the pressure characteristics of elastic material to be injection moulded includes a transducing element contained within a sleeve member mounted in an injection moulding device. An end of the sleeve member adjacent the material whose pressure characteristics are to be measured contains a pressure transmitting element for transmitting the pressure characteristics of the injection moulded material to the transducing element. Support and guiding structure is provided for supporting the transducing and pressure transmitting elements in the sleeve member, and for maintaining a uniform spacing of the pressure transmitting element from the internal wall of the sleeve member.

Abstract: A diaphragm arrangement is provided for pressure measuring transducer devices wherein the diaphragm includes a structure of the flexible portions thereof permitting stable calibration and compensation of environmental conditions during measurements. In particular, the diaphragm structure includes concentric annular grooves at opposite surfaces of the diaphragm to form at least one annular rim having elastic tubular walls normal to the diaphragm surfaces, thereby providing the flexible portion of the diaphragm. The connection of the diaphragm to the transducer structure is apart from this flexible construction, and the construction can be varied to suit the conditions of usage.

Abstract: A measuring circuit including a piezoelectric transducer contains an output charge amplifier circuit with a semiconductor element connected across the storage element of the charge amplifier. The semiconductor element controls the resetting or zeroing of the storage element to thereby effect control of the operation of the charge amplifier. Typically, the semiconductor element may be a field effect transistor, photo-device, etc., and the control of the same may be remotely controlled.