Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a composite scaffold containing DFO and rhBMP-2 capable of synergistically stimulating bone formation, a preparation method and use thereof. The composite scaffold contains a matrix, a PEGS gel layer and rhBMP-2, wherein the matrix is an MBG scaffold grafted with DFO on the surface, the PEGS gel layer is carried on the surface of the matrix, and rhBMP-2 is carried inside the PEGS gel layer. In the present disclosure, the function of DFO and rhBMP-2 in vivo and in vitro can be regulated by precisely controlling the immobilization mode and spatial distribution of DFO and rhBMP-2 in the scaffold, and the all-round repair of “rapid enrichment of target cells—angiogenesis-guided bone” can be achieved.