Abstract: A medical decision supporting apparatus according to an embodiment may include a visual and linguistic neural learner, which receives a medical image and extracts visual embedding, a cause miner, which extracts a predetermined index based on the visual embedding and pretrained embedding, and outputs a predetermined cause for the medical image based on a hash map including at least one index-concept pair and the extracted predetermined index, a logical reasoner, which generates a medical report based on the visual embedding, a background knowledge graph, and the predetermined cause, and a proof inference unit, which generates an answer including a proof for a user's question about the medical image based on the predetermined cause and the medical report.