Abstract: A method and an apparatus for determining a time offset are disclosed. The method includes: obtaining, by a device at a head end, a time-domain signal based on a received signal; and then determining a time offset based on values of peak-to-average ratios of a preset quantity of symbols starting from a qth symbol in the time-domain signal, where a peak-to-average ratio of the qth symbol is greater than a preset threshold. A new method for determining a time offset is provided, and takes advantages that the time-domain signal obtained by the device at the head end has stronger capabilities of resisting interference such as frequency offset and phase noise. The method for determining a time offset can be applied both to initial ranging and periodic ranging.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method, non-transitory, computer-readable medium, and computer-implemented system are provided for implementing privacy protection. In an implementation, a public key pk={N, h} corresponding to a target user is obtained, where h is a generator of a predetermined cyclic group with a size of k in a random number space Z*N, a length of k is i bits, a length of N is n bits, and i<<n. A random number r is selected, so that hr belongs to the predetermined cyclic group. To-be-encrypted data m, corresponding to the target user using the public key pk and the random number r, is processed to generate a homomorphic ciphertext c=(1+N)m·(hN mod N2)r mod N2. The homomorphic ciphertext c is provided to the target user, where the homomorphic ciphertext c can be decrypted using a private key sk to obtain the data m.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to compensating method for cell assembly. According to a deviation value of a key position of a measured array substrate, a compensation value of an exposure parameter of black matrix process of a color film substrate is calculated in real time by using historical measurement data of batches. The compensation value is fed back to a manufacturing apparatus in real time. The manufacturing apparatus corrects the key parameter of the apparatus timely according to the compensation value of the exposure parameter of the black matrix, to manufacture a color film substrate matching with the array substrate.

Abstract: Implementations are directed to cross-asset trading in blockchain networks, and include a first node providing transaction information based on a first value, a second value, and an exchange rate of a second node, receiving, from the second node, a first evidence set, a first range proof, and a digital signature of the second node, and submitting the transaction for verification based on the first range proof, a second range proof, the first evidence set, a second evidence set, a digital signature of the first node, and the digital signature of the second node, the transaction being executed to decrease a balance of the first node by the first value, increase a first balance of the second node by the first value, decrease a second balance of the second node by the second value, and increase a balance of the third node by the second value.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for determining a time offset are disclosed. The method includes: obtaining, by a device at a head end, a time-domain signal based on a received signal; and then determining a time offset based on values of peak-to-average ratios of a preset quantity of symbols starting from a qth symbol in the time-domain signal, where a peak-to-average ratio of the qth symbol is greater than a preset threshold. A new method for determining a time offset is provided, and takes advantages that the time-domain signal obtained by the device at the head end has stronger capabilities of resisting interference such as frequency offset and phase noise. The method for determining a time offset can be applied both to initial ranging and periodic ranging.

Abstract: A session key negotiation method, apparatus, and system, where the session key negotiation method in the present disclosure includes obtaining, by first user equipment, a vector (?B) according to a long-term private key (sB) and a temporary private key (yB) that correspond to the first user equipment, and a received long-term public key (PA) and a received temporary public key (xA) that correspond to second user equipment performing session negotiation with the first user equipment, calculating and obtaining a vB according to the ?B using a formula vB=dbl(?B), obtaining a semaphore (vB) according to the vB using a formula vB=vB2, and calculating and obtaining a session key (K) according to the vB using a formula K = [ v _ B ] 2 = [ 2 q ? g ? ? v _ B ] , where q is an even number not equal to two.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method, an apparatus, and a system for authenticating a fully homomorphic message, where the method includes: acquiring a message authentication key, where: the message authentication key includes a public key, a first character string, and a second character string; the first character string is a character string that consists of 0 and 1 and has a length of n; the second character string is a character string that consists of 0 and 1 and has a length of n; generating an authentication fingerprint corresponding to each bit of to-be-computed data; sending a computation request to a server; receiving an authentication fingerprint corresponding to the computation result; and performing correctness authentication on the computation result according to the received authentication fingerprint, which effectively reduces an amount of computation in a verification process.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to compensating method for cell assembly. According to a deviation value of a key position of a measured array substrate, a compensation value of an exposure parameter of black matrix process of a color film substrate is calculated in real time by using historical measurement data of batches. The compensation value is fed back to a manufacturing apparatus in real time. The manufacturing apparatus corrects the key parameter of the apparatus timely according to the compensation value of the exposure parameter of the black matrix, to manufacture a color film substrate matching with the array substrate.

Abstract: A control system for optimizing a chemical looping (“CL”) plant includes a reduced order mathematical model (“ROM”) that is designed by eliminating mathematical terms that have minimal effect on the outcome. A non-linear optimizer provides various inputs to the ROM and monitors the outputs to determine the optimum inputs that are then provided to the CL plant. An estimator estimates the values of various internal state variables of the CL plant. The system has one structure adapted to control a CL plant that only provides pressure measurements in the CL loops A and B, a second structure adapted to a CL plant that provides pressure measurements and solid levels in both loops A, and B, and a third structure adapted to control a CL plant that provides full information on internal state variables. A final structure provides a neural network NMPC controller to control operation of loops A and B.

