Abstract: A signal transmission system for transmitting a main process variable and further data between a field device and a superordinate unit, includes a first conversion arrangement, a second conversion arrangement and an optocoupler arrangement. The optocoupler arrangement is connected between the first conversion arrangement and the second conversion arrangement. The first conversion arrangement is configured to convert at least the further data exchanged between the field device and the superordinate unit into a data signal transmittable via the optocoupler arrangement. The optocoupler arrangement transmits the data signal between the first conversion arrangement and the second conversion arrangement. The second conversion arrangement converts the data signal to the further data and transmits it to the field device. A method transmits a main process variable and further data between a field device and a superordinate unit. In the method, at least the further data is transmitted via an optocoupler arrangement.

Abstract: Techniques and apparatus for determining atomic-level configurations of product ions are described. In some embodiments, product ion CCS information may be used to determine substructural configurations of product ions, such as isomers. For example, in one embodiment, an apparatus may include at least one memory and logic coupled to the at least one memory to: receive analytical information for a plurality of product ions, the analytical information comprising product ion collision cross-section (CCS) information, for at least one product ion of the plurality of product ions, determine a variance value of the product ion CCS information. Other embodiments are described.

Abstract: Techniques and apparatus for generated predicted collision cross-section (CCS) values based on a hybrid CCS prediction processes are described. In one embodiment, for example, an apparatus may include at least one memory, and logic coupled to the at least one memory. The logic may be configured to implement a predicted CCS process, for example, by receiving analytical information from analysis of a sample using an ion mobility spectrometry instrument, the sample comprising at least one component, generating an approximate molecular model for the component via an approximate molecular modeling process, and generating a predicted CCS value via a computational model based on the approximate molecular model. Other embodiments are described.

Abstract: Techniques and apparatus for generated predicted collision cross-section (CCS) values based on a hybrid CCS prediction processes are described. In one embodiment, for example, an apparatus may include at least one memory, and logic coupled to the at least one memory. The logic may be configured to implement a predicted CCS process, for example, by receiving analytical information from analysis of a sample using an ion mobility spectrometry instrument, the sample comprising at least one component, generating an approximate molecular model for the component via an approximate molecular modeling process, and generating a predicted CCS value via a computational model based on the approximate molecular model. Other embodiments are described.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are directed to apparatus and methods for performing mass spectrometry. Data pair information is subjected to an ion audit process in which data pair information that relates to scored compounds is subtracted from the data pair information. The depleted information more readily reveals data pair information for compounds present with smaller signals.

Abstract: Absolute quantitation of protein in a sample is provided by comparing a sum or average of the N highest ionization intensities observed for peptides of a particular protein along with a calibration standard. The calibration standard can be in the form of a table generated by prior protein peptide analysis performed using one or more pre-determined proteins. The comparison is used to determine a corresponding absolute quantity of protein based on the observed sum or average of ionization intensities. A simple conversion factor can be applied to the calibration standard value to determine the absolute quantity of protein in the sample.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are directed to apparatus and methods for performing mass spectrometry. Data pair information is subjected to an ion audit process in which data pair information that relates to scored compounds is subtracted from the data pair information. The depleted information more readily reveals data pair information for compounds present with smaller signals.

Abstract: Absolute quantitation of protein in a sample is provided by comparing a sum or average of the N highest ionization intensities observed for peptides of a particular protein along with a calibration standard. The calibration standard can be in the form of a table generated by prior protein peptide analysis performed using one or more pre-determined proteins. The comparison is used to determine a corresponding absolute quantity of protein based on the observed sum or average of ionization intensities. A simple conversion factor can be applied to the calibration standard value to determine the absolute quantity of protein in the sample.

Abstract: Absolute quantitation of protein in a sample is provided by comparing a sum or average of the N highest ionization intensities observed for peptides of a particular protein along with a calibration standard. The calibration standard can be in the form of a table generated by prior protein peptide analysis performed using one or more pre-determined proteins. The comparison is used to determine a corresponding absolute quantity of protein based on the observed sum or average of ionization intensities. A simple conversion factor can be applied to the calibration standard value to determine the absolute quantity of protein in the sample.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are directed to apparatus and methods for performing mass spectrometry. Data pair information is subjected to an ion audit process in which data pair information that relates to scored compounds is subtracted from the data pair information. The depleted information more readily reveals data pair information for compounds present with smaller signals.

Abstract: Absolute quantitation of protein in a sample is provided by comparing a sum or average of the N highest ionization intensities observed for peptides of a particular protein along with a calibration standard. The calibration standard can be in the form of a table generated by prior protein peptide analysis performed using one or more pre-determined proteins. The comparison is used to determine a corresponding absolute quantity of protein based on the observed sum or average of ionization intensities. A simple conversion factor can be applied to the calibration standard value to determine the absolute quantity of protein in the sample.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are directed to apparatus and methods for performing mass spectrometry. Data pair information is subjected to an ion audit process in which data pair information that relates to scored compounds is subtracted from the data pair information. The depleted information more readily reveals data pair information for compounds present with smaller signals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the kinetic resolution of racemic functionalized epoxides in the presence of microorganisms, crude or pure preparations thereof comprising a polypeptide having epoxide hydrolase activity. Preferred microorganisms are yeasts and bacteria which may also be recombinant.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the kinetic resolution of racemic functionalized epoxides in the presence of microorganisms, crude or pure preparations thereof comprising a polypeptide having epoxide hydrolase activity. Preferred microorganisms are yeasts and bacteria which may also be recombinant.