Abstract: In a method of producing an imitation wood component firstly a starting component is provided which has a surface area to be processed, onto which an adhesion layer is applied. After drying of the adhesion layer at least one coat of lacquer of wooden color is applied to the adhesion layer and spread by using a textile cloth in order to produce an optical structure looking like wood. After drying of the coat of lacquer, a protective layer is applied which again has to dry. A component is made by this method, the properties of which are remarkably like those of natural wood. Using natural wood parts can be dispensed with, leading to a reduced consumption of wood and, hence, to a sparing of natural resources.

Abstract: Dyeing of cellulosic substrates with reactive dyes in the presence of at least 20 g/l of sodium chloride, employing auxiliaries (E) of levelling activity, which are methylene-bridge-containing and sulpho-group-containing aromatic compounds, obtainable by condensation of defined sulphonation products with formaldehyde resp. formaldehyde-yielding compounds and optionally salt formation; (E)-contaning compositions that further contain at least one hydrotrope (H) and/or at least one sequestering agent (Q); and novel condensation products.

Abstract: (A) oligohydroxy-C.sub.3-8 -alkanes containing at least 3 hydroxy groups and (B) KOH, that contain at least 5% by weight of K.sup.+ and at least one alcoholic hydroxy group are eminently suitable as oxyalkylation catalysts, in particular for the oxyalkylation of ester group-containing substrates, before all of natural, vegetable or animal fats or oils or their modification products.

Abstract: Dyeing of cellulosic substrates with reactive dyes in the presence of at least 20 g/l of sodium chloride, employing auxiliaries (E) of levelling activity, which are methylene-bridge-containing and sulpho-group-containing aromatic compounds, obtainable by condensation of defined sulphonation products with formaldehyde resp. formaldehyde-yielding compounds and optionally salt formation; (E)-contaning compositions that further contain at least one hydrotrope (H) and/or at least one sequestering agent (Q); and novel condensation products.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is isooctyl, nonyl or dodecyl, R.sub.2 is H or --SO.sub.3 R.sub.6, R.sub.3 (A--O).sub.m R.sub.5 where each A, independently, is --C.sub.2 H.sub.4 --, --C.sub.3 H.sub.6 -- or --C.sub.4 H.sub.8 --, R.sub.4 is (B--O).sub.n R.sub.5 where each B, independently, is --C.sub.2 H.sub.4 --, --C.sub.3 H.sub.6 -- or --C.sub.4 H.sub.8 --, R.sub.5 is H or --SO.sub.3 R.sub.6, provided that at least one R.sub.5 is --SO.sub.3 R.sub.6, R.sub.6 is H, an alkali metal, an equivalent of an alkaline earth metal or optionally substituted ammonium, m is 1, 2 or 3 and n is 0, 1 or 2, provided that m+n is at most 4, when n=0 then R.sub.5 is H and m=1, when only one group R.sub.5 is --SO.sub.3 R.sub.6 and n=1 or 2 then both R.sub.2 's are H,are useful as emulsifying and dispersing agents, especially as dyeing or printing assistants for dyeing or printing a substrate dyeable with anionic or disperse dyes.

Abstract: Compositions comprising(a) a cationic surfactant which per se acts as a reserving agent in the dyeing of substrates dyeable with anionic dyes, or a mixture of such surfactantsand (b) a cationic surfactant which per se acts as a retarder in the dyeing of polyacrylonitrile with cationic dyes, or a mixture of such surfactantsand which may contain further components, are eminently suitable as reserving agents for substrates dyeable with anionic dyes.

Abstract: Condensates (K) of(A) oligohydroxy-C.sub.3-8 -alkanes containing at least 3 hydroxy groups and (B) KOH,that contain at least 5% by weight of K.sup.+ and at least one alcoholic hydroxy groupare eminently suitable as oxyalkylation catalysts, in particular for the oxyalkylation of ester group-containing substrates, before all of natural, vegetable or animal fats or oils or their modification products.

