Abstract: The invention relates to a filter element which is configured in the form of a pocket or a tube with an inner space extending in a longitudinal direction and has a multilayer structure which has a permeable outer layer, a permeable inner layer and at least one intermediate layer arranged between the outer layer and the inner layer, which is configured as a fine-pored filter element, wherein the filter element has a predetermined axial length, and wherein the outer layer and the inner layer have the predetermined axial length.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a contoured filter element, according to which method at least one filtering medium is applied to a flat backing material and is detachably secured thereto. The filtering medium is cut out on the backing material to form the contoured filter element and said contoured filter element can be detached from the backing material for use. The invention also relates to a filter element arrangement produced by means of this method.

Abstract: The invention relates to a filter for filtering a liquid or a gas, with a pocket-shaped filter element which has a sleeve-shaped circumferential region, a closed head region and an open foot region, and with a frame element which has an annular base, in which the foot region of the filter element is accommodated, and at least one supporting strut which extends away from the base along the circumferential region of the filter element. An advantageous design of the filter is achieved by forming the head region of the filter element with a saddle shape, wherein two lateral tips are provided between which a channel-shaped recess is formed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a filter for filtering a liquid or a gas, with a pocket-shaped filter element which has a sleeve-shaped circumferential region, a closed head region and an open foot region, and with a frame element which has an annular base, in which the foot region of the filter element is accommodated, and at least one supporting strut which extends away from the base along the circumferential region of the filter element. An advantageous design of the filter is achieved by forming the head region of the filter element with a saddle shape, wherein two lateral tips are provided between which a channel-shaped recess is formed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a contoured filter element, according to which method at least one filtering medium is applied to a flat backing material and is detachably secured thereto. The filtering medium is cut out on the backing material to form the contoured filter element and said contoured filter element can be detached from the backing material for use. The invention also relates to a filter element arrangement produced by means of this method.

Abstract: A filter element with a filter medium and at least one retainer, to which the filter medium is fixed. The retainer comprises a retainer base body and a retainer attachment. The filter medium is arranged between the retainer base body and the retainer attachment at least in sections, and at least one profile element is formed on the retainer base body and/or on the retainer attachment to allow form-fitting and/or force-fitting retention of the filter medium there between.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fastening element for two-dimensional fiber material comprising a basic element and pin-shaped profile elements, which protrude from the basic element in order to penetrate the fiber material. Provision is made for the profile elements to be deformable in order to form retaining heads for the fiber material. The invention further relates to a method for fastening two-dimensional fiber material which can be carried out with a fastening element of such type. By the method in accordance with the invention a cold micro-riveting can be achieved.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fastening element for two-dimensional fibre material comprising a basic element and pin-shaped profile elements, which protrude from the basic element in order to penetrate the fibre material. Provision is made for the profile elements to be deformable in order to form retaining heads for the fibre material. The invention further relates to a method for fastening two-dimensional fibre material which can be carried out with a fastening element of such type. By the method in accordance with the invention a cold micro-riveting can be achieved.

Abstract: A filter element with a filter medium and at least one retainer, to which the filter medium is fixed. The retainer comprises a retainer base body and a retainer attachment. The filter medium is arranged between the retainer base body and the retainer attachment at least in sections, and at least one profile element is formed on the retainer base body and/or on the retainer attachment to allow form-fitting and/or force-fitting retention of the filter medium there between.

Abstract: The invention relates to a filter element for a filter press plate, having two filter areas and a passage for passing through a liquid to be filtered and by means of which the two filter areas are interconnected. According to the invention it can be provided that the passage is constructed in modular manner with at least two separate flange elements, each of said flange elements having a passage opening for the liquid to be filtered and in which one of the two filter areas is located on each of the two flange elements and that connecting means are provided with which the two flange elements are interconnected when the passage openings are aligned.

Abstract: A hollow spindle, in particular for the manufacture of elastic twisted yarns, has a thread channel (9) extending coaxially with respect to the axis of the spindle (A), through which thread channel is axially moved a yarn (6), in particular an elastic core yarn. The thread channel (9) has ribs (10) on its inner surface (8a), which extend in peripheral direction or helically and project inwardly over the surface (8a), so that the yarn (6) running through the thread channel (9) rests only pointlike on the ribs, otherwise, however, is supported at a distance from the inner surface (8a).