Abstract: Disclosed are a security control method and a network device. The method includes: a network device obtains confidential data generated by a software trusted platform module (TPM) running in the network device, where the confidential data includes permanent confidential data and refreshable confidential data, the permanent confidential data is data that cannot be updated during a startup process of the network device and the refreshable confidential data is data that can be updated during a startup process of the network device; the network device encrypts the permanent confidential data by using a white box algorithm and stores the permanent confidential data encrypted by using the white box algorithm and the refreshable confidential data in a storage unit whose address is hidden.

Abstract: Provided are a solar cell sheet and a heat treatment process thereof. The heat treatment process includes: a) sifting from solar cell sheets after printed and sintered cell sheets with conversion efficiency lower than 18% and filling factor thereof higher than 70%; b) performing low temperature annealing on the sifted cell sheets; c) sifting from the cell sheets after low temperature annealing cell sheets with lowered filling factor; d) re-sintering the sifted cell sheets; and e) sifting from the re-sintered cell sheets cell sheets with conversion efficiency lower than 18% and returning back to b) until most or all of the sifted meet demands.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method, an apparatus, and a system for authenticating a fully homomorphic message, where the method includes: acquiring a message authentication key, where: the message authentication key includes a public key, a first character string, and a second character string; the first character string is a character string that consists of 0 and 1 and has a length of n; the second character string is a character string that consists of 0 and 1 and has a length of n; generating an authentication fingerprint corresponding to each bit of to-be-computed data; sending a computation request to a server; receiving an authentication fingerprint corresponding to the computation result; and performing correctness authentication on the computation result according to the received authentication fingerprint, which effectively reduces an amount of computation in a verification process.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for public-key encrypted communication includes: encrypting, by a first device, random information according to a first public key to obtain a first ciphertext; encrypting, by the first device, plaintext information according to a second public key to obtain a second ciphertext, where the plaintext information is unencrypted data to be sent by the first device to a second device, the first public key is represented in a form of a polynomial, the first public key is obtained through calculation on a truncated polynomial ring according to system parameters, the second public key is represented in a form of a polynomial, the second public key is randomly selected on a truncated polynomial ring, and the random information is randomly selected on a truncated polynomial ring; and sending, by the first device, the first ciphertext and the second ciphertext to the second device.

Abstract: A control system for optimizing a chemical loop system includes one or more sensors for measuring one or more parameters in a chemical loop. The sensors are disposed on or in a conduit positioned in the chemical loop. The sensors generate one or more data signals representative of an amount of solids in the conduit. The control system includes a data acquisition system in communication with the sensors and a controller in communication with the data acquisition system. The data acquisition system receives the data signals and the controller generates the control signals. The controller is in communication with one or more valves positioned in the chemical loop. The valves are configured to regulate a flow of the solids through the chemical loop.

Abstract: A control system for optimizing a chemical loop system includes one or more sensors for measuring one or more parameters in a chemical loop. The sensors are disposed on or in a conduit positioned in the chemical loop. The sensors generate one or more data signals representative of an amount of solids in the conduit. The control system includes a data acquisition system in communication with the sensors and a controller in communication with the data acquisition system. The data acquisition system receives the data signals and the controller generates the control signals. The controller is in communication with one or more valves positioned in the chemical loop. The valves are configured to regulate a flow of the solids through the chemical loop.

Abstract: Provided are a solar cell sheet and a heat treatment process thereof The heat treatment process includes: a) sifting from solar cell sheets after printed and sintered cell sheets with conversion efficiency lower than 18% and filling factor thereof higher than 70%; h) performing low temperature annealing on the sifted cell sheets; c) sifting from the cell sheets after low temperature annealing cell sheets with lowered filling factor; d) re-sintering the sifted cell sheets; and e) sifting from the re-sintered cell sheets cell sheets with conversion efficiency lower than 18% and returning back to b) until most or all of the sifted meet demands.

Abstract: A technique for allowing a non-SIP user to call a SIP user includes dialing an established service number that indicates a desire to place a call to a SIP user. The SIP URI of the intended call recipient is included in a call setup protocol message associated with dialing the service number. A non-SIP network recognizes the call to the service number and the SIP URI from the UUI parameter of the call setup message. The call is then routed to a gateway for interfacing between the non-SIP network and the appropriate SIP network where the SIP URI is extracted from the message received by the gateway and used to generate an SIP INVITE message for establishing the call with the intended SIP user.

Abstract: A control system for optimizing a chemical loop system includes one or more sensors for measuring one or more parameters in a chemical loop. The sensors are disposed on or in a conduit positioned in the chemical loop. The sensors generate one or more data signals representative of an amount of solids in the conduit. The control system includes a data acquisition system in communication with the sensors and a controller in communication with the data acquisition system. The data acquisition system receives the data signals and the controller generates the control signals. The controller is in communication with one or more valves positioned in the chemical loop. The valves are configured to regulate a flow of the solids through the chemical loop.

Abstract: A control system for optimizing a chemical looping (“CL”) plant includes a reduced order mathematical model (“ROM”) that is designed by eliminating mathematical terms that have minimal effect on the outcome. A non-linear optimizer provides various inputs to the ROM and monitors the outputs to determine the optimum inputs that are then provided to the CL plant. An estimator estimates the values of various internal state variables of the CL plant. The system has one structure adapted to control a CL plant that only provides pressure measurements in the CL loops A and B, a second structure adapted to a CL plant that provides pressure measurements and solid levels in both loops A, and B, and a third structure adapted to control a CL plant that provides full information on internal state variables. A final structure provides a neural network NMPC controller to control operation of loops A and B.