Abstract: Products (E) obtainable by reaction of condensation products (K) of(a) formaldehyde or a formaldehyde-yielding compound,(b) at least one (C.sub.1-5 -alkyl)-phenol and(c) at least one amine that contains at least two NH-groups that are reactive with formaldehyde,with the proviso that there are employed 1 mole (c) .+-.5 mole % and 1.6 to 2.4 moles of formaldehyde (a) or the corresponding amount of a formaldehyde-yielding compound (a) per mole of (C.sub.1-5 -alkyl)-phenol (b), with(d) alkyleneoxide and optionally styreneoxideand optionally quaternization of the reaction product and/or modification thereof by introduction of at least one anionic group, or mixtures of such products are eminently suitable as dyeing assistants, in particular as levelling agents for the dyeing of hydrophilic cellulosic and/or polyamidic substrates with dyes of high affinity for the substrate.

Abstract: A process for the treatment of fibrous material from aqueous medium in the presence of an application assistant (P) comprising components (a) and (b), in particular for nitrogen-containing substrates; the compositions (P), (P.sub.1) and (P.sub.2) and compositions comprising (P) and anionic dye or optical brightener.

Abstract: Ammonium salts of aromatic sulpho group-containing condensation products of at least one sulpho group-containing aromatic compound and at least one dihydroxydiphenylsulphone with formaldehyde or a formaldehyde-yielding compound or of defined starting mono- or oligosulphones which are partially metallized and compositions containing them, optionally together with UV-absorbers, are suitable as assistants in the treatment of various substrates and act in particular as improvers of the light-fastness of synthetic polyamide fibres and their dyeings, as assistants in the dyeing or tanning of leather and in the production of paper and as wood-preserving agents.

Abstract: Compounds and mixtures of compounds obtainable by condensation of sulphonation products of defined alkyl-substituted naphthalenes and sulphonation products of optionally alkyl-substituted diphenylethers with formaldehye and optionally treated with further components, are valuable interface-active compounds suitable as assistants in various application fields, in particular as dispersing or levelling agents in the dyeing with disperse dyes or as tanning-assistants or dyeing-assistants for leather.

Abstract: Leather, hides, skins or fur-skins are treated before and/or during dyeing with basic dyes, with a compound of formula I ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is a C.sub.8-18 aliphatic residue;each R.sub.2, independently, is C.sub.1-4 alkyl;R.sub.3 is a C.sub.1-18 aliphatic residue or --CH.sub.2 -R.sub.4 where R.sub.4 is phenyl; phenyl substituted by up to two substituents selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine, methyl, methoxy and ethoxy; or naphthyl; andX is an anion,or a mixture thereof. Dyeings with improved levelness and reproducibility are thus obtained.

Abstract: A method of regulating the coagulation characteristics of a binding agent aqueous dispersion which comprises adding thereto a compound of the formula ##STR1## in which R is an unsubstituted or hydroxy substituted alkyl or alkenyl radical,A is --O--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 -- or --O--CH.sub.2 --CHOH--CH.sub.2 --,p is zero or 1,X is ##STR2## wherein r is an integer and both R.sub.x 's are hydrogen or one is a methyl or an ethyl radical and the other is a hydrogen atom,Y and Z are, independently, R--(A).sub.p --, as defined above, or a group as represented by but independent of X,m is zero or an integer 1 to 5, andn is an integer 2 to 6, the compound containing at least one group of the type represented by X, and being in free base, acid addition salt or quaternary ammonium salt form.Such modified binder dispersions are advantageous for the production of non-woven fabrics.

Abstract: A venetian blind is disclosed having a drive transmission, a lift safety, and an anti-twist safety. The slats are arranged in a stationary frame, and a movable carriage is coupled to at least one of the slats. The carriage moves along a part of the stationary frame for raising and lowering the slats. The lift safety includes a lever or locking pawl mounted on the carriage and positioned to be engaged by a projection on a lift chain or strap. The lever is mounted on the carriage so that the distance between the point of mounting and a point of contact between the lever and the stationary frame decreases as the lever becomes perpendicular to the raising direction. As a result, the lever locks the carriage in position at unauthorized lifting and stops are positioned on the carriage for holding the lever in the locking position. In addition, when the lever is pulled upward from the locking position, it pivots quickly around one of the stops and away from the stationary frame.

Abstract: A process for sealing an oxidized aluminium or aluminium alloy surface comprising sealing the surface in the presence of a sealing agent to hinder the formation of a smut layer, the agent being the reaction product of one or more sulphonated aromatic compounds with an aldehyde and/or dimethylolurea or a mixture of formaldehyde and urea. A novel composition comprising the reaction product above and a cobalt or nickel salt may also be used as the above mentioned sealing agent.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is an aliphatic C.sub.6-22 residueR.sub.2 is an optionally substituted salicyl groupeach R.sub.3, independently, is H or an optionally substituted salicyl groupn is 0 or an integer from 1 to 10each X, independently, is --C.sub.2 H.sub.4 -- or --C.sub.3 H.sub.6 --provided that the molecule contains from 1 to 5 optionally substituted salicyl groups in free base, protonized or quaternized form, are useful as dyeing or printing after-treatment agents, particularly to improve the oxidative wet fastness of dyeings or printings on cellulose containing material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of dyeing or printing a textile substrate with disperse dyes, using as a dyeing assistant the product of polyesterifying an aliphatic polyol or etherpolyol or a disaccharide with benzoic acid or substituted benzoic acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a textile treatment process which comprises applying to a textile substrate of natural or synthetic polyamide either before or after dyeing, a compound of formula I, ##STR1## in which R is an C.sub.6-20 alkyl radical, each ofR.sub.1 and R.sub.2, independently, is --CH.sub.2 --CHOHCH.sub.2 --X or C.sub.1-4 alkyl, with the proviso that the total number of carbon atoms in R+R.sub.1 +R.sub.2 is from 8 to 26;X is chlorine or bromine,Y is a non-chromophoric anion, andn is a whole number from 1 to 3,which treatment before dyeing increases the affinity of the substrate for anionic dyestuffs and after dyeing improves the wet-fastness of the dyed substrate.

Abstract: A method for dyeing or printing a textile substrate with disperse dyes comprising using a compound of formula I ##STR1## wherein each R.sub.1, independently, is C.sub.4-14 alkyleach R.sub.2, independently, is H or C.sub.1-10 alkyl with the proviso that the sum of the carbon atoms present in R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 borne by the same phenyl ring is from 6 to 18 an average of 0.5 to n of the R.sub.3 's are --SO.sub.3 R.sub.4, --CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 R.sub.4 or ##STR2## the remaining R.sub.3 's being H each R.sub.4, independently, is H, an alkali metal, an equivalent of an alkali earth metal, ammonium, or substituted ammonium,R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are both H, with the proviso that in, on average, up to 60% of the units --CHR.sub.5 --CHR.sub.6 --one of the groups R.sub.5 or R.sub.6 may be methyl,each m, independently, is an integer from 4 to 20, and n is an integer from 1 to 9,or a mixture thereof together with a dyeing assistant.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for treating a polyamide textile substrate to increase the affinity thereof for anionic dyes or to reserve the same against cationic dyes comprising applying thereto, in a weakly alkaline medium, a compound of formula I, ##STR1## wherein R is phenyl; naphthyl; (C.sub.5-6)cycloalkyl; or phenyl or naphthyl substituted by a total of up to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of (C.sub.1-4)alkyl, chlorine and bromine (maximum of two of each of these);each of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, independently, is (C.sub.1-4)alkyl, and X.sup..crclbar. is a non-chromophoric anion.